RU2543665C2 - Method of controlling undesirable herbaceous vegetation of class dicotyledones - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to agricultural microbiology, in particular to protection of plants against invasive and perennial weed vegetation of class Dicotyledones. The suspension is used on the basis of vegetative mycelium of phytopathogenic micromycetes with chemical herbicides in sublethal doses. The plants are treated by spraying an aqueous solution of the herbicide with the active substance of glyphosate, and suspension of mycelium of foma-like fungi. Treatment is carried out at all stages of plant development, first with herbicide at the flow rate by glyphosate active substance of 0.02-0.32 kg/ha, then by a suspension based on mycelium fragments of foma-like fungi in a concentration of from 25 to 100 g/l. The consumption rate of the working fluid is from 50 to 300 l/ha. The proposed method enables to reduce 1.5-10 times or more the chemical load on the ecosystem, 1.5-4 times the infectious load (concentration of phytopathogenic fungi mycelium).

EFFECT: method can be applied at all stages of plant development, without requiring additional protection of the cultivated crop.

10 tbl, 5 ex

Description

The invention relates to agricultural microbiology, in particular to the protection of plants from invasive and weed vegetation by successive application at the beginning of a chemical herbicide in sublethal doses, and then a suspension based on the vegetative mycelium of phytopathogenic Thomas-like micromycetes.

A known method of controlling dicotyledonous (class Dicotylédones) invasive and perennial root weed plants is the method of treatment with chemical herbicides (State Catalog ..., 2012 [7]). However, the negative consequences of the use of chemical herbicides, as well as the emergence of resistant populations of such plants adversely affect the ecology and lead to a decrease in the effectiveness of this method.

As an alternative to chemical herbicides for the control of hardly eradicated, dominant weed species, preparations based on phytopathogenic fungi are considered the most promising (TeBeest, 1996; Gasich and Berestetskiy, 2007 [24, 4]). Their advantages include environmental safety, high specificity, aftereffect duration, as well as the possibility of sharing with certain chemicals and phytophages (Leathers et all., 1993; Gressel, 1997 [21, 19]). However, the range of biological agents being developed to combat such dicotyledonous (Dicotylédones class) plants is limited (Berestetskii, Sokornova, 2009; De Faria, Wright, 2007 [3, 17]); moreover, their effectiveness is highly dependent on temperature and humidity conditions ( Leathers et all., 1993; Sokornova, 2011; Sokornova, Berestetskiy, 2012 [21, 10, 11]).

Foma-like fungi are a group of phytopathogenic fungi, united by common morphological characteristics and ways of infection of target objects, which currently includes the genus Phoma, Phomopsis, Stagonospora, etc. (Boerema et al., 2004 [14]). Suspension based on mycelium fragments of Thomas-like micromycetes is environmentally safe and in most cases is aggressive mainly to species of one family of dicotyledonous plants (Kungurtseva et al., 2006; Gasich et al., 2010; Sokornova, 2011 [20, 5, 10] )

A known method of using fragments of mycelium Phoma macrostoma for the control of dicotyledonous plants of the butyx field (Cirsium arvense L.) and medicinal dandelion (Taraxacum officinale FHWigg) (Bailey & Derby, 2006, [12]). Mycelium was obtained on a grain substrate and 100% plant death was observed by introducing crushed, mycelium-grown substrate into the soil at a rate of 1 kg / m ² and high mycelium consumption of 100 mg / ml, which indicates the complexity of use and high drug consumption (Bailey & Derby, 2006, [12]).

