RU2545648C1 - Rotary tiller for weed control - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: rotary tool comprises a frame with support wheels and towbar hitch. On the frame two rows of four sections of the rotor discs are sequentially mounted with the ability of rotation and interconnected by chain drives. On the shafts of the rotor discs the sprockets are mounted. In the upper part of the frame the tilling depth adjusting mechanism is mounted. Each disc has a shape of flat polygonal with beams of rectangular section mounted on it. The bending angle of the beams is α=28…30°. The beams have knives with carbon cuts in the end part with an opening angle of β=35…40°, a sharpening angle of j=45…60°, and a sharpening angle of the end part of δ=20…30°. The gear ratio is changed by means of a chain gear mounted between the front and rear batteries of the tool. The beams of the front rotor discs are bent of the opposite direction relative to the beams of the rear rotor discs.

EFFECT: complete combing weeds, maintaining soil moisture, improvement of quality of the surface treatment of the soil, reduction of the number of passes over the field.

7 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agricultural machinery, in particular to a device for surface tillage.

Known rotational hoe containing a frame and frontally located relative to the direction of movement in two rows of axes with rigidly mounted on each of them and placed in the longitudinally vertical plane with the same pitch from each other discs mounted on each disk on the periphery with the same pitch of the teeth, in which the longitudinal axis of each tooth is located at an angle to the radius of the disk in a direction opposite to the direction of rotation of the disk, while each subsequent disk on the axis is mounted with an angular displacement flax the previous half a step between the teeth on the disk to accommodate the ends of the teeth along the helix, with each tooth having a fastener and a working part, the fastening part being made with a hole for attaching to the disk and a bevel for abutment in a tooth adjacent to it on the disk ( RU 2327323, dated June 27, 2008).

The disadvantage of this tool is the inability to comb out perennial weeds from the soil and the instability of the technological process, in addition, this installation of teeth leads to the formation of blemishes.

The closest technical solution to the claimed invention in terms of features is a rotary-type soil loosening device comprising a frame, an automatic coupling bracket, support wheels mounted on the frame are four batteries on which rotor disc blocks are mounted, each disk having the shape of a flat polygon with a cutting blade the edge has needles with knives, the cutting angle of which is γ = 45 ... 60 ° and the angle of sharpening α = 20 ... 30 °, while the batteries are installed in two rows, also sprockets with different numbers are mounted on the axis of the discs honors the teeth on which the circuit is set to ensure rotation of the driven disc at a higher speed than the top rotor disks (RU 2486731 C1, Int. A01V 39/18, publ. 10.07.2013).

The disadvantage of this tool is the incompleteness of combing perennial weeds from the soil, the unstable progress of the unit in depth.

The objective of the claimed invention is to remedy these disadvantages.

EFFECT: full combing of weeds, preservation of soil moisture, improving the quality of surface tillage, reducing the number of passes in the field.

The specified technical result is achieved in that a rotary weed cultivating implement containing a frame with support wheels, successively mounted in two rows on the frame with the possibility of rotation and four rotary disc batteries connected by chain drives with sprockets mounted on its shafts, a tow hitch , according to the invention, a mechanism for adjusting the working depth is mounted in the upper part of the frame, and each disk has the shape of a flat polygon and consists of mounted on rays of rectangular cross-section with a bending angle α = 28 ... 30 °, and at the front rotor discs the rays are bent in the opposite direction relative to the rays of the rear rotor discs, the rays have knives with carbon cutouts in the end part, which in turn have a solution angle β = 35 ... 40 °, the angle of sharpening the cut j = 45 ... 60 ° and the angle of sharpening the end part δ = 20 ... 30 °, moreover, the sharpening of the cut is made in such a way that during the movement of the knife in the soil, the sharp edge of the cut is at the bottom, while in the upper part frames between front and rear batteries are located wives connecting them to each other through chain transmissions gears, with which you can change the gear ratio between the front and rear batteries of the gun within i = 0.25 ... 0.9.

The invention is illustrated by drawings.

In FIG. 1 - shows a side view of the gun.

In FIG. 2 is a top view of the gun.

In FIG. 3 - rotary disk.

