RU2535144C1 - Method of forming processes of digestion in forestomach of calves and increasing intensity of their growth - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: veterinary medicine.

SUBSTANCE: method comprises feeding calves with the rumen contents, taken from adult cattle during its butchering, dried at a low temperature drying to 16-17% moisture content and fed to calves base on 10-15 g dry matter per head per day. At that the dry matter of rumen content is additionally added with calcium - 7.16 g, phosphorus - 2.14g, magnesium - 1.21, sulphur - 1.49 g, iron - 11.5 mg, copper - 2.83 mg, zinc - 15.96 mg, manganese - 25.34 mg, cobalt - 0.32 mg, iodine - 0.14 mg. The obtained concentrate mixture is fed to calves from 5 days to 3 months of age.

EFFECT: use of the invention enables to improve the efficiency of formation of the digestive processes in the forestomach of calves and increase the intensity of their growth.

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Description

The invention relates to the feeding of farm animals, in particular to the feeding of calves 1-6 months of age and can be used both in the feed industry and directly in the farms.

There is a known method of forming digestive processes in the calves' pre-stomachs, including feeding calves the contents of a scar taken from adult cattle during slaughter. The contents of the rumen are dried during low-temperature drying not higher than 50 ° C to 16-17% humidity and fed to calves from the first days of their life at the rate of 10-15 g of dry matter per head per day (RF patent No. 2441393, class A23K 1/16) .

When feeding calves cicatricial content taken from healthy adult cattle during slaughter and dried during artificial low-temperature drying, it allows to increase the number of symbiont microorganisms in the calf’s rumen and, thereby, increase feed intake and the use of nutrient and biologically active dietary substances to increase growth rates of young cattle.

The disadvantage of this method is that with early active faunalization (colonization with symbiont strains) of the calves’s pancreas, the supply of symbiotic microorganisms with macro- and microelements necessary for their vital activity is not taken into account.

At present, information on the important role of macro- and microelements such as calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, sodium, potassium, sulfur, iron, copper, zinc, cobalt, manganese, iodine, not only in the body, is appearing in agricultural science in Russia and abroad. animals, but also for symbiotic microorganisms of the pancreas.

The objective of the proposed method is to increase the efficiency of the formation of digestion processes in the calves' stomachs and to increase their growth rate.

The technical result is to increase the eatability of plant feed by the calves.

This task and the technical result are achieved by the fact that in the diet of calves, along with the inclusion of 10-15 g of scar content taken from adult animals and dried during low-temperature drying not higher than 50 ° C to 16-17% humidity, a prophylactic amount is added according to the invention macro- and microelements missing in the feed, including: calcium - 7.16 g; phosphorus - 2.14 g; magnesium - 1.21 g; sulfur - 1.49 g; iron - 11.5 mg; copper - 2.83 mg; zinc - 15.96 mg; Manganese - 25.34 mg; cobalt - 0.32 mg; iodine - 0.14 mg. Salts of these macro- and microelements were fed to calves as part of a concentrate mixture from 5 days to 3 months of age.

The effectiveness of the proposed method was determined in the scientific and economic experiment on 3 groups of calves from birth to 30 days of age, 12 goals per group, and from 30 to 36 days of age was determined in physiological experience.

Example 1

The calves of the first group were fed according to the generally accepted feeding schedule, according to which in the first 5 days of life they were fed 5 l of colostrum, from 5 days of age the calves were fed 6 l of colostrum per day and 100 g of concentrate mixture, and from 15-20 days of age 6 l of milk, 200 g of a concentrate mixture and 100 g of hay were included in the diet of calves.

Example 2

Calves of the second group were raised according to a similar generally accepted feeding scheme, characterized in that from birth to 30 days of age, scar content was taken from healthy adult cattle during slaughter and dried by artificial low-temperature drying not higher than 50 ° C to 16-17 % humidity, up to 5 days of age with milk or water, and from 5 days to 30 days of age as part of a concentrated diet mixture subsequently together with other diet feeds at the rate of 10-15 g of dry matter per head per day.

Example 3

Calves of the third group were raised according to a generally accepted feeding scheme similar to calves of the second group, characterized in that from 5 days to 3 months of age, along with 10-15 g of dry scar content taken from cattle when slaughtered, in a concentrate mixture a prophylactic amount of macro- and microelements missing in the diet was added.

In the experiments, calf feed consumption, cicatricial digestion indices, digestibility of dietary constituents and their body weight at the beginning and at the end of the experiment were studied, followed by calculation of the average daily gain in live weight.

The results of the experiments are shown in the table.

Group of animals Eatability of hay ration, g The content of symbiont microorganisms in cicatricial fluid Coefficients of digestibility of dry matter ration,% The average daily increase from birth to 3 months of age, g Bacteria, billion / ml Ciliates, thousand / ml 1 (control) 75.0 27.4 ± 1.5 0.5 ± 0.1 72.9 ± 0.17 549.6 ± 11.2 2 (experimental) 88.3 32.6 ± 1.3 1.1 ± 0.1 75.8 ± 0.15 611.2 ± 10.8 3 (experimental) 100.0 38.5 ± 0.4 1.3 ± 0.1 78.7 ± 0.16 662.3 ± 8.4

As follows from the table, feeding the cicatricial contents of adult animals and adding to the diet of calves of the 3 (experimental) group a prophylactic mineral supplement of macroelements of calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, sulfur and trace elements iron, copper, zinc, manganese, cobalt and iodine led to complete eating of feed diet, to a significant increase in the content in the scar fluid of symbiotic microorganisms (bacteria and ciliates), as well as to a significant increase in the digestibility rate of dry matter of the diet and the average daily growth in live weight from birth to 3 months of age compared with calves of the 2 experimental group.

It follows that the application of the proposed method for the formation of digestive processes in the calves’s stomachs, including the introduction into the digestive tract of calves from the first days of life of the contents of the scar taken from healthy cattle during its slaughter and dried during low-temperature drying to 16-17% humidity, and adding to the diet a prophylactic amount of macro- and micronutrients missing in feed, including calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, sulfur, iron, copper, zinc, manganese, cobalt and iodine, improves eatability vegetable feed ration, increase the utilization of nutrient and biologically active feed substances and increase the growth rate of young cattle.

Claims (1)

A method for the formation of digestion processes in the calves ’stomachs and increasing their growth rate, including feeding calves the contents of a scar taken from adult cattle during slaughter, dried during low-temperature drying to 16-17% moisture and fed to calves at the rate of 10-15 g dry substances per head per day, characterized in that macronutrients are additionally introduced into the dry substance of cicatricial content, g:
calcium - 7.16
phosphorus - 2.14
magnesium - 1.21
sulfur - 1.49
and trace elements, mg:
iron - 11.50
copper - 2.83
zinc - 15.96
Manganese - 25.34
cobalt - 0.32
iodine - 0.14
and feed the calves obtained concentrate mixture from 5 days to 3 months of age.