RU2545265C2 - Low-profile fighting machine (versions) - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transport.

SUBSTANCE: set of inventions relates to fighting infantry support vehicles. This vehicle comprises engine, transmission and soldiers compartment, engine compartment, one or two separate spaced apart drivers' cabins and fighting compartment composed of flat horizontal body for soldiers to lie thereon. Two drivers' cabins incorporate double control over steering wheel and engine. Fighting compartment is arranged in vertical, sideways and crosswise-torsion directions and has independent cushioning in vertical plane and in lateral directions. Besides, it has hydraulic cylinders for sideways inclination of this compartment. Fighting compartment cover is secured on sides by lengthwise bars in supports and equipped with hydraulic cylinders or electrically driven turn-buckles arranged at the centre on cover side. Note here that said supports have controlled locks. Vehicle incorporate double control over steering wheel and engine. ICE inlet channel houses shutoff element and pyrotechnical pot.

EFFECT: longer life.

8 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to combat vehicles for delivering infantry to a battlefield and supporting it in battle, as well as for repelling enemy ambush attacks.

Known combat tracked and wheeled combat vehicles, see, for example, Russian Pat. No. 2223460 or an Internet resource, BMP-3, BTR-70. The disadvantage of such vehicles is the complete destruction of the crew due to barotrauma when only one anti-tank fan gets enough power. That is why the infantrymen prefer to sit on the armored personnel carriers of armored personnel carriers, infantry fighting vehicles and infantry fighting vehicles, rather than inside them, since hitting just one anti-tank grenade affects the entire personnel inside the vehicle. But being on the armor is extremely dangerous - if a sufficiently powerful high-explosive or fragmentation grenade hits, all the personnel on the armor die, not to mention its insecurity from shelling from small arms.

In order for the armored car to really protect personnel, it must be small so that it is difficult to get into it, especially in motion. Reservation of the machine must withstand those means of destruction that are easy to get into it - bullets with a caliber of up to 12.7 mm and underbarrel grenades with a caliber of 30-40 mm. And the armored car should be small and fast enough so that it was difficult to get into it from the weapons with which it could be knocked out or damaged (anti-tank grenade launchers, recoilless guns). The armored car must also be partitioned, so that even an anti-tank grenade can hit no more than one person.

The objective and technical result of the invention is to increase the security of the crew and increase survivability in battle.

This machine has a completely unusual layout, which can be called "low profile." It has an engine compartment, one or two separate cabs of drivers of minimum height with dual controls spaced apart on the sides or along the machine and the fighting compartment, which is a flat horizontal body with a height of only 0.5 m, in which the soldiers are lying, with their heads in one direction or in different (loopholes are on both sides).

The combat compartment is mounted movably in the vertical, lateral and transverse-torsional directions and has independent suspension in the vertical plane and in the lateral directions, due to which the fighters in it are in a state resembling gyrostabilization - road irregularities hardly affect them. Thanks to this cushioning, fighters are also well protected from mine explosions.

The specified mounting can be performed exclusively on elastic elements (springs, springs), and can be performed using lever, parallelogram or telescopic elements, but in any case, the mounting has vibration dampers (shock absorbers).

When fired, for example, from a mountain or from the upper floors of a building, the combat compartment can tilt its narrow side toward the enemy. For this, between the fighting compartment and the main body of the vehicle or between the elastic elements of the fighting compartment and the main body of the vehicle there are hydraulic cylinders or electric hoists (threaded rods of variable length with an electric drive).

The general cover of the fighting compartment can open sideways in any direction, thereby protecting the crawling fighters. To do this, it is attached to the sides with longitudinal pins in the lodgements and is equipped with front and rear hydraulic cylinders or electric hoists located on the center side of the lid, and the lodgements have controlled locks (turning them into loops). So that it was impossible to hit the entire crew of the combat compartment with one grenade, it was divided into cells about 65-75 cm wide.

To release the pressure of the explosion from the affected cell of the fighting compartment, the cover of the fighting compartment has knock-out panels attached with a fastening of limited strength. And the bottom of the fighting compartment has two hatches for emergency escape from the compartment. Hatches open sideways in different directions so that you can leave the compartment, hiding behind the hatch.

The meaning of this arrangement is that from the side view, from which they usually shoot a car from a grenade launcher, the combat compartment is a strip only 0.5 m wide, which is almost impossible to get into from a distance of more than 100 m, especially when moving.