In FIG. 4 - view A, rotary blade knife.

In FIG. 5 - section AA, sharpening angle δ.

In FIG. 6 - view B, sharpening angle j.

In FIG. 7 - the trajectory of the knife rotor disk.

The surface tillage tool includes a frame 1, a tow hitch 2, a hydraulic cylinder 3 for transferring the implement from its working position to the transport, support wheels 4, two front and two rear batteries of rotor disks consisting of a shaft 5, rotor disks are mounted on the frame with the possibility of rotation 6 and asterisks 7. The left front and left rear, right front and right rear batteries are kinematically interconnected via chain transmissions 8 through gears 9 located in the upper part of the implement’s frame. Each gearbox allows you to change the gear ratio i between the front and rear batteries, depending on the type of soil and the degree of contamination of the field within i = 0.25 ... 0.9. To change the depth of processing on the frame there is a depth adjustment mechanism 10, which is a helical brace with two screws and a sleeve having threads of the right and left direction, respectively. Each rotor disk consists of a beam 11, a base 12 and a knife 13. The beams 11 of rectangular cross section have a bending angle α = 28 ... 30 °, and at the front rotor disks 6 the rays are bent in the opposite direction relative to the rays of the rear rotor disks.

Each knife is equipped with coal cutouts, which in turn have: a solution angle β = 35 ... 40 °, a cutter sharpening angle j = 45 ... 60 °, and an end angle sharpening angle δ = 20 ... 30 °.

The device operates as follows.

Depending on the type of soil and the degree of weediness on the gearboxes 9, the corresponding gear ratio i = 0.25 ... 0.9 is established and the required depth of soil cultivation is set by means of the depth adjustment mechanism 10 by rotating its sleeve. At the edge of the field with the help of a hydraulic cylinder 3, the implement is put into working position. When moving across the field, the rotor discs 6 engage with the soil and begin to rotate. Since at any gear setting, the gear ratio between the front and rear batteries is i <l, the rear battery disks always rotate faster than the front ones. Therefore, the front discs work with sliding due to the presence of resistance from the action of soil on the knives of the rear discs. As a result, the front discs loosen the soil, weeds are partially combed out, and the rear discs, due to the higher speed, completely comb out the weeds with their subsequent laying on the field surface, which excludes their re-germination. This design solution provides a partial reduction in traction resistance of the gun.

Since the angle of the knife’s solution β is 35 ... 40 °, which provides the condition for the plants to slide along the edges of the corner cut, weeds fall into cuts on the knives and are removed from the soil with the root. The bending angle of the tooth α = 28 ... 30 ° provides the correct path of the tooth in the soil. When the sharpening angle j is equal to 45 ... 60 °, and the sharpening angle δ equal to 20 ... 30 °, a condition arises that prevents the cutting of weed plants, thereby causing the combing of weeds with the root, and not the cut of the plant. This leads to the removal of plants from the soil with the root and laying on the surface of the field, which negatively affects their re-germination. As soon as the knives rotate to the surface of the field, weeds are discarded from the knives of the rotor discs. This prevents the winding of weeds on the working bodies of the implement.

Claims (1)

A rotary weed cultivating implement containing a frame with support wheels, sequentially mounted in two rows on the frame with the possibility of rotation and four rotary disc batteries connected by chain drives with sprockets mounted on its shafts, a tow hitch, characterized in that in the upper a part of the frame is mounted a mechanism for adjusting the working depth, and each disk has the shape of a flat polygon and consists of rectangular beams mounted on it with a bending angle α = 28 ... 3 0 °, with the front rotor discs, the rays are bent in the opposite direction relative to the rays of the rear rotor discs, the rays have knives with carbon cuts in the end part, which in turn have a solution angle β = 35 ... 40 °, the angle of sharpening the cut j = 45 ... 60 ° and the angle of sharpening the end part δ = 20 ... 30 °, and the sharpening of the cut is made in such a way that during the movement of the knife in the soil, the sharp edge of the cut is located below, while in the upper part of the frame between the front and rear batteries are located connecting them to each other through chain ne gearboxes, with which you can change the gear ratio between the front and rear batteries of the gun within i = 0.25 ... 0.9.

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