SU943267A1

SU943267A1 - Electrocoagulation apparatus

Info

Publication number: SU943267A1
Application number: SU802992001A
Authority: SU
Inventors: Роберт Фарвазович Газизов; Игорь Владимирович Минин
Original assignee: Башкирский государственный научно-исследовательский и проектный институт нефтяной промышленности
Priority date: 1980-09-08
Filing date: 1980-09-08
Publication date: 1982-07-15

Description

Изобретение относится к устройствам для обработки нефтепродуктов, нефти и других органических жидкостей', в электрическом поле и может быть использовано в нефтеперерабатывающей нефтехимической и нефтедобывающей промышленности, в частности при подготовке нефти на промыслах.The invention relates to a device for processing petroleum products, oil and other organic liquids', in an electric field and can be used in the refining petrochemical and oil industry, in particular in the preparation of oil in the fields.

Известен электродегидратор, в котором электроды выполнены в виде группы вертикальных и концентрично расположенных патрубков, входящих в зазоры друг друга, что обеспечивает многоразовый проток эмульсии через электрические поля, что повышает эффективность разрушения эмульсии L 1 ] ·Known electric dehydrator, in which the electrodes are made in the form of a group of vertical and concentrically arranged nozzles included in the gaps of each other, which provides a reusable emulsion flow through electric fields, which increases the efficiency of the destruction of the emulsion L 1] ·

Однако конструкция электродегидратора не обеспечивает надежность работы. Подвешенный блок верхних электродов относительно блока нижних электродов имеет трудно устанавливаемые и нерегулируемые зазоры.However, the design of the electric dehydrator does not provide reliability. The suspended block of the upper electrodes relative to the block of the lower electrodes has hard to install and unregulated gaps.

Малейший перекос вызывает короткое замыкание. Нет возможности разборки _;при очистке.The slightest distortion causes a short circuit. There is no possibility of disassembly _; when cleaning.

Наиболее близким к предлагаемому по технической сущности и конструк⁵ ции является электроочиститель жидкое ти^ содержащий корпус, выполненный в виде набора диэлектрических шайб, образующих пустотелый цилиндр, по ₁₀ внутренней поверхности которого по винтовой линии установлены с возможностью горизонтального перемещения стержневые электроды, а внутри корпуса и соосно ему установлен труб₁₅ чатый электрод с коаксиально закрепленным и изолированным от него электродом в виде натянутой струны E2j.Closest to the proposed technical essence and design ⁵ is a liquid type electric cleaner containing a housing made in the form of a set of dielectric washers forming a hollow cylinder, on the inner surface of which ₁₀ rod electrodes are installed with a possibility of horizontal movement along a helical line, and inside the housing and a _15th electrode with coaxially fixed and isolated electrode in the form of a stretched string E2j is mounted coaxially to it.

Однако при такой конструкции не 20 обеспечивается высокая эффективность разрушения эмульсий, поскольку на эмульсию действует разряд малой мощности с точечных электродов и обработке даже за счет двухкратного прохождения эмульсии подвергается малый объем жидкости. Электрод в виде натянутой струны быстро подвергается коррозии и разрушается.However, with such a design not 20, the high efficiency of the destruction of the emulsions is ensured, since a low power discharge from the point electrodes acts on the emulsion and a small volume of liquid is subjected to processing even due to the passage of the emulsion twice. An electrode in the form of a stretched string quickly corrodes and collapses.

Цель изобретения - повышение эффективности разрушения эмульсии и надежности эксплуатации электрокоагулятора.The purpose of the invention is to increase the efficiency of the destruction of the emulsion and the reliability of operation of the electrocoagulator.

Указанная цель достигается тем, что в прямоточном электрокоагуляторе, корпус которого состоит из диэлектрических шайб, электроды выполнены в виде чередующихся дисков с отверстиями и зажаты между шайбами, в нечетных - отверстия расположены по периферии дисков, а в четных . с отверстием в центре дисков. Площадь сечения отверстий в нечетных дисках равна площади сечения центрального отверстия в четных дисковых электродах. Высота шайб увеличивается от входного патрубка к выходному и определяется по рекуррентной формулеThis goal is achieved by the fact that in the direct-flow electrocoagulator, the body of which consists of dielectric washers, the electrodes are made in the form of alternating disks with holes and clamped between the washers, in odd-numbered holes are located on the periphery of the discs, and in even ones. with a hole in the center of the discs. The cross-sectional area of the holes in the odd discs is equal to the cross-sectional area of the central hole in the even disc electrodes. The height of the washers increases from the inlet to the outlet and is determined by the recurrence formula

Н я н +H i n +

Π Τ1-Ί 5 ^? где Н_п- высота шайбы;Π Τ1-Ί 5 ^? where N _p - the height of the washer;

П = 1, 2, 3...P = 1, 2, 3 ...

