RU2566452C1 - Cone inertial crusher - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: in the housing (3) of the cone inertial crusher a fixed stator (4) and a movable rotor (6) are mounted. The stator and the rotor are made in the form of reverse truncated cones with riffles. The riffles are cut in crosswise directions at an angle to their bases. The width of the riffle pitch and their depth are decreases from the top to the bottom. On top of the rotor on the pins a pressure blower (7) is mounted in the form of truncated cones (8) attached to each other, with the blades (9). The pressure blower blades form between each other a discharge chamber (10). The channels of the discharge chamber are made at an angle of 45° to the horizontal.

EFFECT: invention improves the performance of the crusher.

2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to inertial cone crushers and can be used in the food industry and in agriculture for grinding grain, seeds of legumes, buckwheat, etc.

The prototype of the proposed cone inertial crusher was the USSR copyright certificate No. 1715399 A1, IPC V02C 2/02, 02.29.1992; USSR copyright certificate No. 1753936 A3, IPC V02C 2/02, 07/07/1992.

In the above prototype of the USSR No. 1715399 A1, MPK V02C 2/02, an increase in crusher productivity and an improvement in the quality of the finished product is achieved by regulating the pressure on the material due to the centrally located shaft being equipped with an independent drive, and accelerating blades with the ability to change the angle of inclination relative to its generatrix. The accelerating blades of the rotor exert a force on the material, one of the components of which is directed to the loading slit of the working chamber. Accelerating vanes pump the product onto the surface of the rotor and partially into the gap between the rotor and the stator. The product, hitting the rotor, loses the speed obtained from the discharge vanes and rolls off the rotor due to the centrifugal force received from the rotating rotor towards the gap between the rotor and the stator.

The disadvantage of this method is that not all the energy expended by the injection blades to feed the product into the gap between the rotor and the stator is useful. Most of this energy is lost when the product hits the rotor.

In the above prototype of the USSR No. 1753936 A3, IPC V02C 2/02, the combination of crushing and fine abrasion processes, simplifying the design and increasing the uniformity of the fractional composition is achieved by the fact that the grinding body is made in the form of a reverse truncated cone, the cavity of which is open from the side of the primary crushing chamber, and the unbalanced load of the unbalanced drive is made in the form of a shock blade, and an exhaust fan is installed in the lower part, the blades of which are fixed to the shaft under the discharge gap.

The disadvantage of this crusher is that the crushed material is not fed directly into the gap between the rotor and the stator, but into the internal cavity of the truncated cone, which significantly reduces the productivity of the crusher.

The objective of the invention is to increase the productivity of the crusher and reduce the specific energy consumption spent on crushing the material.

The technical result is that in the crusher, consisting of a fixed stator and a movable rotor, made in the form of inverse truncated cones with riffles, cut in cross directions at an angle to their bases with decreasing riffle pitch and their depth from the top to the base, on top the rotor on the pins is fixed to the supercharger, made in the form of truncated cones fastened to each other with blades forming between them an injection cavity, the channels of which are made at an angle of 45 ° to the horizontal.

Due to the additional speed obtained, as a result of the action of the supercharger blades, the filling factor of the gap between the rotor and stator is increased by the product. This increases the productivity of the crusher and reduces the specific energy consumption.

In FIG. 1 shows a cone inertial crusher, a longitudinal section; in FIG. 2 - supercharger, top view and its section AA.

The cone crusher comprises a frame 2 mounted on the springs 1 with a casing 3. A fixed stator 4 is fixed inside the casing, made in the form of a reverse truncated cone with riffles cut in cross directions at an angle to their bases, and the riffle pitch and their depth decrease from the top to base. A movable rotor 6 is mounted on the shaft 5, made in the form of a reverse truncated cone with flutes cut in cross directions at an angle to their bases, and the flute pitch and depth thereof are reduced from the top to the base. At the top of the movable rotor, a supercharger 7 is mounted on the pins, made in the form of truncated cones 8 attached to each other with blades 9 forming an injection cavity 10 between them, the channels of which are made at an angle of 45 ° to the horizontal. A loading neck 11 is fixed in the upper part of the crusher body. To regulate the gap between the movable rotor and the fixed stator, quick-detachable bolts 12 and rings 13 are installed. The ejector 15 is fixed on the unbalance 14. The shaft 5 is driven by pulleys 16, 17 and the electric motor 18.

Crusher works as follows.

The crushed material is fed into the loading neck 11, and from it flows directly into the central part of the supercharger 7 (low pressure zone) and rushes through the channels 9 made at an angle of 45 ° to the horizontal due to the centrifugal force arising from its rotation and into the injection cavity 10 (high pressure zone) and enters the gap between the movable rotor 6 and the stationary stator 4, without losing speed. Due to the interaction of the flutes of the movable rotor 6 and the fixed stator 4 with the material to be ground and the gap between the movable rotor and the fixed stator, as well as a decrease in the step width of the flutes and their depth along the course of advancement, the product is crushed. In this case, the product particles make a complex movement along a conical helix, which can be represented as a set of movements around the vertical axis of the movable rotor and along the generatrix of the cone.

Coming out of the working area, the crushed product falls into the tray and partially onto the inside of the housing, from where it is also sent to the tray by the ejector 15.

By adjusting the gap between the movable rotor 6 and the stationary stator 4 of the rings 13, the product particles of the degree of grinding required by the technology are obtained.

The imbalance 14, mounted on the drive shaft 5, gives vibration to the ejector and the housing, which contributes to a more rapid advancement of the product in the gap between the movable rotor and the stationary stator and does not allow the product to hang on the working bodies and inside the housing.

It was experimentally determined that when a supercharger was installed, the crusher productivity increased by 5-10%, and the specific power consumption decreased by 7-10%.

Claims (1)

The inertial cone crusher comprises a housing, inside which a fixed stator and a movable rotor are installed, made in the form of inverse truncated cones with riffles cut in cross directions at an angle to their bases, and the riffle pitch and their depth decrease from the top to the base, characterized in that that in order to increase the productivity of the crusher and reduce the specific energy consumption on the top of the rotor, a supercharger is mounted on the pins, made in the form of truncated cones fastened together with blades forming an injection cavity between themselves, the channels of which are made at an angle of 45 ° to the horizontal.

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