CN103241888A - Physical demulsifying and coalescing and oil-water separating method for oil-water emulsion under micro-electric field effect - Google Patents
Physical demulsifying and coalescing and oil-water separating method for oil-water emulsion under micro-electric field effect Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a physical demulsifying and coalescing and oil-water separating method for an oil-water emulsion under micro-electric field effect, and relates to the technical fields such as petroleum, petrochemical, food, machining and shipping industries. The technical scheme adopted is as follows: oil drops of oily sewage float upward and are coalesced and absorbed on the lower surface of a coalescing plate under the effect of the micro-electric field between the lower surface of the oil-water coalescing plate and a bottom plate of a box body. The oil drops coalesced and expanding in volume float upward from an oil spill hole, so that the oil and water are effectively separated. According to the invention, micro emulsus drops are transferred, absorbed and coalesced, and float upward under the effect of the micro-electric field through a pure physical method, and finally oil and water are separated. The oil-water separation rate can reach over 98%.
Description
Technical field
Oily water treatment in the water purification of heavy equipment cleaning, lathe cooling water purification, production oily(waste)water purifying treatment, oil depot oily(waste)water purifying treatment, the large ship cabin, oil-contaminated water of oil field processing and refinery oily water treatment etc.
The invention belongs to physics breakdown of emulsion and coalescent method and the device thereof of oil in water emulsion in a kind of oily(waste)water.
Background technology
Industrial production, aerospace, sanitary wastewater and national defense facility etc. have pair oil-containing to contain assorted water and moisturely contain the demand that assorted oil carries out purifying treatment, oil-containing is contained assorted water and moisturely contains assorted oil and carry out the important step that purifying treatment always is relative production process, being the important means with economic benefit of improving the quality of products, also is the requirement up to standard of environment protection emission.
Oil in the oil-containing water, can be divided into oil slick by oil bead diameter, dispersed oil, oil in water emulsion and dissolving oil, can remove oil in water emulsion about most of oil slick and 1/4 and particle diameter greater than the impurity micelle of 10um by present settling separation device, but remaining minute quantity oil slick, 3/4 left and right sides oil in water emulsion and particle are not removed as yet at the impurity micelle of 3-10um, because simple oil particles and simple solid particulate are to utilize the different character of density to reach with water sepn in flow process, but for containing droplet in the oil particles, or comprise solid particulate in the oil particles, the density basically identical of the density of this composite particles and water, this is difficult to utilize aforesaid method to separate.
At present, known profit purification techniques has: chemical method, microbial method, physics method etc.The flow process of chemical method is dosing-flocculation-filtration, is characterized in: chemical reagent is extensive, dispensing is convenient, simple to operate; Shortcoming is easily to cause the oil after secondary pollution, the flocculation separation to be difficult for reclaiming and the cost height.The characteristics of microbial method are: utilize bacterial classification to engulf oil in the water, be characterized in environmental protection; Its deficiency is: the bacterium colony population easily degenerates and variation, to the environmental requirement height.The physics method is divided into centrifuging, vortex method, settling process, gas flotation method etc. again; The characteristics of centrifuging are that the large granular impurity clearance rate is lower.Effect and the centrifuging of vortex method are suitable.The characteristics of settling process are: the technology simple operations is convenient, its deficiency be need be bigger container and long time, and effect is bad.
This patent method is to utilize electric microfield and the special structure of coalescing-plate, with small emulsified oil droplet collide at coalescing-plate, coalescent, when droplet diameter was grown up to a dimensioning, oil droplet just can float, thus realization oily water separation.Another patent of invention in seeing Appendix.
Summary of the invention
The present invention relates to emulsified oil droplet in a kind of water, quick coalescent and oil-water separation method under the electric microfield effect.