Корпус, состоящий из шайб, установлен в кожухе. ³⁰ A housing consisting of washers is installed in the housing. ^thirty

Контакты электродов расположены между корпусом и кожухом.The contacts of the electrodes are located between the housing and the casing.

На чертеже изображен предложенный электрокоагулятор с частичным вырезом корпуса и кожуха для лучшего ³⁵показа конструкции, общий вид.The drawing shows the proposed electrocoagulator with a partial cutout of the housing and the casing for the best ³⁵ showing the design, General view.

Электрокоагулятоо имеет корпус 1, выполненный в виде диэлектрических шайб различной высоты, дисковые электроды 2 с отверстиями на периферии ⁴θ диска, чередующиеся с дисковыми электродами 3 с отверстием в центре, входящий патрубок 4 на крышке 5· Дисковые электроды имеют выведенные за корпус контакты 6, соединенные ⁴⁵контактными шинами 7« Верхняя крышка 5 и нижняя крышка 8 с выходным патрубком 9 стягиваются шпильками 10. Корпус из шайб и контакты из электродов закрыты кожухом 11. ⁵⁰ The electrocoagulable body has a housing 1 made in the form of dielectric washers of various heights, disk electrodes 2 with holes on the periphery of the ⁴ θ disk, alternating with disk electrodes 3 with a hole in the center, an inlet pipe 4 on the cover 5 · Disk electrodes have contacts 6 connected by ⁴⁵ contact bars 7 "The top cover 5 and the bottom cover 8 with the outlet pipe 9 are pulled together by pins 10. The housing of washers and the contacts of the electrodes are closed by a casing 11. ⁵⁰

Электрокоагулятор работает следующим образом.Electrocoagulator works as follows.

Эмульсия через патрубок 4 поступает в корпус и движется по' радиусу омывая электрод 2, к периферийным ⁵⁵отверстиям, а затем к центральному отверстию электрода 3 и т.д., пройдя все электроды, обработанная электк зарякThe emulsion through the pipe 4 enters the housing and moves along the radius washing the electrode 2, to the peripheral ⁵⁵ holes, and then to the central hole of the electrode 3, etc., after passing all the electrodes, the processed electric charge

943267 . 4 рическим полем эмульсия через патрубок 9 направляется на отстой.943267. 4 richesky field emulsion through the pipe 9 is sent to the sludge.

Предложенная конструкция обеспечил вает ламинарный поток жидкости и длительное пребывание эмульсии в электрическом поле, что приводит большей вероятности столкновения женных глобул и в конечном итоге повышению эффективности разрушения эмульсии.The proposed design provides a laminar fluid flow and a long stay of the emulsion in an electric field, which leads to a greater likelihood of collision of the wife globules and, ultimately, an increase in the efficiency of the emulsion destruction.

Установлено, что после прохождения каждой пары электродов размер глобул, воды, деспергированных в нефти, увеличивается на 20%, что увеличивает возможность замыкания между электродами. Чтобы предотвратить возможность пробоя, каждый последующий дисковый электрод устанавливается на большее расстояние за счет увеличения высоты шайб корпуса. Высота каждой шайбы, т.е. расстояние между электродами, рассчитывается по формуле приведенной выше.It was found that after passing through each pair of electrodes, the size of the globules, water dispersed in oil, increases by 20%, which increases the possibility of short circuiting between the electrodes. To prevent the possibility of breakdown, each subsequent disk electrode is installed at a greater distance by increasing the height of the washers of the housing. The height of each washer, i.e. the distance between the electrodes is calculated according to the formula above.

Данная конструкция устройства обеспечивает· многократную обработку эмульсии электрическим полем за счет контактирования с многочисленными электродами большой площади.This device design provides multiple processing of the emulsion by an electric field due to contact with numerous electrodes of a large area.

Надежность эксплуатации и устранение пробоя обеспечивается за счет увеличения расстояния между электродами по мере продвижения эмульсии 'от входного патрубка к выходному на оптимальную величину, которая найдена расчетом и проверена на лабораторном стенде.Reliability of operation and elimination of breakdown is ensured by increasing the distance between the electrodes as the emulsion moves from the inlet to the outlet by the optimal value, which was found by calculation and tested on a laboratory bench.

Надежность механической прочности достигается жесткой фиксацией дисковых электродов между диэлектрическими шайбами. В процессе эксплуатации даже коррозия дисков не приведет к замыканию, что увеличивает надежность эксплуатации устройства.Reliability of mechanical strength is achieved by rigidly fixing the disk electrodes between the dielectric washers. During operation, even corrosion of the disks will not lead to a short circuit, which increases the reliability of the operation of the device.