The conducted research revealed mikofloristicheskie highly aggressive against creeping thistle {Cirsium arvense L.) strain 163 mikromitcetami Stagonospora cirsii JJ Davis (Berestetskiy, 2005 [1]) and 17.7 mikromitcetami strain Phoma exigua var. exigua sacc. {= Ascochyta sonchi (Sacc.) Grove) (Levitin et al, 2007 [22]), as well as in relation to the Hogweed Sosnowski (Heracleum sosnowskyi Manden.) Strain 1.40 micromycete Phoma complanata (Tode: Fr.) Desm. (Gasich et al., 2010 [5]). It was found that strains of these foma-like micromycetes can form virulent mycelium, which can successfully infect target plants with a 24-hour period of high humidity and lower infectious load than with spore infection (Gasich et al., 2010; Berestetskiy, 2005 [ 5, 1]). It was also shown that these micromycetes have a narrow specialization (Kungurtseva et al., 2006; Gasich et al., 2010; Sokornova, 2011 [20, 5, 10]). However, when using suspensions based on these micromycetes in the field, the observed application efficiency was strongly dependent on temperature and relative humidity, and also required high concentrations of mycelium fragments in the suspension (Berestetskii, 2005; Gasich et al., 2010; Sokornova, 2011 [ 1,5,10]).

Glyphosate is a non-selective systemic herbicide used primarily to control perennial weeds of the Dicotylédones class. It is used by spraying vegetative weeds in spring or summer (subject to crop protection) at a flow rate of 25-200 l / ha. Included as active ingredient in the preparations Tornado, Tornado 500, Alaz, Default, Dominator, Fozat, Fighter, Pan, Cosmic, Glyphor, Glyphos, Glyphos Premium, Octopus, Torch, Argument, Ground, Sangli, Zero, Total, Round, Typhoon , Glider, Gliterr, Glyph Alt, Zeus, Cayman, Hurricane Extra, Octopus Extra, etc. The concentration of the active substance in preparations used in the field is from 360 to 540 g / l (State ..., 2012 [7]). Thus, when glyphosate is used against dicotyledonous perennial root weed and invasive plants, 13.5 to 108 kg / ha is introduced.

A known method of combating Cirsium arvense L., adopted as a prototype, in which a suspension was used based on the mycelium of the pathogenic fungus Stagonospora cirsii Davis, obtained on a grain substrate or sucrose-soybean medium, at a concentration of 75 mg / ml together with a chemical herbicide based on glyphosate in concentrations of 0.1-0.4 mg / ml (Sokornova, 2011 [10]). The consumption rate in the prototype is from 200 to 1000 l / ha. Moreover, the biological efficiency was close to 100%. However, the considered method requires a greater consumption of a chemical herbicide and an infectious load of the fungus, which leads to a greater chemical load on the ecosystem, leads to an increase in the production of mycelium and complicates the use of the suspension by spraying. Moreover, the prototype did not study the selectivity of this application. At the same time, the considered method can be, as well as in the prototype, applied at all stages of plant development.

The objective of the invention is to increase the efficiency of the method of controlling invasive and perennial root crops of the class Dicotylédones, by using environmentally friendly means based on the vegetative mycelium of foma-like fungi with minimal doses of the herbicide and the concentration of mycelium.

The problem is solved by a method consisting in spraying plants with an aqueous solution of a herbicide with the active substance glyphosate and a suspension of mycelium of foma-like fungi with a surfactant, characterized in that the treatment is carried out at all stages of plant development, sequentially, first with a herbicide, at a rate of glyphosate for the active substance 0.02-0.32 kg / ha, and then a suspension based on fragments of mycelium of foma-like mushrooms, containing as a surface-active substance (surfactant) - Tween-80 or Silwet L-77, and the following ratio comrade, wt.%:

Fragments of mycelium of Thomas-like mushrooms 2,5-10 (at an initial concentration of at least 0.5 × 10 ⁶ CFU / g) Twin 80 or Silwet L77 0.05 - 0.2 Water rest,

however, the flow rate of the working fluid is 50-300 l / ha.

With a sequential method of application at the beginning of a chemical herbicide based on glyphosate, and then a suspension based on crushed mycelium of foma-like mushrooms, the effectiveness of the action is increased against all dicotyledonous plants within the families confined to phytopathogens whose mycelium is part of the suspension.

The practical application is illustrated by the following examples, which indicate the high efficiency of this method of combating dicotyledonous unwanted vegetation, which allows to reduce the chemical load on the ecosystem and demonstrates selective action within the family.

