CN104531205B - A kind of microwave reinforced electrostatic crude dehydrating plant - Google Patents
A kind of microwave reinforced electrostatic crude dehydrating plant Download PDFInfo
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- CN104531205B CN104531205B CN201510015260.0A CN201510015260A CN104531205B CN 104531205 B CN104531205 B CN 104531205B CN 201510015260 A CN201510015260 A CN 201510015260A CN 104531205 B CN104531205 B CN 104531205B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G33/00—Dewatering or demulsification of hydrocarbon oils
- C10G33/02—Dewatering or demulsification of hydrocarbon oils with electrical or magnetic means
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
- C10G2300/10—Feedstock materials
- C10G2300/1033—Oil well production fluids
Abstract
A kind of microwave reinforced electrostatic crude dehydrating plant, primarily of flanged (FLGD) metal section and electrical desalting/dewatering tank composition.Be made up of electrode, insulating part and microwave source in described flanged (FLGD) metal section, be connected and fixed with insulating material between electrode and tube wall and adjacent electrode, pipeline section ground connection, electrode is connected with transformer by electrode bar, microwave source, perpendicular to pipeline section or angled installation, connects electric desalting/electro-dewatering tank after pipeline section.Described microwave reinforced electrostatic crude dehydrating plant adds microwave radiation while electrostatic field, demulsification can be strengthened, be mainly used in the breaking emulsion and dewatering of crude oil and processed oil, reduce electrical desalting/dewatering tank transformer current, thus reduce energy consumption, the adaptability improving device and stability.Also, before may be used for oil field triphase separator, separation efficiency is improved.The place of multiple two-phase laminated flow can also be used for.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of microwave reinforced electrostatic crude dehydrating plant, is exactly specifically the device for Desalting and Dewatering from Crude Oil.
Background technology
Along with oil-field development enters the later stage, the development of production practice, the application of the technology such as such as tertiary oil recovery water filling, polymer injection, ternary composite driving, tune plane, de-plugging, adds a large amount of liquids, make oil field produced emulsification of crude oil degree more and more serious, crude oil emulsion becomes more stable, and milk sap electroconductibility strengthens, when applying high-voltage electric field, electric current can increase, even short circuit, dehydration difficulty is increasing, and conventional electrochemistry two sections dehydration has been difficult to the requirement reaching crude oil exporting index.
Along with entering of tertiary oil recovery crude oil and high-acid crude oil, desalting in oil refinery plant running also encounters difficulties, because emulsification is serious, breakdown of emulsion is difficult, cause that electric current is large, fluctuation of service, power consumption are high, drainage belt is oily, de-after the moisture series of problems such as to exceed standard of saliferous, cause the problems such as plant energy consumption is high, corrosion of equipment increases the weight of.
For solving the problem, be developed some technology.Chinese patent CN1607974 device be configured in separation vessel, there is an entrance and many outlets that fluid mixture flows through, it is the electrostatic coalescence in order to promote the first conducting fluid be emulsified in the second fluid, this device comprises many tubulose electrostatic coalescer primitives, the latter extends at flow direction, they are arranged in a matrix that covers substantially the whole cross section of this container, and apply the method for electric field to the fluid flowing through this coalescer element.But this device is for separating of in tank, complex structure, there is electric limited space, and need insulation tube.
Chinese patent CN101078345B discloses oil field extraction liquid electromagnetic agglomerating pretreatment device, and electric coalescer structure is wherein primarily of adapter, insulation rod assembly and electrostatic coalescer composition; Be provided with ring flange at the two ends of adapter, in adapter, left part and middle right part are suspended on two columnar electrostatic coalescers of the symmetry in adapter by locating hanging block; Longitudinally be provided with the oil pipe of being located by circular strongback two ends in electrostatic coalescer, oil pipe two ends are inserted on strongback in the corresponding circular hole be provided with, and welding together; Be provided with an electrode bar at the center of every root oil pipe, the both ends bolt and nut of electrode bar is fixed on long strip shape retaining plate; The right-hand member connection terminal cable of the electrode bar of another electrostatic coalescer is parallel to the insulation rod assembly being located at adapter right part and is connected, and the other end of the electrode bar of two electrostatic coalescers is connected on the earth terminal that is connected in adapter respectively with cable is in parallel respectively.Its complex structure, need a lot of coalescent unit, and electric field distribution is uneven, can not makes full use of space in pipe, fluid can not unrestricted flow, and strength of electric field is low, and the large water drop being only applicable to the Produced Liquid of High water cut is coalescent.
