RU2388987C1 - Self-propelled artillery joined weapon - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: weapons and ammunition.

SUBSTANCE: self-propelled artillery joined weapon comprises militant and working bodies, propellers with power drives and support-link device. The main armament, complex for control of firing from it and ammunition are installed in militant body, and tower of working body accommodates places of crew members and light armament. Working body is installed on basic frame of automobile chassis and is equipped with armored cabin and inspection holes for mechanic-driver, tower with circular rotation in horizontal plane with places for other crew members and manholes for their boarding and exit. Militant body is installed onto four-wheel single trolleys equipped with propeller, with the possibility of rotation in horizontal plane due to mechanism of steering control from duplicating place of mechanic driver with blocking in case of spontaneous turn in process of control from militant body cabin. Power drive for back trolley is arranged as lightened and is controlled from duplicating place of militant body.

EFFECT: reduced weight of weapon, capacity of power drive and reduced fuel consumption without reduction of endurance range.

2 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of defense technology, in particular to the object of articulated armored vehicles of self-propelled weapons with ammunition of separate loading.

Known 152 mm self-propelled howitzer 2S19 "MSTA-S" (see the popular science magazine "Technique and armament" No. 6, 1996, page 29, JSC "Avia Cosmos"), containing a chassis, a tower mounted with a circular rotation in 360 ° horizontal plane, slewing ring on the chassis. The control department and the weapons department have a single working space and are located in the chassis and turret. In the bow of the chassis is the place of the driver, the rest of the crew are in the tower, where the main armament is installed. Engine and gearbox with 840 hp engine located in the stern. The running gear consists of a caterpillar mover and a suspension containing a torsion shaft, a balancer, a balancer axis with a support roller, a hydraulic shock absorber, an emphasis. In the specified facility, 4 people are in the combat compartment, and one in the control compartment. The swinging parts of the guns are located in the center of the tower on the longitudinal axis from the transverse part to its floor. The fighting compartment is equipped with a filter ventilation unit (FVU). The fuel system serving the main engine provides a range of 500 km. The total mass of the equipped car is 42 tons.

The disadvantages of this design are:

- the large weight of the machine as a whole, since the caterpillar mover consists of a large number of nodes and parts;

- the rear location of the motor-transmission compartment and, as a result, a long kinematic connection in the form of a lever system located over the entire length of the object;

- a large number of crew;

- finding the majority of the crew in the fighting compartment, where the projectile charges to the shells and the shells are located, is undesirable for its vital functions;

- the absence of an armored partition reduces the safety of the crew;

- difficult crew interaction and transfer of control functions from one to another,

- lack of retractable supports that increase stability when firing.

Known self-propelled artillery mount "Dana" with a 152 mm gun on a chassis with a wheel formula of 8 × 8 ("Jane, s armor and artillery. 1998-99", p. 658-661). The machine is made on the basis of the chassis components of the Tatra 815. In the front of the machine there is a control compartment for two workplaces. In the middle part on the ceiling of the hull, a rotary support device for an armored turret with an outward-mounted gun and a loading mechanism is installed. In the case on the bottom there are mechanized laying for a shell and a propellant charge with a total number of 40 rounds carried. The turret, depending on the angle of vertical rotation of the gun, can be either with a sector rotation or circular rotation in the horizontal plane: for example, when shooting from closed positions, the turret rotation is ± 45 °, and when firing direct fire it is ± 225 °. At the rear of the hull is a 345 hp engine. The machine is equipped with a HLF and an air conditioning system. The curb weight of the object is 28 tons. The range of fuel is 600 km. In addition, the machine has a mechanism for turning off the suspension of the casing relative to the ground in the form of supporting suspension plates with a diametrical form of contact (support) on the ground in the amount of 4 pieces so that two are installed in the stern and two in the middle of the machine.

The disadvantages of this design are:

- insufficient engine power with the curb weight to move on very rough terrain;

- the sector of fire from a closed position when turning the turret is less than the sector when shooting direct fire;

- the location of the main engine in the rear of the car;

- the design of the outriggers does not allow to increase the reference dimension and ensure the stability of the machine when firing;

- the external arrangement of the gun leads to depressurization of the reserved internal volume when transferring the shot to the loading line from the ammunition located in the case;

- Small own combat set of shots to the gun;

- the location of the propellant charges to the shells in the fighting compartment does not ensure the vital functions of the crew;

- the basic components of a foreign-made automobile chassis do not allow the use of a chassis with a frame structure and increase layout solutions.

Known object of armored vehicles - the design of the tank (see BIPM No. 1, 2005, application for invention No. 2003106114/02), consisting of two types of parts connected by a hitch, each of which has an engine and chassis. Heavy weapons are located in the warhead of the tank, and the crew and light weapons are in the other. Management of warheads is carried out through the coupling unit or remotely. The warhead is made reckless with the possibility of turning the gun and raising it with vertical aiming at an angle of up to 90 °. Each part of the tank, combat and crew, are equipped with front and rear coupling units. The crew cabin is airtight, with a filter ventilation system and air chemicals.

