RU2404839C1 - Water treatment device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: process engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates devices intended for purification of fluids from higher-density dispersed phase and can be used in machine building in oil and fuel cleaning systems of ICE. Proposed device comprises casing with inlet and discharge branch pipes. Said casing has scroll flow channel with invariable cross section area with its tail part terminated at discharge branch pipe. Impurity discharge slot communicated with impurity discharge channel is made along outer generatrix of flow channel.

EFFECT: higher efficiency and reliability, reduced power consumption due to lower drag.

2 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to a device for cleaning liquid media from a denser dispersed phase and can be used in mechanical engineering in oil, oil and heavy fuel oil treatment systems for transport internal combustion engines.

Known centrifugal oil cleaner (SU 1321853 A1, IPC F01M 11/03, 1/10 1985 [1]), comprising a housing, a cover and a rotor mounted in the housing on bearings and provided with nozzles in the lower part. The rotor is equipped with an electric drive made in the form of an electric motor with a gearbox and placed on the cover.

The disadvantage of this centrifugal oil scrubber is the low efficiency of the oil refining process, mechanical losses in the gearbox, large mass and dimensions, high manufacturing costs, as well as a shorter oil scrubber life and increased energy consumption [1].

Known centrifugal pump according to patent No. 2338848 (IPC F04D 7/04, F04D 29/047, F04D 29/70, 2008 [2]), designed for pumping liquids with abrasive inclusions, such as oil, and having hydrostatic bearings (GP), lubricated pumped liquid. The centrifugal pump contains a housing with an outlet pipe (VP), a shaft with impellers, which is installed in the support nodes. The reference nodes include the GP, the working cavity of which is connected to the VP of a centrifugal pump through a device for cleaning liquid. The device is installed in the upper part of the VP, connected to it through a series of holes and consists of a housing with a cover. The internal volume of the housing is divided by a partition into the inlet cavity and the storage chamber (NK). The inlet cavity is connected on the lower side to the pump cavity through openings in the VP and to the LC through the gap between the partition and the cover. NK in the upper part has holes through which it is hydraulically connected to the GP and has deflectors installed at the holes. The baffles are connected to the shell above the holes and on the sides of the holes. The lower edge of the deflectors is located below the level of the holes and the baffle. The invention is aimed at improving the reliability and resource of the GP pump by preventing foreign particles from entering the GP [2].

A disadvantage of the known device is the increased hydraulic resistance, low productivity, since cleaning occurs due to gravitational forces, low throughput.

Known electrocentrifugal liquid cleaner according to patent No. 2268769 (IPC B01D 17/038, F01M 11/03, 2006 [3]), comprising a housing with a fixed hollow axis, on which a rotor with bearings, having nozzles, is mounted. A face motor is built into the cleaner, consisting of a stator with an axial bearing, which is mounted on the end of the stationary axis of the cleaner and mounted on a protective shell connecting to the housing, as well as a disk rotor mounted on the end of the cleaner rotor. The stator and rotor of the electric motor are separated by a hydrophobic protective partition and axial clearance. However, the known cleaner does not provide a high degree of purification of the liquid.

The inventive device does not contain filter elements and has the lowest possible hydraulic resistance and power loss while maintaining the necessary degree of purification.

For pumping liquids, centrifugal pumps of various designs are widely used.

Known axial centrifugal motor pump according to patent No. 2284426 (IPC B01D 17/00, 2007 [4]), designed for pumping liquids. Known centrifugal motor-pump contains an output device-cochlea and an outlet pipe. However, the design of the known device does not provide for the possibility of separation of solid impurities from the liquid.

To increase the degree of purification of liquids, various sedimentation tanks are also used, as, for example, in the installation for the separation of immiscible liquids according to patent No. 2253500 [5]. However, such devices have very low performance.

A device for cleaning liquid from impurities according to the patent No. 2225741 (2004.03.20) [6], adopted as a prototype. According to the invention, the liquid is fed into the settling tank, the particles are separated under the influence of the volumetric (gravitational and Archimedean) forces of impurity particles, and the purified liquid and impurities are removed.

The liquid supplied to the tank is distributed through separators, which are packages of elements with channels, the total passage area of which is greater than the area of the tank passage section. The process of distributing the liquid in the container through packets of elements is combined with the removal of impurity particles by redistributing the particles of impurities in the volume of the separators to the zone of removal of impurities from the container.

A device for removing particles of impurities from a liquid includes a settling tank 1, nozzles for introducing a liquid 2, an outlet for impurities 3 and purified liquid 4, separators 5 from elements 6, which are a wave-like plate. The upper part of the separators 5 is connected by perforated pipes 7 to the distributor 8 with nozzles 9 inserted into the separators 5. The separators 5, which are a package of plates 6, serve to distribute the liquid entering the tank 1 in the volume of this tank and redistribute the impurity particles into the impurity removal and discharge zone purified liquid.

The disadvantage is the large mass and dimensions of the device.

The technical result of the claimed invention is to increase the efficiency and reliability of a device for cleaning liquids, increase cleaning performance and reduce energy consumption by reducing hydraulic resistance.

