CN201501846U - Novel crude oil electric dehydration and desalination apparatus based on dielectrophoresis demulsification mechanism - Google Patents
Novel crude oil electric dehydration and desalination apparatus based on dielectrophoresis demulsification mechanism Download PDFInfo
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- CN201501846U CN201501846U CN2009202227921U CN200920222792U CN201501846U CN 201501846 U CN201501846 U CN 201501846U CN 2009202227921 U CN2009202227921 U CN 2009202227921U CN 200920222792 U CN200920222792 U CN 200920222792U CN 201501846 U CN201501846 U CN 201501846U
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- desalination
- dewatering
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Abstract
A novel crude oil electric dehydration and desalination apparatus based on a dielectrophoresis demulsification mechanism. A core portion of the novel crude oil electric dehydration and desalination apparatus is an electrode component, the electrode component can utilize a vertical suspended corrugated plate electrodes, peaks and valleys of two adjacent electrodes correspond one by one, or the corrugated plate electrodes can be in staggered combination and vertical arrangement with surface plate electrodes, and the surface of each electrode is coated with a compact insulating layer. Dispersed phase water particles in crude oil emulsion are in dielectrophoresis coalescence caused by horizontal non-uniform alternating current electric fields generated among the electrode plates after the electrode component is applied with high voltage alternating current. The method and the apparatus can be suitable for requirements of dehydration and desalination of crude oil emulsion with different water contents, and are particularly adaptable to coalescence, fine dehydration and desalination of the dispersed phase water particles in crude oil emulsion in oil refineries, and can reduce usage of chemical demulsifier greatly, decrease total running cost and then increase economic benefit of oil refineries.
Description
Technical field
The utility model belongs to petrochemical complex crude oil electric dewatering, desalting technology field, relate to a kind of novel crude oil electro-dewatering, the equipment of desalination based on dielectrophoresis breakdown of emulsion mechanism, coalescent the growing up and dehydration, desalination that is applicable to the little particle water of disperse phase in the refinery crude oil emulsion, also can be used in the Oil-Gas Field Development Engineering to well head crude oil dewater, desalting treatment, even can be used for occasions such as w/o type emulsion liquid Membrane Separation Technique.
Background technology
Crude oil needs to dewater before refinery advances water distilling apparatus, desalting treatment and make its water ratio be reduced to 0.1%～0.2%, and the mass concentration that makes salt is less than 5mg/L.Salt in the crude oil mainly exists with the form of basic metal and alkaline earth salt, and major part all is dissolved in the contained water of crude oil, and water has formed stable water-in-oil (W/O) type milk sap with oil.Therefore, the crude oil desalting key is dehydration, and the dehydration key is breakdown of emulsion, and desalination and dehydration can be carried out synchronously.The method of dehydrating of crude oil (desalination) has electrostatic coalescence method, settling process, filtration method, membrane separation process, microwave irradiation, sonochemistry method etc., but really the person of being used widely first elects the electrostatic coalescence method in the refinery Production Flow Chart, and corresponding apparatus has electrical dehydrator and electric desalting device two big classes.At present typical electro-dewatering (desalination) device mostly is the horizontal tank structure, and electric field is formed by the battery lead plate applying high voltage.Impressed voltage has 3 types of direct currents, interchange, alternating current-direct current, and wherein voltage of alternating current is most widely used.
Electrostatic coalescence breakdown of emulsion mechanism under the alternating-electric field effect mainly contains that electrophoresis is coalescent, dipole coalescence and dielectrophoresis are coalescent.The coalescent single particle water that has polarity charge that is meant of electrophoresis is in the opposite polarity electrode moving process, be subjected to the resistance of oil-continuous phase on every side and be elongated and deformed, thereby weaken the water-oil interface film strength, it is coalescent finally to cause bumping between the particle water, mainly is applicable to the DC electric field.
For not with for the neutral water particle of polarity charge, influenced by electric field induction and form induced dipole, the charges of different polarity of the sub-two ends of each induced dipole band equivalent, when two induced dipole very near the time, if its abutting end oppositely charged, will attract each other and dipole coalescence takes place; If it is unequal to act on the strength of electric field at the sub-two ends of induced dipole, will produce a net effort towards the strong electric field gradient zone, that is the trend that moves of the oriented strength of electric field maximum position of particle water place, it is coalescent to bump in this process, and it is coalescent that this phenomenon is called dielectrophoresis.Obviously, based on dipole coalescence, it is coalescent then to produce dielectrophoresis in non-homogeneous AC electric field in conventional high pressure AC electric field.
Up to now commercial electrical dehydration (desalination) device center on all that electrophoresis is coalescent to be designed with dipole coalescence breakdown of emulsion mechanism, handle with electrical dehydrator and the disclosed perpendicular extension electrode electric dewatering apparatus for crude oil of Chinese patent ZL 02203973.2 (Granted publication CN 2518865Y) as U.S. Pat 4804453 disclosed many electric fields crude oil emulsions, its electrode structure is plane tabular, revolves the back that adds high pressure and produces uniform electric field.It is coalescent less than electrophoresis that a lot of people think that dielectrophoresis is flocked on the active contribution of electrostatic coalescence, fails it is attached great importance to.Yet what should point out emphatically is, dipole coalescence is actually the coalescent a kind of concrete manifestation form of dielectrophoresis because when two induced dipole very near the time, can think that each dipole all makes great efforts to arrive the position of the two strength of electric field maximum.And influenced by electrode and when charged, for example when adopting AC electric field or insulated electrode, effect has important value to the dielectrophoresis phenomenon to electrostatic coalescence at the disperse phase particle water.
