RU2538126C1 - Device using combined method of dielectric liquids treatment - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: electricity.

SUBSTANCE: device incorporates a body with inlet and outlet branch pipes. The body has a spiral-shaped flowing channel with permanent square area of circular cross-section, which final part is entered to the outlet branch pipe. In the outlet branch pipe there are collecting electrodes installed perpendicular to liquid flow and made as metal plates shaped as per cross-section of the outlet branch pipe with openings located within the whole surface of electrodes or with one opening near the electrode edge. At assembly the openings in neighbouring electrodes are located diametrically opposed and circular partitions of dielectric material are placed between the electrodes. The collecting electrodes are connected to high-voltage source with alternated potential sign. In the outlet branch pipe there is multiple electrode for preliminary charging of particles in the treated liquid. The plane of electrodes is placed along liquid flow and electrodes are also connected to high-voltage source with alternated potential sign. Along the outer generatrix of the flowing channel there are several slots, for example, three, which are connected through the whole their length to the channel intended for discharge of impurities.

EFFECT: invention allows increasing degree of dielectric liquid treatment.

2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to a device for cleaning liquid media from a denser dispersed phase and can be used in mechanical engineering in systems for cleaning oil, oil and fuel of transport internal combustion engines.

Known centrifugal oil cleaner [1], comprising a housing, a cover and a rotor mounted in the housing on bearings and provided with nozzles in the lower part. The rotor has an electric drive, made in the form of an electric motor with a gearbox, and is placed on the cover.

The disadvantage of this centrifugal oil scrubber is the low efficiency of the oil refining process, mechanical losses in the gearbox, large mass and dimensions, high manufacturing costs, as well as the limited life of the oil scrubber and increased energy consumption [1].

Known centrifugal pump [2], designed for pumping liquids with abrasive inclusions, such as oil, and having hydrostatic bearings (GP), lubricated by the pumped liquid. The centrifugal pump contains a housing with an outlet pipe (VP), a shaft with impellers, which is installed in the support nodes. The latter include GP, the working cavities of which are connected to the VP of a centrifugal pump through a liquid purification device. And this device is installed in the upper part of the VP, connected to it through a series of holes and consists of a housing with a cover. The internal volume of the housing is divided by a partition into the input cavity and the storage chamber (PC). The inlet cavity is connected on the lower side to the pump cavity through openings in the VP and to the LC through the gap between the partition and the cover. NK in the upper part has holes through which it is hydraulically connected to the GP and has deflectors installed at the holes, which are connected to the shell above the holes and on the sides of the holes. The lower edge of the deflectors is located below the level of the holes and the baffle.

The disadvantages of this device are: increased hydraulic resistance, low productivity, low throughput.

Known electric centrifugal liquid cleaner [3], comprising a housing with a fixed hollow axis, on which a rotor with bearings and having nozzles is worn. A face electric motor is built into the cleaner, consisting of a stator with an axial bearing, which is mounted on the end of the stationary axis of the cleaner and mounted on a protective shell connected to the housing, as well as a disk rotor mounted on the end of the cleaner rotor. The stator and rotor of the electric motor are separated by a hydrophobic protective partition and axial clearance.

The disadvantage of this cleaner is that it does not provide a high degree of purification of the liquid.

Known axial centrifugal motor pump [4], designed for pumping liquids. It contains an outlet device-snail and an outlet pipe.

The disadvantage of this device is that it does not provide for the possibility of separation of solid impurities from the liquid.

To increase the degree of purification of liquids, various settling tanks are also used, as, for example, in an installation for the separation of immiscible liquids [5].

However, their common disadvantage is very low productivity.

A device for cleaning liquid from impurities [6] is known, in which a liquid is supplied to a settling tank, separation of impurity particles under the influence of volumetric (gravitational and Archimedean) forces, and removal of purified liquid and impurities. The liquid supplied to the tank is distributed through separators, which are packages of elements with channels, the total passage area of which is greater than the area of the tank passage section. The process of distributing the liquid in the container through packets of elements is combined with the removal of impurity particles by redistributing the particles of impurities in the volume of the separators to the zone of removal of impurities from the container.

The disadvantage of this device is its large mass and dimensions.

As a prototype, a device for cleaning liquid [7] was selected, which contains a housing with inlet and outlet nozzles, a spiral-shaped flow channel with a constant value of circular cross-sectional area, the terminal part of which is brought out to the outlet pipe, and a slot is made along the outer generatrix of the flow channel for removal of impurities, connected along the entire length with the channel for removal of impurities.

