RU2388516C1 - Electric cleaner with spiral electrodes - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: process engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to cleaners of dielectric fluids and gases of admixtures and impurities. Proposed electric cleaner comprises casing with covers on its end faces. Fluid feed and discharge unions are screwed into said covers. Precipitation electrodes are arranged inside aforesaid casing. One side of said electrodes is flat while the other one has walls arranged perpendicular to electrode plane to form spiral in plane view. Two adjacent walls and electrode plane, on walls side, form spiral-like channel running from electrode edge to its center (or on the contrary) to make hole in the electrode flat part. Arrangement of holes alternates as follows: at the center of one electrode, and on the edge of the other electrode. Baffles are also furnished with holes. In assembly, holes in baffles and those in electrodes are opposed, while baffle forms the fourth side of spiral channel to make it closed. Spiral channels of every electrode are interconnected via holes.

EFFECT: higher efficiency of cleaning of dielectric fluids and gases of impurities.

2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to a device for cleaning dielectric liquids and gases from mechanical impurities and contaminants.

Known electric cleaner of dielectric liquids and gases [1], including a housing and precipitation electrodes with slots. The electrodes and dielectric partitions are made circular in plan and have through slots made on a part of a circle of constant radius in the planes of these electrodes and partitions.

The disadvantage of this electric cleaner is that the electrodes are made flat and with a uniform arrangement of slots, which makes the residence time of a unit volume of liquid (gas) in the electric field of the electrode short, and therefore, the capture and deposition of mechanical particles from this volume are rather weak.

Known electric cleaner of dielectric liquids [2], consisting of a housing, restrictive plates, a package of precipitation electrodes, dielectric spacers with jumpers, nozzles for supplying and discharging the cleaned liquid (gas). Precipitation electrodes are made in the form of round metal plates with holes. Dielectric gaskets are also round and have holes. The electrodes and gaskets in assembled form are parallel to each other, which also makes finding the volume of liquid (gas) in the field of action of the precipitation electrode short in time, and the process of capturing and deposition of mechanical particles from this volume is ineffective.

Closest to the invention is an electric dielectric fluid purifier [3], including a housing and precipitation electrodes, made in the form of metal plates with slots forming channels for the passage of liquid, and equipped with baffles of dielectric material.

The disadvantage of this cleaner is that structurally its precipitation electrodes are made flat, which makes the time spent by the trapped particles in the electric field of the electrode very short and does not contribute to the quality of cleaning the liquid (gas) from mechanical impurities.

The essence of the invention lies in the fact that the electric cleaner with spiral electrodes has precipitation electrodes made in the form of metal plates in the form of a housing in plan, between which are located flat partitions made of dielectric material. On the one hand, the precipitation electrodes are made flat, and on the other hand they have walls perpendicular to the electrode planes and forming spirals in a plan view. Two adjacent walls and the plane of the electrode (bottom) from the side of the walls form a spiral channel in plan with three sides (the fourth side is open), going from the edge of the electrode to its center (or vice versa) and ending with a hole in the flat part of the electrode (bottom), and the location of these holes alternates: at one electrode - in the center, at the other - on the edge. In the same way, holes are made in flat partitions made of dielectric material located between the electrodes. When assembling the holes in the partitions and in the bottoms of the electrodes should be opposite to each other, and the partitions are superimposed on the ends of the walls from the open side and form the fourth side of the spiral channel, making it closed. The spiral channels of each electrode are connected to each other through holes in the electrodes and partitions and form a continuous channel from the input to the output of the electric cleaner.

And since this channel has a length several times greater than the diameter of the electrode and tens (or even hundreds) times longer than the thickness of the electrode, therefore, the interaction time of the electric field of each electrode with a mechanical particle in the cleaning fluid moving along the channel sharply increases , which leads to a greater likelihood of deposition of this particle on the electrode. Each electrode on the side has an insulating gasket so that there is no short circuit between the housing and the electrode, and is connected to a high-voltage direct current source, and adjacent electrodes are connected to different poles. The surface of each electrode, on the side of the spiral channel, is covered with a thin insulating layer so that the particles do not stick to this surface after deposition on it.

Thus, the proposed design of the electrodes allows, by increasing the length of the path of movement of captured mechanical particles and, therefore, the time of their interaction with the electric field of the electrode, to increase the likelihood of capture of these particles by the electrode, i.e. increase the efficiency of cleaning dielectric fluid (gas) from mechanical impurities.

Comparative analysis with the prototype shows that the inventive electric cleaner differs in the shape of the electrodes: flat - on the one hand, and having open spiral channels - on the other hand.

Thus, the inventive electric cleaner meets the criteria of the invention of "novelty." An analysis of the known technical solutions in the studied area allows us to conclude that there are no signs in them that are similar to the essential distinguishing features in the inventive electric cleaner, and to recognize it as meeting the criterion of "significant differences".