Example 1. The influence of the sequence of application of a chemical herbicide and suspension based on the mycelium of a foma-like fungus on the degree of damage to the terrestrial part of dicotyledonous plants: Cirsium field and Hogweed Sosnowski

Virulent mycelium of Thomas-like fungi strain 163 S.cirsii, or strain 17.7 Ph. exigua var. exigua, go strain 32.121 Ph.complanata was obtained on sucrose-soybean medium (Sokornova, Berestetskiy, 2007; Gasich et al., 2010; Sokornova, 2011 [23, 5, 10]). The mycelium thus obtained, together with the remains of the nutrient medium, was ground with a Braun MR 6550 BC-HC-M blender for 40 seconds at 10,000 rpm. The resulting "uterine" suspension based on fragments of mycelium of foma-like fungi contained viable units of at least 0.5 × 10 ⁶ CFU / g (table 1). Then this suspension was diluted with a solution of 0.01% Tween 80 to a final concentration of mycelium fragments of 0.5 × 10 ⁴ CFU / g (10% solution).

The number of viable units was determined by conventional mycological methods (Methods, 1982 [8]).

The pathogenicity of mycelium was assessed by the area of necrosis on leaf disks (Berestetskiy et al., 2007 [13]).

A solution of the chemical herbicide Tornado BP (the active substance is glyphosate) was prepared by diluting the concentrate (initial concentration 360 g / l) to a concentration of 0.2 g / l. Working solutions were applied by spraying plants in the rosette phase at a flow rate of 60 ml / m ² for both the herbicide and the fungus suspension. In the sequential application of the treatment by spraying was carried out in a row, without time intervals. The effectiveness of plant damage was evaluated by the area of leaf necrosis on the 7th day after processing in the field at an average daily temperature of 20-25 ° C and 65-85% relative humidity.

As can be seen from table 2, the most significant defeat of the dicotyledonous target plants (Cirsium field and Sosnowski cowberry) was observed with successive application of a chemical herbicide, then a suspension based on mycelium of foma-like micromycetes. At the same time, the area of damage to the leaves of the Cirsium arvense with successive use of a suspension based on fragments of S. cirsii mycelium and a glyphosate-based chemical herbicide is 95%, which is comparable with the prototype, but with a decrease in the concentration of mycelium in suspension by 25%, and glyphosate in a working chemical solution herbicide, more than 10 times (Sokornova, 2011 [10]). As can be seen from table 2, the sequential use significantly increased the effectiveness of the method of application, which opened up the possibility of using other types of foma-like mushrooms in this method while reducing the consumption rate.

Example 2. The nature of the interaction of glyphosate and mycelium of foma-like mushrooms when used successively in relation to dicotyledonous plants: Cirsium field and Sosnovsky

The basis for the working solutions was prepared as in Example 1. Then it was diluted to the concentrations given in Table 3, 4, 5. The flow rate of working solutions and environmental conditions were, as in example 1. The plants were treated in the outlet phase by spraying sequentially, without time intervals: glyphosate in a concentration of 0 to 0.54 g / l, then a suspension based on mycelium of foma-like micromycetes concentrations of 0, 12, 5, 25 and 50 g / l.

As can be seen from table 3, the synergistic effect with the sequential use at the beginning of the chemical herbicide Tornado BP (the active substance is glyphosate), and then a suspension based on the mycelium of strain 163 S. cirsii, is observed when the concentration of glyphosate in the active substance is 0.05 and 0, 1 g / l at a mycelium concentration of 25 and 50 mg / ml, which allows to obtain efficacy in the field of an artifact close to that observed in the prototype (90 and 94%), with a decrease in glyphosate concentration by a factor of 6 and a mycelium concentration of 1.5 and 2 times compared to the prototype. As can be seen from table 4, close to 100% efficiency against the invasive plant of the hogweed Sosnowski is observed with the sequential use of the chemical herbicide Tornado BP (the active substance is glyphosate), and then suspensions based on the mycelium of strain 32.121 Ph.complanata. In this case, the concentration of the chemical herbicide is 10 times lower, and the mycelium concentration is 1.5 and 2 times lower than in the prototype. As can be seen from table 5, close to 100% efficacy against the field of artifact is observed with successive use at the beginning of the chemical herbicide Tornado BP (the active substance is glyphosate), and then suspensions based on the mycelium of strain 17.7 Ph. exigua var. exigua. The concentration of the chemical herbicide is 1.5 times lower, and the concentration of mycelium is 2 and 4 times compared with the prototype. In the case of a chemical herbicide, the concentration is more than 100 times lower than recommended for combating these types of undesirable vegetation (State ..., 2012 [7]).

