RU2560600C2 - Method of production of feeding meal from biomass of worms - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: method comprises drying under the influence of microwave radiation of biomass of worms and its subsequent grinding. After the operations of drying with microwave radiation and grinding the biomass of worms is sterilized with microwave radiation at a temperature of 100…120°C for 10…20 minutes. The resulting feeding meal is packed under vacuum of 5…7 torr into opaque polymer films.

EFFECT: reduction of loss of nutritional value of the feeding meal, absence of pathogenic microorganisms in the final product, increasing the duration of storage and increase in the convenience of transportation of the feeding meal produced from the biomass of worms.

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Description

A method of producing feed flour from biomass of worms relates to the field of preparation of feed for farm animals and poultry, and in particular to a method of producing feed flour from biomass of worms.

A known method of producing protein-vitamin feed meal from a hybrid of red California earthworm and vermicompost apple squeezes [1], including the introduction of earthworms into a substrate from apple squeezes, vermicompost, subsequent drying and grinding. The crushed substrate, moistened to 80 ... 90%, is placed with collars in open areas, at a temperature not lower than 15 ° C, or in a heated room, colonized by worms and vermicompost for 20 days. The worms and vermicompost are dried by the convective method for 2 hours at a temperature of 21 ° C and for 2 hours at a temperature of 24 ... 27 ° C in vacuum. The resulting dry mass is ground in a mill to a particle size of 0.02 ... 0.03 mm

The disadvantage of this method is the presence of a large number of pathogenic microorganisms in the resulting feed meal, due to the absence in the described method of the sterilization operation necessary for the complete destruction of pathogenic microorganisms.

A known method of producing vermicum [2], including blanching of worms in boiling water for 1 minute, drying in an oven at 95 ° C and grinding to powder.

The disadvantages of this method are: significant loss of the nutritional value of vermimuki during storage and the short duration of storage due to the exposure of the vermimuki from exposure to oxygen and sunlight, leading to the oxidation of fats, protein denaturation, the destruction of vitamins and active substances; as well as the inconvenience of transportation.

The closest analogue selected as a prototype is a method of producing fish meal [3], including drying under the influence of microwave radiation of a fish mixed with an antioxidant and subsequent grinding of the dried mixed fish and antioxidant.

The disadvantages of this method are: the presence of a large number of pathogenic microorganisms in the resulting feed meal, due to the lack of sterilization in the described method, necessary for the complete destruction of pathogenic microorganisms; Significant loss of nutritional value of vermimuki during storage and short shelf life due to the exposure of the vermimuki to oxygen and sunlight, leading to fat oxidation, protein denaturation, destruction of vitamins and active substances; as well as the inconvenience of transportation.

The technical result achieved is to reduce the loss of nutritional value of feed flour from biomass of worms, in the complete absence of pathogenic microorganisms, increase the duration of storage and increase the convenience of transporting feed produced from biomass of worms.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that the biomass of the worms after operations of drying with microwave radiation and subsequent grinding is sterilized with microwave radiation at a temperature of 100 ... 120 ° C for 10 ... 20 minutes and the resulting feed flour is Packed under vacuum 5 ... 7 Torr in opaque polymer films.

A method for producing fodder meal from worm biomass involves drying under the influence of microwave radiation the worm biomass, grinding dried worm biomass, microwave sterilization and vacuum packaging of the resulting feed meal into opaque polymer films.

The method of obtaining feed flour from the biomass of worms consists of the following operations. The biomass of the worms is dried under the influence of microwave radiation at a temperature of 30 ... 40 ° C to a residual moisture content of 7.0 ... 10.0%. Next, the obtained intermediate product is crushed to a particle size of 3 ... 5 mm, after which it is sterilized with microwave radiation at a temperature of 100 ... 120 ° C for 10 ... 20 minutes and then vacuum packaging of the resulting feed meal is carried out at a vacuum value of 5 ... 7 Torr in opaque polymer films.

Using this sequence of operations allows you to get a new technical result, different from the technical result of the prototype.

The operation of sterilization of the biomass of worms by microwave radiation at a temperature of 100 ... 120 ° C for 10 ... 20 minutes allows you to completely destroy the pathogenic microorganisms in the resulting feed flour, due to the fact that at a temperature of 100 ... 120 ° C and above for 10 ... 20 minutes complete destruction of pathogenic microorganisms, in this case, if the sterilization temperature exceeds 120 ° C, deep degradation of feed flour proteins occurs, leading to a decrease in its nutritional value, which is unacceptable in the production of feed flour, therefore, the proposed steam sterilization meters - a temperature of 100 ... 120 ° C and a duration of 10 ... 20 minutes are the most optimal. This was proved in the process of laboratory studies conducted at Petrozavodsk State University.