The disadvantage of this device is the insufficient degree of purification of the liquid.

The technical result of the claimed invention is to increase the efficiency of liquid purification in one cycle.

The essence of the inventive device with a combined method of purification of dielectric liquids is that the device comprises a housing with inlet and outlet nozzles, the housing having a spiral-shaped flow channel with a constant value of circular cross-sectional area, the terminal part of which is brought out to the outlet nozzle, characterized in that the outlet pipe perpendicular to the fluid flow has precipitation electrodes made in the form of metal plates in the shape of the cross section of the outlet pa cutting with holes over the entire surface of the electrodes or with one opening at the electrode edges when assembling holes in adjacent electrodes are arranged diametrically opposite, and between annular electrodes mounted partitions of dielectric material, wherein the collecting electrodes are connected to a high voltage source with alternating sign of the potential; in the inlet pipe there is a block of electrodes for preliminary charge of particles in the liquid to be cleaned, the plane of the electrodes being located along the liquid flow and the electrodes are also connected to a high voltage source with alternating potential signs; several slots are made along the external generatrix of the flow channel, for example, three slots connected along the entire length with the channel for removing impurities.

What is new is that in the inlet pipe there is a block of electrodes for preliminary charge of contaminant particles in the liquid to be cleaned, which contributes to their cohesion with each other at different signs of charges on them, their enlargement, and an increase in centrifugal force when the path is curved. In addition, the electrodes in this block are installed along the flow, and not across, which reduces hydraulic resistance, increases the time spent by the particles of contaminants in the electric field (electrodes can be made longer than with limited transverse space).

Several slots are made along the external generatrix of the flow channel, and not one, which increases the area of the passage section of these slots, and therefore, increases the number of impurity particles that get there under the action of centrifugal forces. The removal of impurities from the liquid through these slots is the first step in cleaning the liquid from mechanical particles.

As is known, centrifugal purification of a liquid does not provide a high degree of this purification. Therefore, to increase the purity of cleaning, precipitation electrodes are installed in the outlet pipe, which carry out electrical cleaning (post-treatment) of this liquid. Precipitation electrodes are the second stage of purification. Together, the first and second stages form a comprehensive purification of dielectric liquids from mechanical impurities.

We have not identified sources containing information on technical solutions, including the entire set of features of the invention, which allows us to conclude that it meets the condition of novelty.

We have not found sources of patent documentation and scientific and technical literature describing information about the influence of the distinctive features of the device on the achieved technical result. The technical solution does not explicitly follow from the prior art, i.e. inventive step meets the condition.

Figure 1 shows a view of the inventive device with a combined method of purification of dielectric liquids in section along the axis of the output channel, along the line BB-B of figure 2, figure 2 is a view of the device in section aa of figure 1.

A device with a combined method of purification of dielectric liquids contains a housing 1 with input 2 and output 4 nozzles (Fig.1, 2). Inside the housing, a spiral-shaped flow channel 3 is made with a constant cross-sectional area value connecting the inlet 2 and outlet 4 pipes. The flow channel 3 is brought out to the outlet pipe 4 tangentially. In the inlet pipe 2 there is a block of electrodes 13 for pre-charging mechanical particles in the liquid being cleaned. To remove the separated impurities along the external generatrix of the flow channel 3 of the device, several slots 5 are made (for example, three slots are taken, which are shown in Fig. 1), connected to the channel for removing impurities 6, through which the separated particles of impurities are output to an external receiver (not shown) . The size of the slots is determined by the maximum size of the solid particles of impurities, which a device with a combined method of purification of dielectric liquids should be able to drain. Channel 6 removal of impurities is connected to an external receiver through a regulating device 7, configured to change the cross-sectional area of channel 6 at the installation site. The adjusting device 7 allows you to change the flow rate of the separated liquid and mechanical particles from the channel 6 of the removal of impurities to an external receiver, which controls the degree and quality of cleaning in the first stage. The increase in the number of slots 5 more than one allows you to pass through a larger number of particles of impurities than to increase the efficiency of the first stage of the device. The first stage, which uses centrifugal forces to clean the liquid, usually cleans the liquid from sufficiently large particles. Smaller particles remain in the liquid. Therefore, to ensure a higher degree of purification, the second stage, electrical cleaning, was introduced. To this end, metal electrodes 9 are placed in the outlet pipe 4, repeating in plan a cross-sectional shape of the outlet pipe. Holes are made in these electrodes either uniformly over the entire area or one hole is made in each electrode close to the edge (as shown in FIG. 1). When assembling the holes in the adjacent electrodes are diametrically opposed. The electrodes 9 are placed on the protrusion 8, placed in the pipe 4. Between adjacent electrodes are located ring gaskets 10 of dielectric material. For electrical isolation of the electrodes from the device casing, a dielectric strip 11 is inserted into the pipe 4 over the entire height of the electrodes. The electrodes are connected to a high voltage source 12 with alternating sign of potential. In the same way to the power source is connected to a block of pre-charging particles of contaminants 13.

