RU2526916C2 - Self-contained breathing apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: rescue equipment.

SUBSTANCE: self-contained breathing apparatus with the chemically bonded oxygen is designed for respiratory organs protection in an emergency. The self-contained breathing apparatus with the chemically bonded oxygen comprises a housing in the form of a shell of the polymer film, mounted in a breathing bag and connected to the unit of isolation of respiratory organs, equipped with the regenerative product. In the housing the elastic element is placed and the plates of the regenerative product are fixed. According to the invention, the opposite sides of the elastic element are fixed to the walls of the breathing bag.

EFFECT: invention provides excess pressure in the apparatus, excluding the ambient air intake in case of disturbance of sealed adjoining of the apparatus to face of unit of respiratory organs isolation.

6 cl, 16 dwg

Description

The invention relates to chemically bound oxygen isolating breathing apparatus for protecting respiratory organs in an emergency.

Known insulating breathing apparatus for chemically bound oxygen according to the patent of Russian Federation No. 2323375, IPC АВВ 7/08, 2008. The apparatus contains a housing with a regenerative product connected to the respiratory isolation unit, installed in a breathing bag. Between the front part and the body there is a flow switch connected to the exhalation valve with the inlet of the body and the inspiratory valve with the cavity of the breathing bag, and a filter device, the body with the regenerative product being made in the form of a shell made of a polymer film divided into series-connected chambers, on the opposite walls of which fixed regenerative product. The regenerative product is made in the form of corrugated plates of potassium superoxide with a reinforcing additive. The regenerative product is mounted on the walls of the chambers with ribbons of polymer material. Tapes made of polymer material are connected to the walls of the chambers in the spaces between the regenerative product and are fixed to the shell of the respiratory bag.

In such an apparatus, the highest packing density and minimum dimensions when folded are achieved, however, such a device is characterized by relatively high resistance to breathing and the inconvenience of bringing the device into operation due to the need to force the package to unroll when the device is brought into working position. Such devices cannot work in the pendulum mode due to the possible collapse of the breathing bag during inspiration.

These disadvantages are partially eliminated in a chemically bound oxygen insulating breathing apparatus containing a housing in the form of a shell made of a polymer film connected to a respiratory isolation unit installed in a breathing bag, an elastic element is additionally placed in the housing, the opposite sides of which are connected by side ties interconnected tapes, between which plates of the regenerative product are fixed. In such an apparatus, the elastic element is made in the form of a three-dimensional frame made of a wire frame, the sides of which are Z-shaped, and the upper and lower parts are adjacent to the walls of the housing. (RF patent No. 2428231, IPC АВВ 7/08, 2011).

Such an insulating breathing apparatus based on chemically bonded oxygen has minimal dimensions when folded, which is convenient when worn, but does not provide excessive pressure in the respiratory circuit, which makes it not safe enough for different groups of users: with long hair, wearing a beard and mustache, or performing sudden movements in which there may be a suction of ambient air through the site of isolation of the respiratory system. The objective of the invention is to increase reliability when using the apparatus.

The technical result of the invention is the creation of excess pressure in the apparatus, eliminating the suction of ambient air in violation of the tight fit to the face of the site of isolation of the respiratory system.

Based on the set of common features, the device according to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2428231 was selected as a prototype.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in an insulating breathing apparatus with chemically bound oxygen containing installed in a breathing bag and connected to the respiratory isolation unit, the case is equipped with a regenerative product in the form of a shell made of a polymer film in which an elastic element is placed and plates of the regenerative product are fixed, opposite the sides of the elastic element are fixed to the walls of the breathing bag.

The elastic element may be provided with spring clips.

On the inner surface of the walls of the breathing bag can be fixed fasteners in the form of pockets.

The fastening element may be made in the form of checks.

On the inner surface of the front and rear walls of the breathing bag can be attached pads, with the formation of a channel for passing checks.

Between the plates spacers can be installed in the form of a volumetric curved elastic rod.

Fixing the opposite sides of the elastic element on the walls of the breathing bag ensures the creation of excess pressure in the breathing bag due to the elastic properties of the elastic element, which is initially in a compressed state. When exhaling, the pressure of the exhaled air simultaneously with the inflation of the breathing bag stretches the elastic element. When inhaling, the elastic element compresses the breathing bag, creating excess pressure, the creation of excess pressure in the device eliminates the suction of ambient air in case of violation of the tight fit to the face of the respiratory isolation unit.