The oil droplet overwhelming majority in the oily(waste)water exists with oil-in-water-type (O/W) milk sap, the diameter of emulsion drop is all less than 20 microns, the ascent rate of emulsion drop per hour has only several millimeters in the water, simple method by gravity settling can't realize oily water separation, because the density difference of emulsion drop and water is very little, utilizes the cyclonic separation method also can't realize oily water separation.At present, better method commonly used is after adding emulsion splitter, carry out sedimentation or cyclonic separation again, but this method has finally emulsion splitter to remain in the water, can cause oxygen enrichmentization to water quality.
The present invention is that the lower surface at coalescing-plate adheres to skim stainless steel (316), the lower surface of coalescing-plate and profit add electric microfield between coalescent jar of ground, make electronegative O/W type milk sap floating upward quickly, the lower surface of bump coalescing-plate, realize that mini-emulsion drips collision coalescence, realize breakdown of emulsion, form larger oil droplet, realize oily water separation at last.
Concrete technical scheme of the present invention is:
Coalescent and the oil-water separation method of water-oil emulsion physics breakdown of emulsion under a kind of electric microfield effect is to add electric microfield between coalescing-plate lower surface and coalescent jar of bottom surface of profit, makes the migration of oily(waste)water generation emulsified oil droplet, absorption, come-up, and profit is effectively separated.
The board selection tetrafluoroethylene of described coalescing-plate, in tetrafluoroethylene sheet material making processes, add bone meal, and in weak acid, soaked several 5～10 minutes, and the upper surface of coalescing-plate was toasted 2～5 seconds outside flame fast, the barbecue temperature remains on 45～60 ℃, makes the coalescing-plate upper surface be modified as strong hydrophilic oleophobic.
The external form of coalescing-plate is for falling " √ " font, and angle is 80～100 °, and the long length of side is 2:1～2.3:1 with the ratio of minor face length.
After adding bone meal in the coalescing-plate, in 10%～16% dilute sulphuric acid, soaked 5～10 minutes.
There is the circular hole of a plurality of diameter 4～8mm on the top of " √ " font coalescing-plate, in the small emulsified oil droplet stably stratified flow flow process, under the electric microfield effect, with the lower surface of coalescing-plate collision, coalescent, it is coalescent during to certain particle diameter to have served as droplet diameter, oil droplet begins come-up by falling the round oil slick hole path on " √ " font top, and then realizes oily water separation.
Lower surface at coalescing-plate adheres to skim (thickness 0.5mm) stainless steel (316), as the positive pole of electric microfield.
The surface of coalescing-plate and horizontal direction are 5～15 ° angle to increase the contact area of oily(waste)water and coalescing-plate, increase the collision opportunity of emulsified oil droplet and coalescing-plate lower surface.
The invention also discloses the coalescing-plate that is exclusively used in aforesaid method, formed by coalescing-plate oil slick hole, coalescing-plate upper surface, coalescing-plate desilting hole, coalescing-plate support bar, coalescing-plate lower surface; The upper surface of coalescing-plate is tetrafluoroethylene sheet material; The lower surface of coalescing-plate sheet material is stainless steel 316, and the external form of coalescing-plate is for falling " √ " font, and angle is 80～100 °, and the long length of side is 2:1～2.3:1 with the ratio of minor face length.
The upper surface of described coalescing-plate adds bone meal in tetrafluoroethylene sheet material making processes, and in 10%～16% dilute sulphuric acid, soaked several 5～10 minutes, and the upper surface of coalescing-plate was toasted 2～5 seconds outside flame fast, the barbecue temperature remains on 45～60 ℃, makes the coalescing-plate upper surface be modified as strong hydrophilic oleophobic.
The present invention is compared with prior art:
(1) utilize tetrafluoroethylene to be basic unit, design a " √ " font coalescing-plate, this coalescing-plate has the long fluid residence time than common " M " font coalescing-plate, increases the collision opportunity of emulsified oil droplet and coalescing-plate;
(2) in tetrafluoroethylene, add bone meal, and in weak acid (10%～16% dilute sulphuric acid), soaked several minutes, and the upper surface baking (temperature remains on 45～60 ℃) fast outside flame with coalescing-plate makes the coalescing-plate upper surface be modified as strong hydrophilic oleophobic;
(3) lower surface at coalescing-plate adheres to the skim stainless steel, as the positive pole of electric microfield, increases the emulsified oil droplet ascent rate.