In view of the foregoing, be necessary to invent novel crude oil electric dewatering (desalination) equipment,, increase substantially electro-dewatering (desalination) efficient of crude oil emulsion to make full use of the dielectrophoresis coalescence mechanism.
Summary of the invention
According to background technology, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of novel crude oil electro-dewatering, desalter based on dielectrophoresis breakdown of emulsion mechanism, mainly comprise intake assembly (18), tank body (17) and electrode assemblie (14), wherein: intake assembly (18) is made up of former oil-in (1), fresh water inlet (3), under meter (4), static mixer (6) and valve (2), (5); Tank body (17) is provided with inlet tube (7), sparger (8), rising pipe (9), the water outlet (10) of joint access assembly (18), sets out hydraulic fluid port (13) at the back of tank body (17); High-voltage insulating wire (15) adopts the mode of opening-nozzle to pass tank body (17), and high-voltage explosion-proof transformer (16) is connected with electrode assemblie (14).
Described sparger (8) is one to have the steel plate of circular hole or square hole.
Described electrode assemblie (14) adopts vertically suspended corrugated plate shape electrode, or the pattern that adopts corrugated plate shape electrode and plane tabular electrode alternate combinations vertically to arrange, the crest of two adjacent electrodes is corresponding one by one respectively with trough, and electrode surface covers fine and close insulation layer.
Owing to adopt technique scheme, the utlity model has following advantage and effect:
1, the utility model can adapt to dehydration, the desalination requirement of different water cut rate crude oil emulsion, and dehydration, desalting effect are better;
2, the utility model corrugated plate shape electrode structure is better to the coalescent effect of little particle water, can significantly reduce the required time of follow-up gravity settling;
3, the gangway of the utility model electro-dewatering, desalting plant can form uniform flow velocity field, reduces washing away of crude oil emulsion counter electrode plate, thereby prolongs the work-ing life of battery lead plate;
4, the utility model can reduce the consumption of chemical demulsifier significantly based on the breakdown of emulsion mechanism of dielectrophoresis phenomenon, reduces the overall operation cost, and then improves the economic benefit of refinery;
5, the utility model is except that can be used for refinery, also can be used in the Oil-Gas Field Development Engineering to well head crude oil dewater, desalting treatment, even can be used for occasions such as w/o type emulsion liquid Membrane Separation Technique.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the utility model structure collectivity synoptic diagram
Fig. 2 is a corrugated plate shape electrode structure schematic perspective view of the present utility model
Fig. 3 is another example structure synoptic diagram of the utility model
Embodiment
Be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
As shown in Figure 1, the utility model equipment mainly comprises intake assembly 18, tank body 17 and electrode assemblie 14, and wherein: intake assembly 18 is made up of former oil-in 1, fresh water inlet 3, under meter 4, static mixer 6 and valve 2,5 etc.; Tank body 17 is provided with the inlet tube 7 of joint access assembly 18, also is provided with sparger 8, rising pipe 9, water outlet 10, and is provided with valve, is provided with fuel-displaced 13 at the back of tank body 17; High-voltage insulating wire 15 passes tank body 17 shells, and high-voltage explosion-proof transformer 16 is linked to each other with electrode assemblie; Sparger 8 is one to have the steel plate of circular hole or square hole.
By Fig. 2 electrode assemblie 14 is shown and is corrugated plate shape, corrugated plate shape electrode 14 is vertically arranged, the crest of two adjacent electrodes is corresponding one by one respectively with trough, the part of each metal electrode board except that lead all covers fine and close insulation layer, to avoid water droplet to cause short circuit between two adjacent electrodes or form water resistance when water droplet is flowed through between electrode.
By Fig. 3 another example structure synoptic diagram of the utility model is shown, is with the difference of Fig. 2: electrode assemblie 14 adopts the vertically mode of arrangement of corrugated plate shape electrodes and plane tabular electrode alternate combinations.
Actual mechanical process of the present utility model is: the fresh water of crude oil and injection forms crude oil emulsion after stirring by static mixer 6, and is pumped in electro-dewatering, the desalination tank body, and its flow and water ratio can be regulated according to valve 2,5; The emulsion sparger 8 of inlet end is evenly distributed the crude oil emulsion that flows into electro-dewatering, desalination tank body, acutely washes away to avoid fluid counter electrode plate 4 to produce; When crude oil emulsion is flowed through jar intravital electrode assemblie of electro-dewatering (desalination), high-voltage explosion-proof transformer 16 is sent into High Level AC Voltage by high-voltage insulating wire 15 to the jar inner electrode assembly, owing to adopt corrugated plate shape electrode 14, and the crest of adjacent electrode is corresponding one by one respectively with trough, just the non-homogeneous alternating-electric field of generation level between battery lead plate causes that the dielectrophoresis of disperse phase particle water is coalescent; The little particle water of disperse phase is agglomerated into big particle water and sedimentation downwards under the effect of dielectrophoretic force, the water of separating flows through rising pipe 9, discharges electro-dewatering, desalting plant from the water outlet 10 of tank base, and the salt that is dissolved in the water is also discharged in the lump; After reaching oil process collection tube 12 gatherings of standard after dehydration, the desalination, discharge from the oil outlet 13 at tank body top.