An analysis of the effectiveness of the consistent use of chemical and biological products is assessed by achieving a synergistic effect. A synergistic effect is manifested when the effect of the active ingredients of the combination of compounds exceeds the total (additive) effect of the active components used individually. A classical calculation of the expected effects of a combination of two herbicides (We) was proposed by Colby and is carried out according to the following formula:

We = (100-X _A) + (XB-100) / 100

where X _{A is the} exposure during treatment with herbicide A at a rate of application equal to p _A , expressed as a percentage, Xb is the exposure during treatment with herbicide B at a rate of application equal to p _B , expressed as a percentage (Colby, 1967 [16]).

The magnitude of the expected exposure is compared with the magnitude observed with the combined use of the herbicides A and B at the same consumption rates of the components p _A and p _B , respectively. For this, the interaction level R is calculated as the ratio of the expected and observed effects. According to Colby, additive interaction occurs at R = 1, synergism is observed at R> 1, and antagonism at R <1. However, biological systems are characterized by a wide scatter of parameters; therefore, it is generally accepted for them that synergism is significant at R> 1.5, and antagonism at R <0.5. Accordingly, for R values from 0.5 to 1.5, the interaction is considered as additive (Gisi et all., [18]).

All suspensions based on mycelium of Foma-like fungi are compatible with the chemical herbicide glyphosate in sublethal doses. Moreover, with sequential use of glyphosate at the beginning, then a composition based on mycelium of foma-like mushrooms in relation to the target dicotyledonous plants, a synergistic effect is observed, leading to comparable efficacy with the prototype while reducing the consumption rates of the chemical preparation and mycelium in suspension.

Example 3. The sequential use of a chemical herbicide based on glyphosate and suspension based on fragments of mycelium of foma-like micromycetes at boundary and transcendent values of the components

Suspension based on mycelium of Thomas-like fungi: strain 163 S. cirsii, or strain 17.7 Ph. exigua var. exigua, or Phcomplanata strain 32.121 , and a glyphosate-based chemical herbicide working solution were prepared as in Examples 1, 2. Dicotyledonous plants in the rosette phase were sprayed at an average daily temperature of 20-25 ° C and 65-85% RH by spraying at a flow rate 60 ml / m ² at the beginning with the Lontrel herbicide (active ingredient glyphosate 360 g / l), then with a suspension based on fragments of the mycelium of the fungus. As can be seen from table 6, with a minimum consumption of glyphosate-based herbicide (0.02 kg / ha for active ingredient), 20 times less than in the prototype, and the concentration of the suspension based on mycelium is 25% higher than in the prototype, the area necrosis is 15% higher than when applying a suspension based on mycelium of foma-like mushrooms without a chemical herbicide in the prototype, and 25% lower than when using a 20 times higher chemical load. The maximum concentration of a chemical herbicide and the concentration of mycelium in suspension according to this invention are comparable with the prototype and lead to 100% damage to plants.

A decrease in the lower limit concentrations (transcendental concentrations) of a chemical herbicide and (or) mycelium in suspension leads to low efficiency (the area of leaf necrosis is less than 20%) and can initiate the resistance of target plants to glyphosate-based chemical herbicides. The use of the consumption of a chemical herbicide with the active substance glyphosate above the maximum limit, without increasing efficiency, leads to an expansion of the range of affected cultivated plants, to an increase in the chemical load on the ecosystem. Increasing the concentration of mycelium in suspension above 100 mg / ml does not increase efficiency, and therefore leads to an unreasonable increase in the consumption of mycelium. In addition, due to an increase in the density of the suspension, clogging of the spray nozzle may occur.