The disadvantages of this design are:

- a drive with an internal combustion engine and its servicing nodes are installed on both parts of the tank, which is unfavorable for combat packs;

- the angle of rotation of the gun in the horizontal plane is small;

- a part of a tank with heavy weapons cannot leave the battlefield on its own;

- reckless line-up of the object does not allow to place the necessary ammunition in the armored compartment to increase the transport of ammunition, for example, large-caliber, and at the same time, the transfer of the shot to the gun’s loading line with the subsequent depressurization of the hull is structurally complicated

- the lack of a sliding base plate does not allow to increase the rate of fire.

The closest to the claimed invention in terms of essential features is the object of articulated armored vehicles (application for invention No. 2007113106/02, priority date 04/09/2007), consisting of two bodies, caterpillar movers and power drives for them, as well as a fifth wheel coupling through which arms control is carried out. The working building has crew members' jobs and light weapons, and the combat building has the main weapons, a fire control complex, transportable ammunition, which are controlled manually from the working building through the opening of the slewing ring or remotely. Both cases are made with towers mounted on the rotary support devices of the chassis.

The disadvantages of this design are:

- the location of the power drive in the stern of the working housing reduces the number of layout decisions on the placement of working equipment;

- a large number of parts and assemblies in the caterpillar mover leads to an increase in the weight of the machine;

- the dimensions of the caterpillar mover reduce layout decisions on the placement of nodes and systems in the reserved volume along the length on both sides of the machine.

The problem to which the invention is directed is the creation of a self-propelled artillery articulated installation on a wheeled chassis using, for example, the domestic KAMAZ-6560 basic automobile chassis with an 8 × 8 wheel arrangement and single-wheel wheels with an armored cab for the driver . At the same time, the design and layout solutions are most favorable for the life of the crew in combat conditions without compromising the performance characteristics. The technical result of the invention consists in reducing the weight of both bodies of articulated armored vehicles, reducing the power of the power drive and, as a result, reducing fuel consumption without reducing the range.

The claimed technical result is achieved by the fact that the self-propelled artillery articulated installation contains at least two cases on a wheeled mover, of which the worker is mounted on the frame of a domestic basic automobile chassis, for example, KAMAZ-6560 with an 8 × 8 wheel arrangement and single-wheel wheels with armored a cab for the driver, and the second one is mounted on four-wheeled carts with single-wheel wheels so that the two front ones with the ability to perform a turning maneuver and two rear wheels connected Transmissions and lightweight drive powerplant, wherein the front part arranged redundant driver's seat locked to the case of spontaneous rotation motion when managing a combat shell and the hatch for landing and exit. In the middle and aft part there is an arms compartment with a large-caliber artillery installation and ammunition. At the same time, the track of single-wheel wheeled carts at the combat building is increased in comparison with the working case from its longitudinal axis by the width of the tire in both directions. On the working building, the control compartment is mounted in a circular rotation tower in a horizontal plane with fastening, the commander’s seat and the gunner’s seat with hatches for landing and landing are installed on the ceiling part, and on the combat building the weapon compartment is made in the ceiling of the circular rotation tower in a horizontal plane for installation the main armament, with a machine gun mounted in the bow, and shots with a delivery and loading system installed in the aft.

In addition, remote base plates with a diametrical form of contact with the ground are installed on the combat hull in the stern and in the front part on its lateral sides. The total number of extension plates is 4, and they themselves are designed so that the bracket with the support part can be rotated in a horizontal plane when installed in the working position, and the support plates that turn off the suspension of the warhead due to the telescopic drive are rotatable by 180 ° from marching to working in a vertical plane due to a lever system controlled by the drive.

A trapezoid with articulated mobility of each side is used as a fifth wheel. The base of the trapezoid is mounted aft symmetrically to the longitudinal axis of the working body, the sides of the trapezoid are balanced and kinematically connected by an exhaust mechanism that ensures shape retention after disengaging the working and combat wheeled chassis.

In a self-propelled artillery articulated installation, a new set of structural elements, as well as the presence of connections between them, is carried out due to:

- execution of buildings with towers mounted on rotary devices with the ability to synchronously rotate the towers of both buildings in a combat position;

- installation of the working case on the KAMAZ-6560 domestic automobile chassis with an armored cab, which allows using it without additional alteration as a control car, since the main engine is located under the cab and, as a result, reducing the length of the control levers for kinematic connection of the engine with the transmission box;

- a layout solution and installation on the warhead in the bow of the backup seat for the driver, and in the stern - lightweight drive of the power plant for the wheeled propulsion and transmission, in the middle part - the separation of weapons with a large-caliber artillery installation;

- increasing the gauge for the combat corps, as well as the installation of remote base plates with the possibility of their removal to the side beyond the envelope, increasing the stability of the articulated combat corps in the stowed position and when firing;

- implementation of the fifth wheel in the form of a two-tier trapezoid with articulated mobility of each side, which allows reliable connection of the housings, as well as distantly control locking and ensure the reliability of the device when driving over rough terrain;

- protection of the two-story trapezoid with an armored casing, which eliminates the ingress of fragments, dirt, etc.

The essence of the proposed technical solutions is illustrated by drawings.