Положительный эффект предлагаемого электрокоагулятора заключается в повышении степени диэмульсации нефти, в увеличении времени эксплуатации электрокоагулятора, в удобстве эксплуатации (сборная конструкция легко разбирается при ремонтных и очистных работах), а также .в простоте изготовления.The positive effect of the proposed electrocoagulator is to increase the degree of oil demulsification, to increase the operating time of the electrocoagulator, in ease of use (the prefabricated structure is easily disassembled during repair and cleaning operations), as well as in the simplicity of manufacture.

Claims

The invention relates to devices for processing petroleum products, oil and other organic liquids in an electric field and can be used in the petrochemical and petroleum refining industry, in particular when preparing oil for oil fields. A electrode dehydrator is known, in which the electrodes are made as a group of vertical and concentrically disposed nozzles entering into the gaps of each other, which provides a reusable emulsion flow through electric fields, which increases the efficiency of destruction of the emulsion 1. However, the design of the electric dehydrator does not ensure reliable operation. The suspended unit of the upper electrodes relative to the unit of the lower electrodes has difficult to install and unregulated gaps. The slightest bias causes a short circuit. No disassembly possible; when cleaning. Closest to the proposed technical essence and design is an electric liquid cleaner j comprising a body made as a set of dielectric washers forming a hollow cylinder, along the inside surface of which the rod electrodes are mounted with the possibility of horizontal movement, and inside it is coaxially mounted a tubular electrode with a coaxially fixed and insulated electrode in the form of a tension string 1:

2. However, with this design, the efficiency of emulsion destruction is not ensured, since the emulsion is acted upon by the discharge of small power from the point electrodes and even small fluids undergo processing even through the double passage of the emulsion. The tensioned string electro quickly corrodes and collapses. The purpose of the invention is to increase the efficiency of the destruction of the emulsion and the reliability of operation of the electrocoagulator. This goal is achieved by the fact that in a direct-flow electrocoagulator, the body of which consists of dielectric washers, the electrodes are made in the form of alternating disks with holes and are clamped between the washers, in odd ones, we have holes along the periphery of the disks, and even ones with a hole in the center discs, the cross-sectional area of the holes in the odd discs is equal to the cross-sectional area of the central hole in the even disc electrodes. The height of the washers increases from the inlet to the outlet and is determined by the recurrent formula the height of the washer; P 1, 2,

3 ... A housing consisting of washers is installed in the housing. The contacts of the electrodes are located between the housing and the casing. The drawing shows the proposed electrocoagulator with a partial cut-out of the body and casing for a better display of the design, a general view. The electrocoagula has a body 1 made in the form of dielectric washers of different heights, disk electrodes 2 with holes on the periphery of the disk, alternating with disk electrodes 3 with a hole in the center, incoming nipple k on the lid 5- The disk electrodes have contacts 6 out of the body 6 , connected by contact tires 7 "The top cover 5 and the bottom cover 8 with the outlet nozzle 9 are stiffened by pins 10. The case of washers and the contacts of the electrodes are closed by a casing 11. The electrocoagulator operates as follows. The emulsion through the pipe 4 enters the housing and moves along the radius washing the electrode 2, to the peripheral holes, and then to the central hole of the electrode 3, etc., all the electrodes passed, electrically treated, with the 4th field of the emulsion through the pipe 9 sucks. The proposed design provides a laminar fluid flow and a prolonged stay of the emulsion in an electric field, which leads to a greater likelihood of a collision of charged globules and ultimately to an increase in the efficiency of destruction of the emulsion. It has been established that after passing each pair of electrodes, the size of the globules of water dispersed in oil increases by 20%, which increases the possibility of a circuit between the electrodes. To prevent the possibility of breakdown, each subsequent disk electrode is placed at a greater distance by increasing the height of the casing washers. The height of each washer, i.e. the distance between the electrodes is calculated using the formula above. This device design provides multiple emulsion treatment by an electric field by contacting numerous electrodes of a large area. Reliability of operation and elimination of the breakdown is ensured by increasing the distance between the electrodes as the emulsion advances from the inlet to the outlet by the optimum value, which is found by calculation and tested on a laboratory bench. Reliability of mechanical strength is achieved by rigid fixation of the claim electrodes between dielectric washers. In the process of exploitation, even corrosion of the discs will not lead to a short circuit, which increases the reliability of the device operation. The positive effect of the proposed electrocoagulant is to increase the degree of emulsion of the oil, to increase the operating time of the electrocoagulant, to facilitate operation (the prefabricated structure can be easily disassembled during repair and clean work, as well as to be easily manufactured. Invention 1. Electrocoagule put a template. in the form of dielectric washers, MULSII input and output connections, electrodes with contacts,