Example 4. The selectivity of the method of sequential use of a chemical herbicide and suspension based on mycelium of foma-like fungi

A suspension based on mycelium of Foma-like fungi and a working solution based on a glyphosate-based chemical herbicide were prepared as in examples 1, 2. An assessment of the selectivity of the method of using the chemical herbicide and suspension based on the mycelium of strain S.cirsii 163 or strain 17.7 Ph. exigua var. exigua, or Phcomplanata strain 32.121, was performed on the area of necrosis during sequential treatment by spraying plants in the rosette phase at the beginning of the suspension. The rating "+++" corresponds to the area of leaf necrosis from 75 to 100%, "++ -" corresponds to the area of leaf necrosis from 50 to 75%, "+ - " corresponds to the area of leaf necrosis from 25 to 50% and "--- "less than 25%. As can be seen from tables 7, 8, 9, the consistent use of a chemical herbicide based on glyphosate and suspension based on the mycelium Phcomplanata, S. cirsii and Ph. exigua var. exigua does not increase the number of plant families of the Dicotylédones class affected by the fungus, but expands the spectrum of affected plants within the family. As can be seen from tables 7, 8 and 9, the sequential use of a chemical herbicide (target substance glyphosate) and a suspension based on the mycelium of strain 163 S. cirsii, or strain 17.7 Ph. exigua var. exigua also allows, with efficiency comparable to the prototype, to fight against such weeds as gray thistle and pink thistle, and suspensions based on Phcomplanata strain 32.121 with two species of giant cow parsnip (Heracleum mantegazzianum Somm. et Levier, H. sosnowskyi Manden). Thus, the effectiveness of the composition based on the mycelium of foma-like mushrooms on dicotyledonous plants increases, and the selectivity does not change, which allows using the above method to deal with a large number of types of undesirable herbaceous vegetation. In the prototype and its analogues, this parameter was not considered.

Example 5. The consumption of a working solution of a suspension based on mycelium of foma-like fungi in a sequential method of applying a chemical herbicide and mycelial suspension

A suspension based on the mycelium of strain 163 S. cirsii, or strain 17.7 Ph. exigua var. exigua, or strain and 32.121 Phcomplanata working solution based Tornado chemical herbicide (active ingredient glyphosate concentration of 360 g / l) was prepared as in Example 1. In Example mycelial suspension was used in a concentration of 25 g / l, containing 0.2% solution Surfactant Silwet L-77. The concentration of the target substance glyphosate in a solution based on the chemical tornado herbicide was 0.2 g / L. For this, the tornado was diluted with distilled water by successive dilution 1800 times.

Since the target plants have different sizes of the ground part at different phases of development, moreover, the giant hogweed trees considered in this invention are different in that their ground part reaches 3 meters (Practical Guide ..., 2013, [9]), the required volume of working solutions calculated in such a way that the suspension was drip distributed over the entire surface of the leaves. In the experiment we treated plants of a field cactus in the rosette phase (average plant height 10 cm) at a density of 9 plants / m ² , field creeper in the flowering phase (average plant height 25 cm) at a density of 4 plants / m ² and Sosnowski cowberry in the flowering phase ( average plant height 1 m 20 cm) at a density of 4 plants / m ² . As can be seen from table 10, when manually spraying with a manual sprayer STIHL SG 10 (Germany), the consumption of working solutions resulting in the death of plants was 50 l / ha for the field butyok and 300 l / ha for the Sosnowski hogweed.

A method for controlling difficultly eradicated unwanted dicotyledonous vegetation, such as perennial root weed plants (Cirsium arvense (L.) Scop. SI (= C. setosum (Willd.) Besser ex M. Bíeb.), C. incanum (SGGmel.) Fisch .), Sonchus arvensis L.) and invasive plants, in particular giant cow parsnip (Heracleum mantegazzianum Sornm. Et Levier, H. sosnowskyi Manden and H. persicum Desf.), Can reduce the chemical load on the ecosystem by 1.5 - 10 times, infectious load (concentration of mycelium of phytopathogenic fungi) in 1.5-4 times in comparison with the prototype. The method can be applied at all stages of plant development, without requiring additional protection of the cultivated crop.