CN1772845 discloses the technique of a kind of dehydrating of crude oil, desalination, particularly relates to a kind of standing-wave ultrasonic-electric field and combines technique for various oil dehydrating, desalination.Technical scheme of the present invention, for standing-wave sound field and electric field action to be combined, reaches the object of dewatering and desalting.Namely crude oil adds fresh water and emulsion splitter through static mixer or other mixing device Homogeneous phase mixing, first through standing wave or traveling-wave ultrasonic effect, then enters conventional electric desalting apparatus dewatering and desalting.But ultrasonic power is less, demulsification is limited, and also can produce emulsifying effect under certain condition.
CN102226100A discloses a kind of method and apparatus utilizing the high-efficient crude oil desalination/dehydration of the coalescent method combination of filtration-electric field.The equipment of the efficient crude-oil/desalination of this invention, comprises the source material delivery system, mixing device, dewatering filtering device and the electric desalting apparatus that connect successively.The method of efficient crude-oil/desalination of the present invention utilizes the equipment of efficient crude-oil/desalination of the present invention to be realized by raw material preheating, mixing, preliminary breakdown of emulsion and electrical desalting/dewatering step.The present invention adopts the crude oil desalting/dewatering of the coalescent combination of filtration-electric field, filtration method and the coalescent method desalination/dewatering process of electric field shortcoming separately can be overcome, operation severity both simultaneously reducing, both can improve the adaptability of crude oil desalting process, desalination/dehydration rate and steady operation ratio, energy-saving and cost-reducing object can have been reached again.But complex structure, bulky.
CN200942306Y discloses microwave demulsification crude oil dehydration device and belongs to tripping device, is to be provided with microwave source in crude oil storage tank, is provided with crude oil inlet valve, the top of the other end is provided with crude exports valve at the middle part of crude oil storage tank one end.The bottom of crude oil storage tank is provided with dehydrated outlet valve, top is provided with petroleum gas outlet valve.Laterally be provided with support in crude oil storage tank, on support, microwave source be installed.Be provided with crude oil liquidometer on the top of crude oil storage tank inwall, the cable outlet connecting microwave source is arranged at the having thermo detector, be provided with oil-water interface liquidometer at middle part of crude oil liquidometer, bottom.Its advantage is: project organization is simple, easy and simple to handle, easily be automated, dependable performance, and dehydration rate is high, reduce the usage quantity of emulsion splitter, has energy-saving and cost-reducing effect.But only with microwave power needed for microwave demulsifying is large, the residence time is long, and it is not easily even to apply microwave in large tank.
Summary of the invention
Object designed by the present invention is to provide a kind of microwave reinforced electrostatic crude dehydrating plant, add microwave in the electric field, strengthen demulsification, be mainly used in the water solution of oil breakdown of emulsion of crude oil and processed oil, especially be suitable for w/o type emulsion, highfield and microwave can be applied, crude oil electric desalting/water knockout electric current can be reduced, reduce the de-rear moisture and draining oil-containing of crude oil, thus reduce energy consumption, the adaptability improving device and stability.Also may be used for O/W type emulsion, low electric field and microwave can be applied, before oil field mining liquid triphase separator, improve the separation efficiency of device.
For reaching this object, the present invention by the following technical solutions:
A kind of microwave reinforced electrostatic crude dehydrating plant, be made up of flanged (FLGD) metal section and electrical desalting/dewatering tank, described flanged (FLGD) metal section comprises electric field production part and microwave source, and its Main Function is strengthening breakdown of emulsion.
A kind of microwave reinforced electrostatic crude dehydrating plant, is characterized in that: comprise flanged (FLGD) metal section and electrical desalting/dewatering tank, has and produce electrostatic field and microwave radiation parts in metal section; Arrange electrode in described flanged (FLGD) metal section, described electrode is fixed on flanged (FLGD) metal section top by insulating part hanging; Described electrode is connected with supply transformer by electrode bar; Described flanged (FLGD) metal section ground connection, microwave source is fixed in tube wall.
Further, described supply transformer is single phase transformer, three-phase transformer, pulse transformer, AC transformer or umformer.
This device single-stage uses, or plural parallel stage or series connection.