The essence of the inventive device for cleaning liquid is that the device comprises a housing with inlet and outlet nozzles. At the same time, a spiral-shaped flow channel with a constant value of the circular cross-sectional area, the end part of which is brought into the outlet pipe, is made in the housing. At the same time, a slit for removing impurities is made along the outer generatrix of the flow channel, connected along the entire length with the channel for removing impurities.

The impurity discharge channel is connected to an external receiver, preferably through an adjusting device.

Below are graphic materials explaining the inventive device for cleaning liquid.

Figure 1 shows a view of the inventive device for cleaning liquid in a section along the axis of the output channel, figure 2 is a view of the device in a section aa of figure 1, figure 3 is a view B of figure 2 (enlarged) fragment of the device.

A device for cleaning liquid contains a housing 1 with input 2 and output 4 nozzles (figure 1, 2). Inside the housing, a spiral-shaped flow channel 3 is made with a constant cross-sectional area value connecting the inlet 2 and outlet 4 pipes. The flow channel 3 is brought out to the outlet pipe 4 tangentially.

To remove the separated impurities along the external generatrix of the flow channel 3 of the device, a slot 5 is made, connected to the channel for removing impurities 6, through which the separated impurities are output to an external receiver (not shown) (Fig. 3). The size of the gap is determined by the maximum size of the solid particles of impurities that the device for cleaning liquids should be able to divert. Channel 6 removal of impurities is connected to an external receiver through a regulating device 7, configured to change the cross-sectional area of channel 6 at the installation site. The adjusting device 7 allows you to change the flow rate of the separated liquid and mechanical particles from the channel 6 of the removal of impurities to an external receiver, which controls the degree and quality of cleaning.

A device for cleaning liquid works as follows.

Liquid under pressure is supplied to the inlet pipe 2 and then enters the spiral-shaped flow channel 3. Since the flow channel 3 has a curved shape, centrifugal forces act on the liquid and impurity particles suspended in it.

Under the influence of these forces, a density distribution of liquid particles and impurities occurs in the cross section of channel 3. In this case, particles of mechanical impurities and liquid impurities having a density higher than the density of the main stream are pressed to the outside of the spiral-shaped flow channel 3. Such impurity particles reaching the channel wall 3 from the outside of the spiral and continuing its movement along the channel 3, through the slot 5 fall into the channel 6 of the removal of impurities. Moving along the channel 6, the impurity particles are discharged to an external receiver through the control device 7. By changing the cross-sectional area at the installation site of the control device 7, a change in the throughput of the channel 6 is achieved, which leads to a change in the number of impurity particles discharged from the cleaning device, and therefore to a change in the degree of purification.

The purified liquid enters the outlet pipe 4, from where it is discharged from the liquid purification device.

The relatively large length of the flow channel 3 and the large centrifugal forces acting on the liquid provide a good degree of purification. At the same time, the cross section of the flow channel 3 is constant over its entire length, due to which the device has a significantly lower hydraulic resistance than the prototype, and a significantly greater degree of purification, since centrifugal forces are used to separate the particles.

In the claimed invention, the claimed technical result "improving the efficiency and reliability of a device for cleaning liquid, increasing cleaning performance and reducing energy consumption by reducing hydraulic resistance" is achieved due to the fact that the device for cleaning liquid contains a housing with inlet and outlet nozzles, a spiral-shaped flow channel with constant value of the circular cross-sectional area, the end of which is displayed in the outlet pipe. At the same time, a slit for removing impurities is made along the outer generatrix of the flow channel, connected along the entire length with the channel for removing impurities. The execution of the flow channel in the form of a spiral provides large centrifugal forces, a large length of the flow channel and a high degree of purification.

The spiral-shaped flow channel has a constant cross-section along the entire length, which allows to reduce the hydraulic resistance and ensure high performance of the device.

The inventive device does not contain moving parts, sealing elements and is completely tight. This ensures high reliability of the device in operation.

All these advantages of the inventive liquid purification device can increase its service life.

INFORMATION SOURCES

1. USSR author's certificate No. 1321853 of 04/17/1985.

2. Patent for invention №2339848 CENTRIFUGAL PUMP. Publication date 2008.11.27.

3. Patent for the invention No. 2268769 Electrocentrifugal liquid cleaner. Publication date 2006.01.27.

4. Patent for invention No. 2284426 Axial centrifugal motor-pump. Publication date 2003.10.27.

5. Patent for invention No. 2253500 Installation for the separation of immiscible liquids. Date of publication 10.06.2005.

6. Patent for invention No. 2225741. METHOD FOR REMOVING PARTICLE IMPURITY PARTICLES IN A LIQUID. Date of publication 2004.03.20 - prototype.

Claims (2)

1. A device for cleaning liquid, comprising a housing with inlet and outlet nozzles, characterized in that the device further comprises a spiral-shaped flow channel with a constant value of circular cross-sectional area, the terminal part of which is brought out to the outlet pipe, and a slot is made along the outer generatrix of the flow channel for removal of impurities, connected along the entire length with the channel for removing impurities. 2. The device for cleaning liquid according to claim 1, characterized in that the channel for removing impurities is connected to an external receiver through an adjusting device.

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