RU2558765C1 - Glass-cleaning low-freezing liquid - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: chemistry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to cleaning compositions of low-freezing liquids, intended for cleaning solid surfaces, including automobile windshield. Liquid contains, wt %: monoatomic alcohol 5.0-30.0; at least one salt of carboxylic acid, selected from the group, which includes: ammonium formiate, potassium formiate, sodium formiate, ammonium acetate, sodium acetate, potassium acetate 5.0-60.0, SAS 0.10-0.35; pack of technological additives not more than 5.0; and water to 100.

EFFECT: reduction of alcohol consumption, reduction of toxicity and cost price of liquid with preservation of high exploitation characteristics.

4 cl, 1 tbl

Description

The invention relates to the field of chemical technology, in particular to detergent compositions of low-temperature liquids intended for cleaning windshields, windows and lighting devices of vehicles, including cars, in the cold season.

The range of non-freezing liquids for cleaning (washing) automobile windows is very wide, but not all drugs are safe for human health.

Quality glass washing preparations should have the following properties:

- effectively remove contaminants at low temperatures;

- have a reduced risk to human health and the environment;

- after applying the liquid on the glass there should be no smudges, deposits and iridescent films, which can make it difficult for the driver to see;

- the absence of corrosive effects on the rubber elements of the glass (glass - cleaning brushes and glass seals), plastic decoration elements and paintwork machines;

- fluid viscosity in the range of 0.9-1.02 mm ² / s, allowing you to adjust its fluidity;

- pH not higher than 8.5, mainly 6.5-8.5;

- have acceptable organoleptic properties;

- the liquid should not exfoliate on the surface of the windshield when driving at high speeds, because this forms an ice film that interferes with the view;

- reduction of production costs;

- lack of pricing at low temperatures.

The search for new compositions of low-temperature glass cleaning liquids with the above properties is an urgent task.

To improve the specified operational properties of low-freezing wiper liquids NSG, a lot of means are known. These are various types of NSG compositions: RU 2171832, C11D 3/43, 08/10/2001, US 3978010, C11D 1/22, C11D 3/43, 08/31/1976 containing methyl alcohol; RU 2233317, C11D 3/44, 07.27.2004, RU 2167192, C11D 3/43, 05.20.2001, RU 2140972, C11D 3/44, 11.11.1999, EP 0647706 A2.05.10, 1994, US 4315828 A, 16.02. 1982, WO 1997 DE 02713, 1997, WO 0075271, C11D 1/83, C11D 3/20, C11D 3/43, 12/14/2000, containing ethyl alcohol; US 4213873 A, C11D 3/20, C11D 3/20, 07/22/1980, EP 0527625 A2, C11D 1/02, 08.04.1998, SU 1595896 A1, C11D 1/72, 09/30/1990, RU 2051957, C11D 1 / 66, 01/10/1996, RU 2430964 C1, C11D1 / 66, C11D 3/20, 10/10/2010, UA 71609, C11D 1/66, C11D 1/75, 07/25/2012, containing isopropyl alcohol, etc.

Common signs of known liquids are the content of an anti-freezing alcohol-containing component in it - fatty (monoatomic) aliphatic alcohols with a carbon content of 1 to 3, a surfactant surfactant and a package of technological additives (inhibitor, perfume, dye, etc.) .

Of the above analogues, the following are closer.

Known liquid detergent for cleaning automotive windows, which contains, by weight. %: 25-92 methyl alcohol, 0.01-4 surfactants, 0.001-0.100 denatonium benzoate or sucrose octaacetate and the rest is water (RU 2171832, C11D 3/43, 08/10/2001). Despite the low cost of the detergent, the introduction of sucrose denatonium benzoate or octaacetate into its composition, which give the composition an intolerable bitterness and cause an emetic effect, cannot stop alcohol lovers, therefore the composition is extremely dangerous to health not only for the latter, but also for passengers, because . MPC of this composition is very low 10-15 mg / m ³ .

Known composition for cleaning glasses, which contains, by weight. %: synthetic denatured ethyl alcohol (in terms of 100% ethanol) 35-60, nonionic surfactant 0.1-2.0, perfume 0-0.5, sodium acetate 0.1-2.0, phthalic diethyl ether acids 0.1-0.5, dye 0-0.01, amine modifier 0.1-1.0, water - the rest (RU 2233317, C11D 3/44, 07.27.2004). A disadvantage of the known composition is the high consumption of ethyl alcohol, which increases the cost of production, and a fairly low cleaning ability (not more than 95%).