Flanged (FLGD) metal section electric field intensity inside high is 300V/cm-5000V/cm, and crude oil residence time in pipeline section is 1-300 second, microwave wavelength 500MHz-300GHz.
Electric field production part of the present invention refers to all parts that can produce electric field in prior art, and its specific form can be selected by those skilled in the art.
Such as, electric field production part can be selected: various forms of battery lead plate (comprising ring electrode, rectangular flat electrode, vertical plate suspension etc.); Microwave frequency also can be selected as the case may be.
Microwave reinforced electrostatic crude dehydrating plant of the present invention, add microwave in the electric field, play the acting in conjunction of electric field and microwave, strengthen demulsification, be mainly used in the breakdown of emulsion of crude oil and processed oil, be combined with existing crude oil electric desalting/water knockout, electrical desalting/dewatering tank transformer current can be reduced, thus reduce energy consumption, the adaptability improving device and stability.Also, before may be used for oil field triphase separator, separation efficiency is improved.
Be below the preferred specific form of microwave reinforced electrostatic crude dehydrating plant of the present invention, those skilled in the art can select according to practical situation.
Described electric field production part comprises flanged (FLGD) metal section; Arrange electrode in described flanged (FLGD) metal section, described electrode is fixed on flanged (FLGD) metal section top by insulating suspension; Described electrode is connected with supply transformer by electrode bar; Described flanged (FLGD) metal section ground connection.
Installation site vertical direction or angled in pipeline section of described microwave source.
Electrical desalting/dewatering tank is known various forms.
In flanged pipeline section of the present invention, the first form of electrode is: the Center metal electrode being arranged at flanged (FLGD) metal section center.Be mainly used in that caliber is less, the less demanding place of strength of electric field.
In flange pipeline section of the present invention, the second form of electrode is: comprise the Center metal electrode that is arranged at flanged (FLGD) metal section center and a ring electrode hurdle around Center metal electrode; Described ring electrode hurdle is uniformly distributed multiple metal electrode; Described Center metal electrode is with ring electrode hurdle, be all connected by insulating suspension between ring electrode hurdle with flanged (FLGD) metal section roof;
Preferably, described Center metal electrode or ring electrode hurdle are connected with supply transformer by electrode bar.
The second form of above-mentioned electrode of the present invention is mainly used in that caliber is comparatively large, strength of electric field requires high place.
Center metal electrode of the present invention is aluminum pipe or iron pipe, its surface uniform distributed multilevel aluminium net, iron net, aluminium grid or reja.
On described ring electrode hurdle, equally distributed multiple metal electrode is multilayer aluminum net, iron net, aluminium grid or reja, to increase electrode area.
Ring electrode hurdle of the present invention, as the support frame of metal electrode, plays a supportive role.
Described microwave source is commercially available prod, based on crude character type selecting.
Described supply transformer is single phase transformer, three-phase transformer, pulse transformer, AC transformer or umformer.
Compared with prior art scheme, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the advantages that structure is simple, volume is little, power consumption is low, electrical desalting/dewatering tank electric current is low, microwave strengthens breakdown of emulsion, demulsification is good, easy to install.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the invention will be further described
The present invention has multiple electrode structure form, and any needs of embody rule are determined according to medium character and processing condition.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the fairly simple a kind of structural representation of flanged pipeline section.
Fig. 2 is the left view of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a kind of structural representation of the present invention's flanged pipeline section more complicated.
Fig. 4 is the left view of Fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is electrode column schematic diagram.