If you use sights with fiber optics, then the height of the combat compartment can be reduced to a minimum of 0.4 m, and getting into it from a grenade launcher will be even more difficult.

To evacuate from the firing zone when the engine is damaged, the car has a high-power starter and a high-capacity battery so that the car can travel a certain distance with the help of the starter and the clutch and lower gear engaged.

Another option is also possible - the machine has a shut-off element (faucet, damper, gate) and a pyrotechnic checker in the intake tract of the internal combustion engine.

Such a machine should not be large, it is enough if it is made on the basis of the Gazelle-Ataman car (all-wheel drive version). The capacity of the car is no more than 8 people - two driver-operators and six shooters.

It should be noted one feature of the transmission of the machine - it is desirable that the rear axle is paired. This will increase the combat survivability of the machine (for example, the machine can continue to move with one torn front wheel) and increase the smoothness of the movement of the combat compartment, as uneven soil will be perceived alternately and with half the amplitude.

Figure 1 shows this machine, a side view, figure 2 is a rear view. It consists of a frame 1, an engine compartment 2, two independent cabs 3 on the sides of the machine, an auxiliary transverse-rotary frame 4, on which a flat 6-seat combat compartment 6 is mounted on the springs 5. The fighting compartment is protected from buildup by eight telescopic shock absorbers 7 (you can use serial shock absorbers). The auxiliary frame 4 can be skewed sideways relative to the machine with hydraulic cylinders 8 (serial cylinders can be used). The cover of the fighting compartment 9 is lifted by two hydraulic cylinders 10. The chassis of the machine can be wheeled 11, tracked or combined.

An example of a machine. Suppose an introductory message has been received that a convoy of vehicles will travel along the left edge of the gorge, and an enemy ambush is possible. The soldiers lie in the cells of the fighting compartment 6 head to the left. Cars in the process of moving raise the left edge of the auxiliary frame 4 so that a possible flight of an anti-tank grenade from the mountain takes place at this point along a tangent to the fighting compartment. Thanks to this, it is almost impossible to get into it from a grenade launcher. In the event of a fight, fighters fire from machine guns from the loopholes of their cells, and one or both driver-operators fire from their weapons, for example, from 30-mm grenade launchers mounted on the roof of their compartments.

If hit in the fighting compartment, only one fighter will be hit. If one driver-operator gets into the cab, the second driver-operator will continue to control the machine. If it gets into the engine compartment, the car will be able to get out of the firing zone with the help of a high-power starter and a high-capacity battery operating in the lower gearbox of the gearbox, or the driver will block the inlet of the engine with a gate and turn on the pyrotechnic checker. If the power shaft and the engine camshaft have not lost their ability to rotate (that is, if they are not jammed), then the pressure from the burning pyrotechnic checker enters the cylinders and rotates the engine. The pyrotechnic checker can be designed for 200-300 m of horizontal path, plus some more distance you can drive on the battery and starter. This may be enough to overcome the area being shot through.

Claims (8)

1. Low-profile combat vehicle containing an engine, transmission and premises for fighters, characterized in that the vehicle has an engine compartment, one or two separate driver’s cabs located on the sides or along the vehicle, and a combat compartment, which is a flat horizontal body in which the fighters are lying down. 2. The machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the fighting compartment is mounted movably in the vertical, lateral and transverse-torsional directions and has its own suspension in the vertical plane and in the lateral directions. 3. The machine according to claim 2, characterized in that the said mount is made exclusively on elastic elements (springs, springs) or is made using lever, parallelogram or telescopic elements, and in any case, the mount has vibration dampers. 4. The machine according to claim 1, characterized in that between the fighting compartment and the main body of the machine or between the elastic elements of the fighting compartment and the main body of the machine there are hydraulic cylinders or electric hoists. 5. The machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the lid of the fighting compartment on the sides is fastened with longitudinal pins in the lodgements and is equipped with front and rear hydraulic cylinders or electric hoists located on the center side of the lid, and the lodgements have controlled locks. 6. The machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the cover of the fighting compartment has knock-out panels fastened with a fastening of limited strength, and the bottom of the fighting compartment has two hatches for emergency exit of the compartment. 7. Low-profile combat vehicle containing an engine, transmission and facilities for fighters, characterized in that it has dual control of the steering wheel and engine. 8. Low-profile combat vehicle containing an engine, transmission and rooms for fighters, characterized in that the vehicle has a shut-off element (faucet, shutter, gate) and a pyrotechnic checker in the intake tract of the internal combustion engine.

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