A device with a combined method of purification of dielectric liquids works as follows.

Liquid under pressure is supplied to the inlet pipe 2. Here it flows along the electrodes of the block of pre-charging particles of impurities, which, when the electrodes are touched, receive a charge from them. But since the electrodes have different potentials, the particles will be charged from the electrode that they touched. The difference in their charges leads to the fusion of particles with each other (different charges are attracted), enlargement of particles, which increases the centrifugal forces acting on them in the first stage of purification, increasing the number of separated particles, i.e. the cleaning efficiency in the first stage increases. After the pre-charging unit 13, the liquid enters the spiral-shaped flow channel 3. Since the flow channel 3 has a curved shape, centrifugal forces will act on the liquid and particles of impurities suspended in it. Under the influence of these forces, a density distribution of liquid particles and impurity particles occurs in the cross section of channel 3. In this case, particles of mechanical impurities and liquid impurities having a density greater than the density of the main stream will be pressed to the outer side of the spiral-shaped flow channel 3. Such impurity particles, reaching the walls of the channel 3 from the outer side of the spiral and continuing its movement along the channel 3, through the cracks 5 fall into the channel 6 of the removal of impurities. Moving along the channel 6, the impurity particles are discharged to an external receiver through the adjusting device 7. By changing the cross-sectional area at the installation site of the regulating device 7, a change in the throughput of the channel 6 is achieved, which leads to a change in the number of impurity particles discharged through their exhaust channel 6 from the device, and therefore, to a change in the degree of purification. The control device is adjusted to the maximum degree of fluid purification. This is the first stage of purification. For a higher degree of purification, the liquid, partially purified at the first stage, enters the outlet pipe 4, where it flows through the holes of the precipitation electrodes 9. Since a high voltage is applied to these electrodes with an alternating sign of the potential, contamination particles will settle on these electrodes and will additional purification of the dielectric fluid is provided. This will be the second stage of cleaning. Electric cleaning allows you to clean dielectric fluids to much higher degrees of purity than centrifugal cleaning.

The combination of two cleaning methods - centrifugal and electric, allows you to clean dielectric fluids to a high degree of purity.

The claimed technical solution meets the condition of patentability, because is new, has an inventive step and is industrially applicable.

Information sources

1. USSR author's certificate No. 1321853 of 04/17/1985.

2. Patent for the invention of the Russian Federation No. 2339848 "Centrifugal pump". Date of publication: 2008.01.27.

3. Patent for the invention of the Russian Federation No. 2268769 "Electrocentrifugal liquid cleaner." Date of publication: 2006.01.27.

4. Patent for the invention of the Russian Federation No. 2284426 "Axial centrifugal motor-pump". Date of publication: 2003.10.27.

5. RF patent for invention №2253500 "Installation for the separation of immiscible liquids." Date of publication: 2005.06.10.

6. Patent for the invention of the Russian Federation No. 2225741 "Method for removing impurity particles from a liquid." Date of publication: 2004.03.20.

7. Patent for the invention of the Russian Federation No. 2404839 "Device for cleaning liquid". Date of publication: 2010.11.27 - prototype.

Claims (1)

A device with a combined method of purification of dielectric liquids, comprising a housing with inlet and outlet nozzles, the housing having a spiral-shaped flow channel with a constant value of circular cross-sectional area, the terminal part of which is discharged into the outlet nozzle, characterized in that precipitation settles in the outlet nozzle perpendicular to the fluid flow electrodes made in the form of metal plates in the form of a cross section of the outlet pipe with holes over the entire surface of the electrode or a single orifice at the electrode edges and in the assembly opening in the adjacent electrodes are arranged diametrically opposite, and annular partitions of dielectric material, wherein the collecting electrodes are connected to a source of high voltage with alternating sign of the potential established between the electrodes; in the inlet pipe there is a block of electrodes for preliminary charge of particles in the liquid to be cleaned, the plane of the electrodes being located along the liquid flow and the electrodes are also connected to a high voltage source with alternating potential signs; several slots are made along the external generatrix of the flow channel, for example, three slots connected along the entire length with the channel for removing impurities.

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