Fig. 6 is the combination process schema of flanged (FLGD) pipeline section and electrical desalting/dewatering tank.3-1 transformer in figure, the flanged (FLGD) pipeline section of 3-2,3-3 microwave power supply, 3-4 electrical desalting/dewatering tank, 3-5 transformer
Embodiment
Fig. 1 is the fairly simple a kind of structure of flanged pipeline section, and be mainly used in the place that caliber is less, flow is little, accompanying drawing 2 is left view.1-1 insulating suspension in figure, can use teflon rod, 1-2-electrode bar, 1-3-electric connector, 1-4-flanged (FLGD) pipeline section, 1-5-metal center electrode, 1-6 microwave source cable, 1-7 microwave source support, 1-8 magnetron, 1-9 waveguide, 1-10 microwave power supply
The metal electrode 1-5 insulating suspension 1-1 being positioned at pipeline section center is fixed on pipeline section top, electric connector 1-3 is connected with Center metal electrode 1-5 by electrode bar 1-2, electrode bar and pipeline section insulate, pipeline section ground connection, electric connector 1-3 is connected (as Fig. 6) with transformer output terminal, electric field is formed between such Center metal electrode 1-5 and pipeline section inwall, whole be uniform perpendicular to strength of electric field on the cross section of pipeline section, three microwave sources (each microwave source comprises 1-8 and 1-9) are distributed in pipeline section, and microwave power supply 1-10 is connected with microwave source by cable 1-6.The principle of electric field breakdown of emulsion is: based on dipole coalescence in DC electric field.When crude oil is through DC electric field, brackish water in crude oil produces dipolar nature under dropping in the effect of electrical forces equally, between the adjacent drop be arranged in rows by direction of an electric field, because the electric charge of abutting end exists the electrostatic attraction attracted each other mutually on the contrary, adjacent water droplet attracts each other coalescent.Master is gathered into dipole coalescence and vibration in alternating-electric field.When crude oil is by alternating-electric field, dipolar nature is produced under the minute water being wherein dissolved with salt drops in the effect of electric field, the induction of water droplet two ends produces contrary electric charge, under electric field graviational interaction, water droplet is elongated, owing to being alternating electric field, water droplet vibrates thereupon, emulsifying film strength reduction, and adjacent water droplet opposite polarity end makes water droplet break because attracting each other, colliding and compound increases.The ultimate principle of microwave demulsification crude oil dehydration device: microwave is a kind of ultra-high frequency hertzian wave, microwave produces alternating magnetic field, this characteristic is utilized to act on emulsified crude oil, the water molecules of emulsified crude oil and oil molecule are rotated and friction in ultra-high frequency alternating electromagnetic field high speed, destroy the interfacial film of profit, make water molecules break through surface tension of oil membrane, freely move up and down, collide, coalescent, the object that reaches breakdown of emulsion.Experiment shows: under the same conditions, while added electric field, add microwave, and the simple added electric field of the cumulative water-oil ratio in crude oil can be made to reduce.Water solution of oil the very short time by during pipeline section through the effect of electric field, microwave is strengthened breakdown of emulsion and is urged breakdown of emulsion, because the residence time is short, have little time settlement separate, therefore electric current is very little, can be settlement separate rapidly after electrical desalting/dewatering tank, thus reduce the power consumption of follow-up equipment, improve the strength of electric field of follow-up equipment, the further coalescence of the globule of non-coalescence is separated, reduces Water in oil.The transformer of outer power supply source can be the various ways such as interchange, pulse, direct current.
Fig. 2 is a kind of structure of the present invention's flanged pipeline section more complicated, and be mainly used in the place that caliber is comparatively large, treatment capacity is large, Fig. 4 is left view, and Fig. 5 is electrode column schematic diagram.In figure, the hanging of 2-1 center electrode insulation, can use teflon rod, 2-2-electrode column insulating suspension, 2-3-electrode column electrode bar, 2-4-electric connector, 2-5-central electrode rod, 2-6-electrode column, 2-7-flanged (FLGD) pipeline section, 2-8-Center metal electrode, 2-9 microwave cable, 2-10 microwave cable, 2-11 magnetron, 2-12 waveguide, 2-13 microwave power supply.The metal electrode 2-8 insulating suspension 2-1 being positioned at pipeline section 2-7 center is fixed on electrode column 2-6 top, electrode column 2-6 electrode column insulating suspension 2-2 is fixed on pipeline section top, electrode column 2-6 is the ring structure concentric with pipeline section 2-7, between central electrode 2-8 and electrode column 2-6, be equidistant between electrode column 2-6 and pipeline section 2-7 inwall, electric connector 2-4 is connected with central electrode 2-8 by central electrode rod 2-5, be connected with electrode column 2-6 by electrode column electrode bar 2-3, electrode bar and pipeline section insulate, pipe end ground connection, electric connector 2-4 is connected (see Fig. 6) with transformer output terminal, between such central electrode and electrode column, the uniform electric field of equivalent is formed between pipeline section inwall, whole be uniform perpendicular to strength of electric field on the cross section of pipeline section.Also electrode column can be energized, central electrode and pipeline section ground connection., strength of electric field very large for caliber requires high place, also can arrange multi-layered electrode hurdle structure, insulate between adjacent layers electrode column.Microwave source (being made up of 2-11 and 2-12) all be distributed in pipeline section.Fig. 5 is electrode column schematic diagram.