Under the prerequisite of not adding any chemical agent, after oily(waste)water was handled through native system, oil removal rate can reach 98%, and system does not have equipment, had characteristics such as low power consuming, floor space be little.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the coalescing-plate structural representation
Fig. 2 is coalescing-plate sheet material diagrammatic cross-section
Fig. 3 is electric microfield breakdown of emulsion oily-water seperating equipment front view and left view
Fig. 4 is middle oil outlet partial enlarged drawing
Among the figure:
1, coalescing-plate oil slick hole, 2, the coalescing-plate upper surface, 3, coalescing-plate desilting hole, 4, coalescing-plate support bar, 5, the coalescing-plate lower surface, 6, water-in, 7, oil outlet, 8, coalescing-plate, 9, middle oil outlet, 10, casing, 11, dividing plate, 12, overflow port, 13, water outlet, 14, PVC insulated substrate, 15, metal conducting layer, 16, the PVC insulated substrate.
Embodiment
In Fig. 1, Fig. 2, the coalescing-plate plate construction is made up of coalescing-plate oil slick hole 1, coalescing-plate upper surface 2, coalescing-plate desilting hole 3, coalescing-plate support bar 4, coalescing-plate lower surface 5.The upper surface 2 of coalescing-plate sheet material is selected tetrafluoroethylene for use, in tetrafluoroethylene sheet material making processes, add bone meal, and in 10%～16% dilute sulphuric acid, soaked several 5～10 minutes, and the upper surface of coalescing-plate was toasted 2～5 seconds outside flame fast, the barbecue temperature remains on 45～60 ℃, makes the coalescing-plate upper surface be modified as strong hydrophilic oleophobic.The lower surface 5 of coalescing-plate sheet material is selected stainless steel 316 for use, and makes it logical positive electricity, to accelerate the oil droplet ascent rate.The external form of coalescing-plate is for falling " √ " font, and angle is 80～100 °, and the long length of side is 2:1～2.3:1 with the ratio of minor face length, to increase the duration of contact of oil in water emulsion and coalescing-plate.In the top of coalescing-plate sheet material and circular oil slick hole 1 and the circular desilting hole 3 of bottom difference cutout 4-8mm, float to be conducive to coalescent back oil droplet, and the sedimentation of solid granulates.Coalescing-plate support bar 4 supports each layer coalescing-plate sheet material, can also adjust the distance between plates between the coalescing-plate.
In Fig. 3, electric microfield breakdown of emulsion oily-water seperating equipment is made up of water-in 6, oil outlet 7, coalescing-plate 8, middle oil outlet 9, casing 10, dividing plate 11 and overflow port 12 and water outlet 13.The surface of coalescing-plate and horizontal direction are 5-15 ° angle to increase the contact area of oily(waste)water and coalescing-plate, increase the collision opportunity of emulsified oil droplet and coalescing-plate lower surface.Dividing plate 11 separates oily-water seperating equipment coalescing-plate 8 and water-in 6 and water outlet 13, upper surface at middle housing 10 base plates at coalescing-plate place adheres to 316 layers of the thick stainless steels of 0.5mm, and links to each other with external source, make it to have the negative electricity of 10-100mv, to increase the ascent rate of oil droplet.
In Fig. 4, the middle oil outlet of electric microfield breakdown of emulsion oily-water seperating equipment comprises PVC insulated substrate 14, metal conducting layer 15 and PVC insulated substrate 16.Metal conducting layer 15 links to each other with external source by lead, makes it to have the 10-100mv positive charge, and with lead metal conducting layer is connected with the coalescing-plate lower surface, makes that the coalescing-plate lower surface is positively charged, to increase the ascent rate of oil droplet.