The supply of the elastic element with spring brackets ensures the creation of excess pressure in the apparatus even at minimum loads due to the use of the elastic properties of the spring brackets, thereby eliminating the suction of ambient air in violation of the tight fit to the face of the respiratory isolation unit.

Fastening fasteners in the form of pockets on the inner surface of the walls of the respiratory bag provides simplicity of design and ease of assembly of elements to create excess pressure in the device, which prevents air leakage in case of a tight fit to the face of the respiratory isolation unit.

The implementation of the mounting element in the form of checks provides the simplicity of design and ease of assembly of elements to create excess pressure in the apparatus.

On the inner surface of the front and rear walls of the breathing bag can be attached pads with the formation of a channel for passing checks, which provides ease of assembly due to simplification of design.

The installation between the plates of the spacer elements in the form of a volumetric curved elastic rod ensures the dilution of the plates of the regenerative product with the creation of the necessary gap between them after removing the insulating breathing apparatus from the case. This allows you to use material with greater rigidity as an elastic element when creating excessive pressure in the apparatus, eliminating the suction of ambient air in violation of a tight fit to the face of the respiratory isolation unit.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, which depict:

figure 1 is a General view of an insulating breathing apparatus;

figure 2 is a General view of the cartridge in the breathing bag when inhaling, side view;

figure 3 is the same as in figure 2 during exhalation, side view;

figure 4 - shows the elastic element in two positions: working and in a compressed state, side view;

figure 5 is the same as in figure 4, a top view;

6 - shows an elastic element with side ties;

7 is a spacer element, a General view;

Fig.8 is the same as in Fig.7, a view along arrow A;

Fig.9 is the same as in Fig.7, a view along arrow B;

figure 10 is the same as in figure 7, a view along arrow B;

11 - shows a variant of the breathing apparatus, the walls of the cartridge of which are connected to the breathing bag by a rod (check);

Fig - regenerative cartridge, the second option, front view;

Fig.13 is the same as in Fig.13, a side view;

Fig.14 - mount on the cartridge;

Fig - mount on the breathing bag;

Fig is a view of an insulating breathing apparatus placed in a case.

The list of items indicated in the drawings:

1. housing;

2. elastic element;

3. regenerative product;

4. corrugated tube;

5. the site of isolation of the respiratory system;

6. breathing bag;

7. overpressure valve;

8. side screed;

9. slot;

10. spring clip;

11. pocket;

12. spacer element;

13. check;

14. attachment point checks;

15. channel;

16. overlay;

17. case body;

18. case cover;

19. spring clip;

20. eye.

The insulating breathing apparatus (1, 2, 3) contains a housing 1 made of a non-combustible F4-MB fluoroplastic film 50 μm thick, in which an elastic element 2 is placed with a regenerative product 3 fixed in it, made in the form of plates from 1 to 3 mm of potassium superoxide with a reinforcing additive. The housing 1 with a corrugated tube 4 is connected to the respiratory organs isolation unit in the form of a mask 5 and is installed in a breathing bag 6 equipped with an overpressure valve 7. The elastic element 2 is made in the form of a volumetric frame made of spring steel wire from 1 to 1.5 mm thick. The opposite sides of the elastic element 2 are connected by side ties 8, in the slots 9 of which fluoroplastic film tapes (not shown) are pairwise passed, and the plates of the regenerative product 3 are placed between them. FIGS. 2 and 3 show the position of the working part of the insulating breathing apparatus in compressed and open position.

Figure 4, 5, 6 shows the design of an elastic element made in the form of a three-dimensional frame made in the form of a wire frame, the sides of which are Z-shaped, the upper and lower parts of the frame are adjacent to the walls of the housing 1 and are equipped with spring brackets 10. When installing the housing 1 in the breathing bag 6, the spring clips 10 are inserted into the pockets 11 made on the inner surface (front and rear) of the breathing bag 6, as shown in FIG.

FIGS. 7, 8, 9, 10 show a variant of the dilution of the plates of the regenerative product 3 using the spacer 12 in the form of a zigzag bent spring wire, which due to elastic forces can take a flat shape from a flat, as shown in FIG. 10.