Utilize as shown in Figure 6, wet oil, through flanged (FLGD) pipeline section, has electric field and microwave acting in conjunction in pipeline section, thus realizes strengthening breakdown of emulsion, and because the residence time is short, breakdown of emulsion is afterwards not as good as being separated, and therefore transformer current is very little; Enter electrical desalting/dewatering tank to be separated, due to breakdown of emulsion in pipeline section, therefore electrical desalting/dewatering tank transformer current diminishes, and power consumption declines, and even can cut off electrical desalting/dewatering transformer according to cases of dehydration.
Carry out parallel test in said device, oil density is 0.92g/cm
3moisture 10%, at 90 DEG C, emulsion splitter 30mg/l, emulsion is 30 seconds residence time in pipeline section, pipeline section electric field intensity inside high 1000V/CM, microwave frequency 2540MHZ, in power 1KW, electro-dewatering tank strength of electric field 800V/CM, 20 minutes residence time situation, survey de-rear crude oil water containing and electro-dewatering transformer current.
Shown in result table 1, can find out that, through the enhancing of microwave reinforced electro-dewatering successful, moisture obvious reduction after de-, electrical desalting/dewatering tank transformer current declines significantly.
Table 1 microwave reinforced electrostatic demulsifying device experimental result
The present invention illustrates detailed construction feature of the present invention and method by above-described embodiment, but the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned detailed construction feature and method, does not namely mean that the present invention must rely on above-mentioned detailed construction feature and method could be implemented.Person of ordinary skill in the field should understand, any improvement in the present invention, to equivalence replacement and the increase of accessory, the concrete way choice etc. of parts selected by the present invention, all drops within protection scope of the present invention and open scope.
Claims (4)
1. a microwave reinforced electrostatic crude dehydrating plant, is characterized in that: comprise flanged (FLGD) metal section and electrical desalting/dewatering tank, has and produce electrostatic field and microwave radiation parts in metal section; Arrange electrode in described flanged (FLGD) metal section, described electrode is fixed on flanged (FLGD) metal section top by insulating part hanging; Described electrode is connected with supply transformer by electrode bar; Described flanged (FLGD) metal section ground connection, microwave source is fixed in tube wall.
2. a kind of microwave reinforced electrostatic crude dehydrating plant as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described supply transformer is single phase transformer, three-phase transformer, pulse transformer, AC transformer or umformer.
3. the microwave reinforced electrostatic crude dehydrating plant of one according to claim 1, is characterized in that: this device single-stage uses, or plural parallel stage or series connection.
4. the microwave reinforced electrostatic crude dehydrating plant of one according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: flanged (FLGD) metal section electric field intensity inside high is 300V/cm-5000V/cm, crude oil residence time in pipeline section is 1-300 second, microwave wavelength 500MHz-300GHz.
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| CN201510015260.0A CN104531205B (en) | 2015-01-12 | 2015-01-12 | A kind of microwave reinforced electrostatic crude dehydrating plant |
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| CN104893754A (en) * | 2015-05-28 | 2015-09-09 | 洛阳绿景环保科技有限公司 | Diesel oil dewatering device |
| CN107050909A (en) * | 2017-03-13 | 2017-08-18 | 洛阳绿景环保科技有限公司 | It is a kind of to remove the device that corrosive impurity prevents salt coagulation of fractionating tower from corroding |
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| US4810375A (en) * | 1988-03-28 | 1989-03-07 | Conoco Inc. | Microwave emulsion treater with oily water recycle for water load |
| CN102005937A (en) * | 2009-09-01 | 2011-04-06 | 北京石油化工学院 | Adjustable optimized double-frequency high-pressure pulse-mode crude oil dehydration power supply based on waveform and control method thereof |
| CN102021020A (en) * | 2009-09-23 | 2011-04-20 | 北京石油化工学院 | Dielectrophoresis demulsification mechanism-based novel crude oil electric dehydration and desalination method and equipment |
| CN204509213U (en) * | 2015-01-12 | 2015-07-29 | 北京昊峰节能环保科技有限公司 | A kind of microwave reinforced electrostatic crude dehydrating plant |
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