Oily(waste)water enters into electric microfield breakdown of emulsion oily-water seperating equipment casing 10 by water-in 6, because O/W type oil-water emulsion oil droplet is electronegative usually, under the electric microfield effect between profit coalescing-plate lower surface 5 and casing 10 base plates, the coalescent lower surface 5 that is adsorbed on coalescing-plate of oil droplet come-up, grow up behind certain particle diameter by coalescing-plate oil slick hole 1 come-up when blob volume is coalescent, discharge by middle oil outlet 9, profit is effectively separated.
The present invention utilizes pure physical method, realizes that mini-emulsion drops under the electric microfield effect, migration, absorption, coalescent, come-up, and last real oily water separation, the oily water separation rate can reach more than 98%.
Example
The present invention can use in oil, food, machinofacture, ship and chemical industry and contain emulsifying greasy dirt water, and this type of sewage relies on simple gravity settling can not carry out oily water separation, need apply emulsion splitter and carry out breakdown of emulsion.
6. the coalescent and oil-water separation method of water-oil emulsion physics breakdown of emulsion under the electric microfield effect as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the surface of coalescing-plate and horizontal direction are 5～15 ° angle to increase the contact area of oily(waste)water and coalescing-plate, increase the collision opportunity of emulsified oil droplet and coalescing-plate lower surface.
Claims (8)
1. the coalescent and oil-water separation method of water-oil emulsion physics breakdown of emulsion under the electric microfield effect, it is characterized in that, be between coalescing-plate lower surface and coalescent jar of bottom surface of profit, to add electric microfield, make the migration of oily(waste)water generation emulsified oil droplet, absorption, come-up, profit is effectively separated.
2. the coalescent and oil-water separation method of water-oil emulsion physics breakdown of emulsion under the electric microfield effect as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the board selection tetrafluoroethylene of described coalescing-plate, in tetrafluoroethylene sheet material making processes, add bone meal, and in weak acid, soaked several 5 ~ 10 minutes, and the upper surface of coalescing-plate was toasted 2 ~ 5 seconds outside flame fast, the barbecue temperature remains on 45 ~ 60 ℃, makes the coalescing-plate upper surface be modified as strong hydrophilic oleophobic.
3. the coalescent and oil-water separation method of water-oil emulsion physics breakdown of emulsion under the electric microfield effect as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the external form of coalescing-plate is for falling " √ " font, and angle is 80 ~ 100 °, and the long length of side is 2:1 ~ 2.3:1 with the ratio of minor face length.
4. the coalescent and oil-water separation method of water-oil emulsion physics breakdown of emulsion under the electric microfield effect as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that: after adding bone meal in the coalescing-plate, soaked in 10% ~ 16% dilute sulphuric acid 5 ~ 10 minutes.
5. the coalescent and oil-water separation method of water-oil emulsion physics breakdown of emulsion under the electric microfield effect as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that: there is the circular hole of a plurality of diameter 4 ~ 8mm on the top of " √ " font coalescing-plate, in the small emulsified oil droplet stably stratified flow flow process, under the electric microfield effect, with the lower surface of coalescing-plate collision, coalescent, it is coalescent during to certain particle diameter to have served as droplet diameter, and oil droplet begins come-up by falling the round oil slick hole path on " √ " font top, and then realization oily water separation.
6. the coalescent and oil-water separation method of water-oil emulsion physics breakdown of emulsion under the electric microfield effect as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that adhering at the lower surface of coalescing-plate the stainless steel layer of a thickness 0.5mm, as the positive pole of electric microfield.