Claims (4)
1. novel crude oil electro-dewatering, desalter based on a dielectrophoresis breakdown of emulsion mechanism, comprise intake assembly (18), tank body (17) and electrode assemblie (14), it is characterized in that: described intake assembly (18) is made up of former oil-in (1), fresh water inlet (3), under meter (4), static mixer (6) and valve (2), (5); Tank body (17) is provided with inlet tube (7), sparger (8), rising pipe (9), the water outlet (10) of joint access assembly (18), sets out hydraulic fluid port (13) at the back of tank body (17); High-voltage insulating wire (15) adopts the mode of opening-nozzle to pass tank body (17), and high-voltage explosion-proof transformer (16) is connected with electrode assemblie (14).
2. novel crude oil electro-dewatering, desalter based on dielectrophoresis breakdown of emulsion mechanism according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described sparger (8) is one to have the steel plate of circular hole or square hole.
3. novel crude oil electro-dewatering, desalter based on dielectrophoresis breakdown of emulsion mechanism according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described electrode assemblie (14) adopts vertically suspended corrugated plate shape electrode, the crest of two adjacent electrodes is corresponding one by one respectively with trough, and electrode surface covers fine and close insulation layer.
4. novel crude oil electro-dewatering, desalter based on dielectrophoresis breakdown of emulsion mechanism according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the pattern that described electrode assemblie (14) adopts corrugated plate shape electrode and plane tabular electrode alternate combinations vertically to arrange, electrode surface covers fine and close insulation layer.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009202227921U CN201501846U (en) | 2009-09-23 | 2009-09-23 | Novel crude oil electric dehydration and desalination apparatus based on dielectrophoresis demulsification mechanism |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009202227921U CN201501846U (en) | 2009-09-23 | 2009-09-23 | Novel crude oil electric dehydration and desalination apparatus based on dielectrophoresis demulsification mechanism |
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| CN201501846U true CN201501846U (en) | 2010-06-09 |
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| CN2009202227921U Expired - Fee Related CN201501846U (en) | 2009-09-23 | 2009-09-23 | Novel crude oil electric dehydration and desalination apparatus based on dielectrophoresis demulsification mechanism |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102021020A (en) * | 2009-09-23 | 2011-04-20 | 北京石油化工学院 | Dielectrophoresis demulsification mechanism-based novel crude oil electric dehydration and desalination method and equipment |
| CN103241888A (en) * | 2013-05-10 | 2013-08-14 | 常州大学 | Physical demulsifying and coalescing and oil-water separating method for oil-water emulsion under micro-electric field effect |
| CN104807981A (en) * | 2015-04-15 | 2015-07-29 | 北京石油化工学院 | Device and method for evaluating dynamic demulsification and dehydration characteristics of crude oil emulsion |
| CN112779047A (en) * | 2019-11-07 | 2021-05-11 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Electrode plate and electric desalting tank |
| CN113368540A (en) * | 2021-06-16 | 2021-09-10 | 重庆工商大学 | Demulsification method for oil-in-water emulsion of electric field coupling conductive particle bed layer |
-
2009
- 2009-09-23 CN CN2009202227921U patent/CN201501846U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102021020A (en) * | 2009-09-23 | 2011-04-20 | 北京石油化工学院 | Dielectrophoresis demulsification mechanism-based novel crude oil electric dehydration and desalination method and equipment |
| CN103241888A (en) * | 2013-05-10 | 2013-08-14 | 常州大学 | Physical demulsifying and coalescing and oil-water separating method for oil-water emulsion under micro-electric field effect |
| CN103241888B (en) * | 2013-05-10 | 2014-08-06 | 常州大学 | Physical demulsifying and coalescing and oil-water separating method for oil-water emulsion under micro-electric field effect |
| CN104807981A (en) * | 2015-04-15 | 2015-07-29 | 北京石油化工学院 | Device and method for evaluating dynamic demulsification and dehydration characteristics of crude oil emulsion |
| CN112779047A (en) * | 2019-11-07 | 2021-05-11 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Electrode plate and electric desalting tank |
| CN112779047B (en) * | 2019-11-07 | 2023-05-23 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Electrode plate and electric desalting tank |
| CN113368540A (en) * | 2021-06-16 | 2021-09-10 | 重庆工商大学 | Demulsification method for oil-in-water emulsion of electric field coupling conductive particle bed layer |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C17 | Cessation of patent right | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20100609 Termination date: 20130923 |