Table 1. The output of mycelium of Thomas-like fungi and its pathogenic properties when cultured for 3 days on sucrose-soybean medium

Table 3. The nature of the interaction of glyphosate and mycelium S. cirsii with successive use in relation to the dicotyledonous plant, Cirsium arvense L.)

Table 4. The nature of the interaction of glyphosate and mycelium P.complánala when applied successively to the dicotyledonous plant of Sosnowski hogweed (Heracleum sosnowskyi Manden.)

Table 6. Consistent use of a glyphosate-based chemical herbicide and suspension based on mycelium fragments of foma-like micromycetes at boundary values of glyphosate and mycelial suspension

,

,

Table 10. Consumption of a working solution of a suspension based on mycelium of foma-like mushrooms with a sequential method of applying a chemical herbicide and mycelial suspension

References

1. Berestetskiy A.O. Efficiency of strains of various types of fungi and inoculation methods for biological control of field artifact // Phytosanitary improvement of ecosystems: materials of the II All-Russian Congress on Plant Protection. Wildebeest wildebeest St. Petersburg, 2005.Vol. 2.P. 136-138.

2. Berestetsky A.O., Kungurtseva OV The effect of moisture content of the grain substrate on the pathogenic properties and survival of the mycelium Stagonospora cirsii // Mycology and Phytopathology. 2012. No. 4. Volume 46.P. 280-286.

3. Berestetsky A.O., Sokornova C.B. Obtaining and storage of biopesticides based on micromycetes // Mycology and Phytopathology. 2009.Vol. 43, No. 6. P. 473-489.

4. Gasich E.L., Berestetskiy A.O. The effect of long-term storage on the stability of strains of micromycetes, promising for biological control of Cirsium arvense // Mycology and Phytopathology. 2007. V. 41, No. 4. S. 342-347.

5. Gasich E.L., Khlopunova LB, Berestetskiy A.O., Sokornova SV. Mushroom strain Phoma complanata (Tode) Desm. 1.40 (VIZR), which has herbicidal activity against the hogweed Sosnowski. Patent RU 2439141 Cl dated 10/06/2010, 9 pp.

6. Gasich E.L., Khlopunova LB, Berestetskiy A.O., Sokornova CB Strain of the fungus Phoma complanata (Tode) Desm. 1.40 (VIZR), which has herbicidal activity against the hogweed Sosnowski. Patent RU 2439141 Cl dated 10/06/2010, 9 pp.

7. The state catalog of pesticides and agrochemicals approved for use on the territory of the Russian Federation and its amendments (2012) (http://mcx.ru/docimients/document/v7_show/23396.285.htm).

8. Methods of experimental mycology. Reference / ed. IN AND. Beat it. - Kiev: Naukova Dumka, 1982, 550 p.

9. A practical guide to combat giant cow parsnip / ed. Schnielsen, G.P. Ravn, V. Nentvig, M. Wade, ed. Forest & Landscape Denmark, Hoersholm Kongevej 11, DK-2970 Hoersholm, Denmark, sl@kvl.dk, 44 p. www.giant-alien.dk

10. Sokornova SV. Biological justification for the creation of a mycogericide based on the pathogenic fungus Stagonospora cirsii: author. dis. for a job. scientist step. Cand. biol. sciences; GNU All-Russian Research Institute of Plant Protection of the RAAS. St. Petersburg, 2011.18 s.

11. Sokornova CB, Berestetskiy A.O. The influence of temperature and humidity conditions on the infection of the bodyguard with field mycelium of the pathogenic fungus Stagonospora cirsii Davis // Modern Mycology in Russia. Materials of the 3rd Congress of Mycologists of Russia. M .: National Academy of Mycology. 2012. Volume 3. P. 396.