7. a coalescing-plate that is exclusively used in one of claim 1-6 described method is characterized in that, is made up of coalescing-plate oil slick hole, coalescing-plate upper surface, coalescing-plate desilting hole, coalescing-plate support bar, coalescing-plate lower surface; The upper surface of coalescing-plate is tetrafluoroethylene sheet material; The lower surface of coalescing-plate sheet material is stainless steel 316, and the external form of coalescing-plate is for falling " √ " font, and angle is 80 ~ 100 °, and the long length of side is 2:1 ~ 2.3:1 with the ratio of minor face length.
8. as the coalescing-plate of method as described in the claim 7, it is characterized in that, the upper surface of coalescing-plate adds bone meal in tetrafluoroethylene sheet material making processes, and in 10% ~ 16% dilute sulphuric acid, soaked several 5 ~ 10 minutes, and the upper surface of coalescing-plate was toasted 2 ~ 5 seconds outside flame fast, the barbecue temperature remains on 45 ~ 60 ℃, makes the coalescing-plate upper surface be modified as strong hydrophilic oleophobic.
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104587708A (en) * | 2014-12-24 | 2015-05-06 | 西安工业大学 | Oil-water separation method and device |
| CN108328867A (en) * | 2018-03-02 | 2018-07-27 | 合肥工业大学 | A kind of oily-water seperating equipment for oiliness sewage treatment |
| CN108328696A (en) * | 2017-01-20 | 2018-07-27 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of the compound coalescence material of modified Teflon for metallurgical emulsifying liquid waste water de-oiling |
| CN109384288A (en) * | 2017-08-04 | 2019-02-26 | 天津大学 | A kind of breaking method and technique of oil-in-water emulsion |
| CN111642659A (en) * | 2020-06-28 | 2020-09-11 | 琼海中原甄想记明记椰子加工有限公司 | A method for preparing coconut juice beverage |
| CN114212905A (en) * | 2021-12-18 | 2022-03-22 | 河南油田工程咨询股份有限公司 | Multifunctional oil field pre-water-separation treatment equipment |
| CN115317958A (en) * | 2022-08-10 | 2022-11-11 | 常州大学 | Three-section type oil-water separation two-dimensional sinusoidal wave coalescence plate set device |
| CN116798537A (en) * | 2023-03-16 | 2023-09-22 | 东北石油大学 | Method for improving efficiency of multi-source oily sewage gravity sedimentation process |
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104587708A (en) * | 2014-12-24 | 2015-05-06 | 西安工业大学 | Oil-water separation method and device |
| CN108328696A (en) * | 2017-01-20 | 2018-07-27 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of the compound coalescence material of modified Teflon for metallurgical emulsifying liquid waste water de-oiling |
| CN109384288A (en) * | 2017-08-04 | 2019-02-26 | 天津大学 | A kind of breaking method and technique of oil-in-water emulsion |
| CN108328867A (en) * | 2018-03-02 | 2018-07-27 | 合肥工业大学 | A kind of oily-water seperating equipment for oiliness sewage treatment |
| CN111642659A (en) * | 2020-06-28 | 2020-09-11 | 琼海中原甄想记明记椰子加工有限公司 | A method for preparing coconut juice beverage |
| CN114212905A (en) * | 2021-12-18 | 2022-03-22 | 河南油田工程咨询股份有限公司 | Multifunctional oil field pre-water-separation treatment equipment |
| CN115317958A (en) * | 2022-08-10 | 2022-11-11 | 常州大学 | Three-section type oil-water separation two-dimensional sinusoidal wave coalescence plate set device |
| CN115317958B (en) * | 2022-08-10 | 2023-07-25 | 常州大学 | Three-section type oil-water separation double-dimensional sine wave coalescence plate set device |
| CN116798537A (en) * | 2023-03-16 | 2023-09-22 | 东北石油大学 | Method for improving efficiency of multi-source oily sewage gravity sedimentation process |
| CN116798537B (en) * | 2023-03-16 | 2024-02-27 | 东北石油大学 | Method for improving efficiency of multi-source oily sewage gravity sedimentation process |
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