Known composition for cleaning glasses, which contains, by weight. %: a mixture of polyoxyethylene glycol esters of synthetic primary fatty alcohols fraction C ₁₂ -C ₁₄ or a mixture of polyoxyethylene glycol esters of monoethanolamides synthetic fatty acids 1-10; polyhydric alcohol 25-40; isopropyl alcohol (monohydroxy) as a low-freezing component 10-25, while the mass ratio of polyhydric and isopropyl alcohol is (1-4): 1; and water - up to 100 (RU 2051957, C11D 1/66, 01/10/1996).

The composition has a washing ability of not higher than 93%, the freezing temperature is minus 45-60 ° C, however, the high content of polyhydric alcohols and surfactants in the composition reduces the degree of cleaning of car windshields.

Known low-temperature glass washer fluid, which contains, by weight. %: isopropyl alcohol 10-30, ethylcarbitol 2-10, nonionic surfactant 0.01-0.10, polyol glycol 0.02-0.10, water - the rest (RU 2430964, C11D 1/66, C11D 3/20, 10/10/2010). Additionally, the liquid may contain amino alcohol - triethanolamine, in an amount of 0.01-0.03 wt. %, perfume in the amount of 0.02-0.20 wt. % and dye in an amount of 0.0002-0.0006 wt. % The technical result of the known invention is to reduce the freezing temperature of aqueous solutions of isopropyl alcohol to minus 40 ° C, increase the cleaning ability (not lower than 98%), reduce the total content of low-temperature ingredients and, accordingly, the cost of production.

With high performance characteristics of the known composition of the liquid, it has a fairly high toxicity MPC 20-35 mg / m ³ and the components of the composition, getting into the atmosphere, then into the soil worsen the environmental situation.

The technical result of the invention is the expansion of the range of low-freezing glass cleaning fluids, cost reduction, preservation of fluid performance and toxicity (MPC not lower than 50 mg / m ³ ).

The technical result is achieved by the fact that a low-freezing glass wiper containing monohydric alcohol from the aliphatic series, a surfactant, a technological additive package and water, according to the invention further comprises at least one carboxylic acid salt selected from the series including: ammonium formate, potassium formate, formate sodium, ammonium acetate, sodium acetate, potassium acetate, in the following ratio, wt. %:

Monohydroxy alcohol 5.0-30.0 Surfactant 0.10-0.35 Technology Additive Pack No more than 5,0 Carboxylic acid salt 5.0-60.0 Water Rest

As a monohydric alcohol, it contains at least one selected from the series: methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, separately or in a mixture in any ratio to each other.

The package of technological additives in the form of an aqueous composition contains: a corrosion inhibitor, a pH regulator, perfume, a dye with a balanced ratio of components, while sodium benzoate is mainly used as a corrosion inhibitor, and urea is mainly used as a pH regulator.

Numerous compounds from a number of known surfactants and inhibitors can be used as surfactants and corrosion inhibitors. The inventive liquid was used mainly sulfanol (surfactant), sodium benzoate (inhibitor) and urea as a pH regulator. Sodium benzoate also prevents the oxidation of fluid components.

As a perfume (flavoring) can be used known environmentally friendly compounds, for example ecovert 7916s, lemon 2259b, citron 7916s, various cosmetic fragrances.

As dyes, food dyes are used, as a rule: crimson or dye tartrazine, brilliant blue FCE, etc.

For the preparation of liquids, components manufactured by both domestic and foreign manufacturers are used. For example, isopropyl alcohol according to GOST 9805-76. Water is used deionized desalted.

The freezing temperature of the liquid compositions is determined by the method described in TU 20-287-74. Fire hazard testing is carried out according to the methodology described in GOST 12.1.044-89. Indicators of washing ability are determined in accordance with TU 6-15-1368-87. The cleaning ability in% is determined by OST 6-15-1660-93 on a glass surface. The change in glass transparency (visibility) in points is determined by the method described in the "Collection of methods for determining the individual quality indicators of automotive products."

The invention is confirmed by examples.

Example

The liquid is prepared by sequential mixing of the components at a temperature not exceeding 100 ° C.

To prepare 1000 kg of a low-freezing wiper fluid, 628 kg (62.8 wt.%) Of desalted water are placed in a container with a stirrer, 100 kg (10 wt.%) Of isopropyl alcohol are added, 150 kg (15.0 wt.%) Of sodium formate, sodium acetate 100 kg (10 wt.%), enter 2 kg (0.2 wt.%) surfactant (sulfanol), a package of technological additives: 5 kg (0.5 wt.%) sodium benzoate, 1.4 wt. % urea, 0.05 wt. % dye (acid blue) and perfumes in the form of a perfume composition.