The use of all new features allows you to:

- increase the path length of each mechanical particle, along with the liquid being cleaned, many times over the electrode surface, and thereby increase the time of interaction of the particle with the electric field of the electrode, and, therefore, increase the probability of particle capture by the electrode, which, as a result, increases the cleaning efficiency dielectric fluid from mechanical impurities.

Figure 1 shows the proposed electric cleaner (longitudinal section), figure 2 - electrode from the side of the spiral channels in the plan. The electric cleaner consists of a housing 9 of a cylindrical (or any other) shape, electrodes 4, between which partitions 3 of dielectric material are located. Each electrode on the side surface of the bottom has an insulating ring 5, which prevents electrical breakdown between the electrode and the housing. From one end of the case, inside it, a ring 10 is placed to preload the package of electrodes and partitions during assembly. Also, during assembly, the electrodes and partitions are arranged so that the holes in them are opposite each other.

During assembly, the electrodes can be installed in the same position (the walls of the spiral channels are directed in one direction) or in different directions, for example, half of the electrodes in one position and the other half in another position (as shown in figure 1), or alternate through one, two, etc. electrodes. But, at the same time, a consistent connection of the spiral channels of each electrode with each other should be ensured. At the ends, the body of the electric cleaner is closed by covers 2 and 6. The inlet fitting 7 and the outlet fitting 1 are screwed into the covers, respectively. In the first electrode from the output, this hole 11 is made in the center of the electrode, and in the second electrode, hole 12 is made on the edge.

Each electrode is connected to a direct current source 8 of high voltage, and adjacent electrodes are connected to different poles. An electric cleaner with spiral electrodes works as follows. The dielectric fluid to be cleaned enters through the nozzle 7 into the electric cleaner (under the cover 6) and then through the hole in the partition 3 with the central hole, to the first electrode from the inlet, which also has a central hole in the bottom, which is the beginning of the spiral channel on this electrode. The fluid through the Central hole of the electrode enters the spiral channel, flows through it (as shown in figure 2, only against the direction of the arrows, i.e. from hole 11 to hole 12). Since the spiral channel is formed by the bottom (bottom of the electrode), the side walls and the partition from the open side, there is no other way for the liquid than the spiral channel. Since this electrode is connected to the “+” power source, when the fluid moves along the spiral channel, mechanical particles will settle on its side walls and the bottom, i.e. the liquid will be cleaned of mechanical impurities. So that the particles deposited on the electrode surface do not detach from it, all electrode surfaces from the side of the spiral channels are covered with a thin insulating layer.

The spiral channel on this (first from the entrance) electrode ends with a “dead end” formed by the side walls of the channel. But since the fourth side of the channel is formed by a dielectric partition, in which there is a hole opposite the “dead end”, and in the next electrode the hole in the bottom is opposite the hole in the partition, the liquid from the first electrode enters through the aforementioned holes into the second (from the input) electrode, into where the peripheral hole (near the edge) is the beginning of the spiral channel and through which the fluid will flow, as shown by the arrows in figure 2. Mechanical impurities will also be deposited on the walls of this electrode, as the electrode is connected to a “-” DC. Next, the liquid enters the third electrode through the holes in the center of the dielectric partition and the bottom of the third electrode, passing through a spiral channel and being cleaned of mechanical particles. Then it enters the fourth electrode, etc.

Since the length of the spiral channel is many times longer and the time spent by the particles in the electric field is longer than when flat electrodes with holes are used, the degree of purification of the dielectric fluid also increases sharply. The purified liquid flows through the fitting 1 in the cover 2.

Information sources

1. RF patent No. 2108869 for the invention of "Electric purifier for dielectric liquids and gases." Priority of invention: January 10, 1996

2. Certificate for the invention of the USSR No. 1695987 "Electric cleaner of dielectric liquids." Priority May 22, 1989

3. RF patent No. 2145524 for the invention of "Electric purifier of dielectric liquids." Priority from 10.01.1996

Claims (1)

An electric cleaner with spiral electrodes, including a housing with two covers and fittings for entering and exiting them, precipitation electrodes made in the form of metal plates in the shape of the housing in plan, between which there are flat partitions made of dielectric material, and the precipitation electrodes are connected to a source of high voltage alternating the sign of the potential, characterized in that the precipitation electrodes are flat on one side and have walls perpendicular to the electric plane on the other kind and forming spirals in a plan view, while two adjacent walls and the electrode plane (bottom) from the side of the walls form a spiral-shaped channel with three sides (the fourth side is open), going from the edge of the electrode to its center (or vice versa) and ending with a hole in the flat part (bottom) of the electrode, while the location of the holes alternates: at one electrode in the center, at the other at the edge, the holes in the flat partitions of dielectric material located between the electrodes are made in the same way, moreover and the assembly of the holes in the partitions and at the bottoms of the electrodes are opposite each other, and partitions, overlapping the ends of the walls from the open side, form the fourth side of the spiral channel, making it closed, and the spiral channels of each electrode are connected to each other through holes in the electrodes and partitions , forming a continuous channel from the entrance to the output of the electric cleaner.

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