11, 12, 13, 14 and 15 show a variant of connecting the housing 1 to the breathing bag 6 using a check 13, made in the form of a straight or curved rod and installed at its attachment points in the check 14, mounted on the side ties 8, as shown in Fig. 12. The middle part of the check 13 is installed in the channel 15, formed by welding the pads 16 to the inner surface of the respiratory bag 6.

The working part of the insulating breathing apparatus, comprising a housing 1 with a regenerative product 2, a corrugated tube 4; a mask 5 and a breathing bag 6 with an overpressure valve 7, is enclosed in a sealed enclosure (not shown) and placed in a case (see FIG. 16) containing the case body 17 with the case cover 18. The case body 17 is provided with a spring clip 19 for wearing the apparatus on the belt and two eyes 20 for carrying the apparatus on the shoulder strap (not shown).

The proposed device operates as follows.

An isolating breathing apparatus is used in case of a dangerous situation when the air becomes unsuitable for breathing due to a decrease in the oxygen content below an acceptable level or due to the presence of toxic substances in the air.

The device is transferred by the user in the danger zone either fixed by a spring clip 19 on the waist belt or on the shoulder strap, threaded into the eyes 20. In this case, the housing 1 and the regenerative product are in a compressed state, as shown in Fig.2. To bring the insulating breathing apparatus into working position, the cover of the case 18 is opened and the working part of the device, enclosed in an airtight shell, is removed from the case of the case 17. The respiratory organs isolation unit (mask) is put on the user's head, when breathing in, exhaled air flows from the mask 5 through the corrugated tube 4 into the housing 1, in which it passes through the gaps between the plates of the regenerative product 3 into the breathing bag 6. The exhaled air inflates the breathing bag 6 , while its walls diverge with the pockets 11 and the spring clips 10 placed in them, while the elastic element 2 is stretched together with the side ties 8. When the side ties 8 are tensioned, the distance between the slots increases 9, which leads to an increase in the gaps for air passage between the plates 3 regenerative product, which reduces the breathing resistance to exhalation. When inhaling, the elastic element 2 also provides restoration of the shape of the body 1 and the respiratory bag 6, which ensures the creation of excess pressure, which reduces the resistance to breathing. When inhaling, the purified air from the breathing bag 6 again passes through the gaps between the plates of the regenerative product 3 and enters the mask 5 to the user. When this occurs, the compression of the walls of the housing 1 and the evacuation of purified air from the housing 1 by inspiration. When interacting with the plates of the regenerative product 2, carbon dioxide is absorbed and the oxygen necessary for respiration is released. The heat released during the operation of the plates of the regenerative product 2 is transferred through the walls of the housing 1 to the air in the breathing bag 6, through the wall of which it is scattered into the surrounding space. The excess air from the breathing bag is then discharged through the overpressure valve 7.

As described above, the work of the insulating breathing apparatus occurs when using the spacer element 12 and instead of using spring clips 10, the checks 13, which connects the fasteners of the checks 14 on the housing 1 with channels 15 formed by plates 16 fixed to the inner surface of the breathing bag 6.

The invention provides for the creation of excess pressure in the apparatus, eliminating the suction of ambient air in case of violation of the tight fit to the face of the respiratory isolation unit. This provides increased reliability of the apparatus.

Claims (6)

1. An insulating breathing apparatus based on chemically bonded oxygen, comprising a housing in the form of a shell made of a polymer film, which is installed in a breathing bag and connected to the isolation unit of the respiratory organs, in which the elastic element is placed and the plates of the regenerative product are fixed, characterized in that the opposite sides the elastic element is fixed to the walls of the breathing bag. 2. An insulating breathing apparatus based on chemically bound oxygen according to claim 1, characterized in that the elastic element is provided with spring clips. 3. An insulating breathing apparatus with chemically bound oxygen according to claim 1, characterized in that fasteners in the form of pockets are fixed on the inner surface of the walls of the respiratory bag. 4. An insulating breathing apparatus with chemically bound oxygen according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that the fastening element is made in the form of checks. 5. An insulating breathing apparatus based on chemically bound oxygen according to claim 1, characterized in that pads are attached to the inner surface of the front and rear walls of the breathing bag to form a channel for passing checks. 6. An insulating breathing apparatus based on chemically bound oxygen according to claim 1, characterized in that spacers are installed between the plates in the form of a curved elastic rod.

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