Adding dye and perfume does not affect performance, it only gives the presentation (color) and eliminates the smell of alcohol.

The resulting aqueous liquid solution is homogeneous, transparent. Application temperature minus 25 ° C. Cleaning ability 98%, pH 7.5. There is no corrosive effect on steel, aluminum and paintwork. Glass transparency 100 points, i.e. liquid does not leave streaks on car windows. MPC 55 mg / m ³ .

The table shows a number of other compositions of the claimed liquid and its properties.

As shown by numerous tests, the claimed fluid properties are slightly better known, MPC is not lower than 50 mg / m ³ , which makes the fluid environmentally friendly for use. In addition, through the use of salts of carboxylic acids and a minimum alcohol content of up to 5.0 wt. % significantly reduced cost and fire risk. The fluid retains fluidity at temperatures below minus 25-40 ° C; has a kinematic viscosity at these temperatures no worse than 100.1 mm ² / s, which leads to a decrease in fluid flow when using not less than 20-30% compared with known analogues. The pH for the studied compositions is from 6.5 to 8.5, which meets the requirements for such liquids, in accordance with TU.

When using n. (normal) - propyl and n. (normal) - butyl alcohols, the properties of the liquid also have high performance, but due to the limited production of these alcohols, the liquid with their content does not find sufficient use, while the cost of the product also slightly increases.

The number of examples provided does not limit the number of possible combinations of fluid components. A large number of experiments showed that a different combination of salts in combination with alcohol can create solutions that have the same output parameters, or acquire qualitatively new ones.

The inventive liquid is not toxic to humans, animals, plants and aquatic biota, completely decomposes in natural conditions and is absorbed by vegetation. The fluid is also harmless to paintwork, chrome, rubber, glass and plastic car parts.

Thus, the proposed tool allows you to effectively use it to minus 40 ° C, reduce fluid consumption when cleaning windshields, lower the alcohol content while maintaining high fluid performance, expand the range of liquids for cleaning automotive windows, while the economic benefit of using the proposed fluid is not less than 2-5% relative to analogues.

Table Wiper fluid components The compositions according to examples, wt. % 1 (analog * 2 3 four 5 6 7 Monohydric alcohol and surfactant Methyl alcohol - fifteen - - - - - Ethylcarbitol 10 - - - - - - Isopropyl alcohol thirty - twenty - - 5,0 15.0 Ethanol - - - 5,0 - - 15.0 Isobutyl alcohol - - - - thirty - - Surfactant 0.1 0.1 0.15 0.2 0.35 0.2 0.35 Carboxylic acid salt Ammonium formate - - 5,0 5,0 - - 25 Potassium formate - - - - 2,5 - Sodium formate - - - - 2,5 - Ammonium acetate - - 5,0 - - - - Sodium Acetate - - - 5,0 - - - Potassium acetate - 12.5 - - - 60 - Technological Additives Sodium benzoate - 3.0 3,5 2.0 2,5 4,5 2,5 Urea - 1,0 1,2 2.0 1.65 0.3 1,5 Dye 0,0006 0.06 0.05 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.02 Perfume 0.2 0.02 0.05 0.05 0.02 0,03 0,03 Water Up to 100 Up to 100 Up to 100 Up to 100 Up to 100 Up to 100 Up to 100 Wiper fluid properties Cleaning ability,% 98 98 99 98 97 99 one hundred Change in glass transparency (visibility), points 95 one hundred one hundred one hundred one hundred one hundred one hundred Application temperature, minus ° C 10 25 thirty fifteen twenty 40 thirty Product brand M-25 M-30 M-15 M-20 M-40 M-30 * RU 2430964

Claims (4)

1. Wiper low-freezing liquid containing a monohydric alcohol from the aliphatic series, a surfactant, a package of technological additives and water, characterized in that the liquid further comprises at least one carboxylic acid salt selected from the series including: ammonium formate, potassium formate, sodium formate , ammonium acetate, sodium acetate, potassium acetate, in the following ratio, wt. %:
Monohydroxy alcohol 5.0-30.0 Surfactant 0.10-0.35 Technology Additive Pack No more than 5,0 Carboxylic acid salt 5.0-60.0 Water Rest 2. The liquid according to claim 1, characterized in that as a monohydric alcohol it contains at least one selected from the series: methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, separately or in a mixture in any ratio between themselves. 3. The liquid according to claim 1, characterized in that the package of technological additives in the form of an aqueous composition contains a corrosion inhibitor, a pH regulator, perfume, a dye with a balanced ratio of components. 4. The liquid according to claim 3, characterized in that sodium benzoate is mainly used as a corrosion inhibitor, and urea is mainly used as a pH regulator.