12. Bailey K.L., Derby J.A. Fungal isolates and biological control compositions for control of weeds. US 2006/0084574 Al.

13. Berestetskiy AO, Fyodorova AF, Kustova SV A laboratory technique for the evalution of pathogenicity of Septoria cirsii for Cirsium arvense // XV Congress of European mycologists, 2007, p, 242,

14. Boerema G.H., de Gruyter J., Noordeloos M.E., Hamers M.E.C. Phoma identification manual, CABI Publishing, 2004, 470 ρ.

15. Boyette CD., Hoagland R.E., Weaver M.A. Interaction of a bioherbicide and glyphosate for controlling hemp sesbania in glyphosate-resistant soybean // Weed Biology and Management 2008. Vol. 8. P. 18-24.

16. Colby S.R. Calculating Synergistic and Antagonistic Responses of Herbicide Combinations // Weeds. 1967. Vol. 15, No. 1. P. 20-22.

17. De Faria M.R., Wright S.P. Mycoinsecticides and Mycoacaricides: A comprehensive list with worldwide.coverage and international classification of formulation types // Biological Control 2007. Vol. 43. P. 237-256.

18. Gisi U., Binder H., Rimbach Ε. Synergistic interactions of fungicides with different modes of action // Trans. Br. Mycol. Soc. 1985. Vol. 85, Iss. 2. P. 299-306.

19. Gressel J., Amsellem Z., Michaeli S.D., Sharon A. Synergized mycoherbicides for resistance management // Weed and crop resistance to herbicides / eds. R. De Prado, J. Jorrín, L. García-Torres. - Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers. 1997. P. 267-273.

20. Kungurtseva OV, Sokornova SV, Berestetskiy AO Host range of the bioherbicidal fungus, Stagonospora cirsii and its formulations // International Conference; Development of Environmentally Friendly Plant Protection; Piihajârve, Estonia, September 5-7, 2006. - Tartu: Eesti Taimekaitse Selts, 2006 .-- P. 33.

21. Leathers T.D., Gupta S.C., Alexander N.J. Mycopesticides: status, challenges and potential / // J. Ind. Microbiol. 1993. Vol. 12, No. 2, p. 69-75.

22. Levitin M., Berestetsky Α., Bilder I., Gagkaeva T., Gannibal Ph., Gasich E., Khlopunova L. Pathogenic micromycetes of Cirsium arvense and selection of species for biological control // Best practice in disease, pest and weed management. The state of the art; Proceedings of an international symposium held at Humboldt University, Berlin, Germany, 10-12 May 2007 / eds. D.V. Alford, F. Feldmann, J. Hasler, A. von Tiedemann. Alton: BCPC, 2007. P. 94-95 (Symposium proceedings, No. 82).

23. Sokornova SV, Berestetskiy AO (2007) Production of virulent mycelial inoculum of Stagonospora cirsii Davis by liquid state fermentation. Proc. XV Congress of European Mycologists, SPb, Russia, September 16-21, 2007. SPb: TREEART LLC, p. 204-205.

24. TeBeest D.O. Biological control of weeds with plant pathogens and microbial pesticides // Advances in Agronomy; Vol. 56 / ed. D.L. Sparks. - San Diego: Academic Press, 1996. P. 115-137.

Claims (1)

A method for controlling undesirable grassy plants of the Dicotyledones class by treating plants by spraying an aqueous solution of the herbicide with the active substance glyphosate and a suspension of mycelium of foma-like fungi with a surfactant, characterized in that the treatment is carried out at all stages of plant development sequentially, first with a herbicide at a rate of application of the active substance glyphosate 0.02-0.32 kg / ha, and then a suspension based on fragments of mycelium of foma-like fungi containing Tween-80 or Silwe as a surfactant t L-77, and the following ratio of components, wt.%:
Fragments of mycelium of Thomas-like mushrooms
(at an initial concentration of at least 0.5 × 10 ⁶ CFU / g) 2,5-10 Twin-80 or Silwet L-77 0.05-0.2 Water rest,
however, the flow rate of the working fluid is 50-300 l / ha.