The absence of pathogenic microorganisms in the feed meal is a prerequisite for feed meal of animal origin, which can include flour from the biomass of worms. This is regulated, in particular, and GOST 17536 "Feed fodder of animal origin. Technical conditions. "

The operation of vacuum packaging at a vacuum value of 5 ... 7 Torr in opaque polymer films is carried out immediately after sterilization by microwave radiation. This allows you to protect the resulting feed flour from loss of nutritional value and the emergence of pathogenic microorganisms during storage and transportation, due to this also increases the duration of storage of feed flour. The vacuum value of less than 5 ... 7 Torr does not allow to pack the finished feed flour with no air inside the package, and more than 5 ... 7 Torr leads to a decrease in the strength of the opaque polymer film and a violation of the tightness of the package, so the proposed range of values of 5 ... 7 Torr is the most acceptable.

The mechanism for protecting feed flour from loss of nutritional value is that an opaque polymer film protects the feed flour from oxygen and sunlight, which means that oxidation (rancidity) of fats, protein denaturation, destruction of vitamins and active substances in feed flour does not occur. Also, the operation of vacuum packaging in opaque polymer films increases the convenience of transporting feed flour.

To confirm the technical result, a series of experiments were conducted to obtain feed flour from the biomass of worms.

100 g biomass of earthworms was placed in an airtight chamber, in which it was dried by a microwave generator with a power of 1.5 kW, to a residual moisture content of 9.3%. During the drying process, the temperature of the feed was 30 ° C. The dried raw materials were ground in an electric mill. Then it was again placed in a sealed chamber, in which they were sterilized by a microwave generator at a temperature of 120 ° C for 10 minutes. After sterilization, the resulting feed flour was wrapped in an opaque polymer film and placed in a vacuum chamber, where a 5 Torr vacuum was created, and after restoration in the atmospheric pressure chamber, they were removed from the vacuum chamber. Packaged flour was stored for 6 months in a dark, cool room and the quality indicators of this flour, as well as feed flour, were determined immediately after its production. The results are presented in table.

Table Qualitative indicators of worm biomass feed meal No. p / p Name of indicator Flour immediately after production Flour after storage 6 months one Appearance The product is loose without dense, not crumbling under pressure, lumps or granules 2 Smell Specific, but not putrid and not musty 3 Grinding size - the remainder of the embankment with a diameter of 5 mm,% Does not have four Moisture content, % 7.6 5 Mass fraction of protein,% 59.8 59.6 6 Mass fraction of fat,% 5.9 5.8 7 The presence of pathogenic microorganisms Not allocated

According to the table, it is clear that the obtained feed flour immediately after production, and stored for 6 months, meets the requirements for the quality of feed flour of animal origin according to GOST 17536 "Feed animal feed. Technical conditions. " These tables confirm the claimed technical result of the invention: no pathogenic microorganisms were detected in the flour either initially or during storage, the content of proteins and fats during storage did not significantly change (within the error).

SOURCES

1. Description of the invention to patent RU 2470521 “Method for the production of protein-vitamin feed flour from a hybrid of red California earthworm and vermicomposted apple pomace” (Irikov OV, Zabudsky Yu.I. Publ.: 12.27.2012).

2. Titov I.N., Usoev V.M. Vermiculture as a renewable source of animal protein from organic waste // Bulletin of Tomsk State University. Biology. No. 2 (18). Tomsk: Publishing House TSU 2012. S.74-80.

3. Description of the invention to patent RU 2075951 "Method for producing fishmeal" (Voropaev V.M., Blinov Yu.G., Akulin V.N. Publ.: 03.27.1997).

Claims (1)

A method of obtaining feed flour from biomass of worms, including drying under the influence of microwave radiation of biomass of worms and subsequent grinding of dried biomass of worms, characterized in that the biomass of worms after operations of drying with microwave radiation and subsequent grinding is sterilized with microwave radiation at a temperature of 100 ... 120 ° C within 10 ... 20 minutes and the resulting feed flour is Packed under vacuum 5 ... 7 Torr in opaque polymer films.