Figure 1 - General view of the object of self-propelled articulated armored vehicles in the stowed position, left view.

Figure 2 - General view of the object of self-propelled articulated armored vehicles at the firing position, top view.

Self-propelled artillery articulated installation, such as a howitzer (see Fig. 1, 2), contains two bodies: a worker 1 and a battle 2. The working case 1 and the battle case 2 are connected by a supporting coupling device 3. The cases are made on a wheeled chassis 4 for the first and 5 for the second building. The working housing 1 is mounted on the frame 6 from the base domestic automobile chassis 7, for example, KAMAZ-6560 with an 8 × 8 wheel arrangement and single-wheel wheels. An armored cabin 8 with inspection hatches 9 in front of the cabin and 10 on the sides of the cabin is installed on frame 6.

The combat housing 2 is mounted on the front biaxial wheel bogie 11 and the rear biaxial wheel bogie 12. Moreover, the track 13 of these bogies (FIG. 3) is two tire wider than the track 14 of the base chassis 7. On the slewing-rotator 15 of the working case 1 (FIGS. 1, 2), a tower 16 is installed with circular rotation in the horizontal plane to place the commander 17 and gunner 18 in it. The commander has light weapons in the form of a machine gun 20. On the hatch 19 of the commander. installed tower 22 with cru by rotating in the horizontal plane for the location of a large-caliber artillery gun 23 in it and the transportable ammunition 24. In the bow of the warhead 2 there is a backup seat 25 with a locking device (not shown) with a hatch for the driver. In the aft part there is a lightweight power drive 26 for driving a wheel mover of the rear bogie 12. In addition, remote base plates 27 and 28 with a diametrical plane of contact with the soil are mounted on the fighting body 2. Each remote base plate 27 and 28 is made so that the brackets 29 are mounted on the housing 2 with the possibility of rotation in a horizontal plane to the side from the outer side of the housing itself due to the drive 30. At the opposite end of the bracket mounted supports 31 and 32 with the possibility of rotation in the vertical the plane due to the actuator 33, and for contacting with the ground, the supports are extended using telescopic drives 34. The gun 23 is mounted in the stowed position using the stowaway mechanism 35.

The device operates as follows:

Self-propelled artillery artillery mount, such as a howitzer, goes to the firing position. In the stowed position, the artillery gun 23 is fixed using the stowaway mechanism 35, the inspection hatches 9 and 10 are raised and secured relative to the cab 8. The external support plates are lifted, deployed and secured by fastening elements (not shown) relative to the housing 2. To transfer the object from the stowed position in combat, inspection hatches 9 and 10 in the cabin 8 are automatically closed and locked and the stopper removed from the artillery gun 23 located in the travel mounting mechanism 35. The extension plates are unlocked, the bracket 29 it is pushed to the side against the hull element of the combat hull 2, then the plates on the bracket are turned towards the ground and due to the drive 34, the supports 31 and 32 are lowered to the ground, automatically turning off the sprung suspension system of the fighting hull 2. At the time of firing, the force action from the recoil the barrel of the artillery gun 23 is transmitted to the ground through the supports 31 and 32, bypassing the chassis suspension of the housing 2. After the firing is completed, the supports 31 and 32 are automatically raised and set to the stowed position. The barrel of the gun fits into troystve mount 35 and locked. Self-propelled artillery articulated installation leaves the firing position without destroying the road surface. The layout solution allows you to place any control module on any car chassis of the required capacity. If an enemy shell hits one of the hulls, the hull will be automatically uncoupled, the crew will be able to leave the position on the surviving hull.

At present, individual units have been manufactured that have passed stationary tests.

Claims (2)

1. A self-propelled artillery articulated installation containing a combat and working corps, propulsion units with a power drive and a tow hitch, while the main armament, a fire control complex from it and ammunition are installed in the combat corps, and crew members are located in the tower of the working corps and light weapons, which are controlled through the fifth wheel or remotely, characterized in that the working case is mounted on the base frame of the car chassis with a wheel formula of 8 × 8 and is equipped with an integrated cockpit and inspection hatches for the driver, a turret with horizontal rotation in the horizontal plane with places for the rest of the crew and hatches for their landing and exit from the tower, and the combat hull is mounted on four-wheeled single-track carts equipped with a mover, with two rear carts installed in the rear of the hull, and two front trolleys in the front of the hull, equipped with a backup seat of the driver, with the possibility of rotation in the horizontal plane due to the steering mechanism with oak trolley seats with a lock in the event of a spontaneous rotation when driving from the cockpit of the combat corps, and the power drive for the rear bogie is lightweight and is controlled from the backup location of the combat corps. 2. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that at least four remote brackets with support plates are installed on the combat hull, two of which are located in the stern and two in the front of the hull, while the brackets with support plates are rotatable in the horizontal plane when installed in the working position, and the base plates that turn off the suspension of the combat housing due to the telescopic drive are made with the possibility of a 180 ° turn from the stowed position to the working one in the vertical plane due to directed by the lever system drive, and the contact of the base plates with the ground when firing is located outside the longitudinal sides of the hull.

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