RU2428231C1 - Self-contained respiratory apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine. ^ SUBSTANCE: invention is referred to self-contained respiratory apparatuses using chemically combined oxygen, used for respiratory system protection in emergency. The self-contained respiratory apparatus comprises a body 1 of a polymer film accommodating a regenerative product 2 in the form of reinforced plates. The body 1 incorporates a resilient member in the form of a frame 8 made of a spring wire. Opposite sides of the frame 8 are connected by coupling bolts 9. A socket 7 is connected with a corrugated tube 3 by a connection 10 with a nut 11. Tapes 12 are passed in pairs through cuts 13 formed in the coupling bolts 9, and in between there is the regenerative product 2. Frame wire 8 ends are connected by end restraint in bushings 14. ^ EFFECT: invention provides uniform development of the regenerative product plates that allows decreasing apparatus weight, reducing breath resistance and providing more comfort of using the self-contained respiratory apparatus both in functioning position, and carrying. ^ 4 cl, 13 dwg

Description

The invention relates to chemically bound oxygen isolating breathing apparatus for protecting respiratory organs in an emergency.

Known insulating breathing apparatus on chemically bonded oxygen with a reciprocating or circulating breathing process, comprising a housing with a regenerative product connected to the isolation unit of the respiratory system with a connecting pipe and a breathing bag. In this device, one or two cavities are made in the regenerative product, which reduce the resistance to breathing (USSR Patent N 1419506, IPC АВВ 7/08, 1988).

However, this device is characterized by the following disadvantages:

- insufficient packing density: the mass of the regenerative product per unit volume of the housing is small due to the need to make cavities in the housing - in the lower part for both versions and in the upper one for the circulation version;

- the relatively high resistance of the cartridge during inspiration due to the need to clean the air from aerosols that enter the inhaled air from the regenerative product. The total resistance of the aerosol filter and heat exchanger nullifies the gain in resistance, which is achieved by creating cavities in the product;

- the conditions of use are unsatisfactory due to the inconvenience of wearing a device with a large mass and dimensions.

The greatest packing density and minimum dimensions when folded are achieved in an insulating breathing apparatus using chemically bound oxygen according to RF patent No. 2320384, IPC АВВ 7/08, 2008. The apparatus contains a body with a regenerative product connected to the respiratory isolation unit, installed in a breathing bag. A flow switch is installed between the front part and the casing, connected by an exhalation valve with the inlet of the casing and an inhalation valve with a cavity of the breathing bag and a filtering device, the casing with a regenerative product made in the form of a shell made of a polymer film divided into series-connected chambers, on the opposite walls of which are fixed regenerative product. The regenerative product is made in the form of corrugated plates of potassium superoxide with a reinforcing additive. The regenerative product is mounted on the walls of the chambers with ribbons of polymer material. Tapes made of polymer material are connected to the walls of the chambers in the spaces between the regenerative product and are fixed to the shell of the respiratory bag.

The disadvantage of this device is the relatively high resistance to breathing and the inconvenience of bringing the device into operation due to the need to force the deployment of the package when bringing the device to its working position. Such devices cannot work in the pendulum mode due to the possible collapse of the breathing bag during inspiration.

The objective of the invention is to improve the conditions of use.

The technical result of the invention is to reduce breathing resistance.

The technical result is achieved in that in a chemically bound oxygen insulating breathing apparatus containing a body in the form of a shell made of a polymer film connected to a respiratory isolation unit and installed in a breathing bag, an additional elastic element is placed in the body, the opposite sides of which are connected by side couplers, interconnected by ribbons, between which plates of the regenerative product are fixed.

The elastic element can be made in the form of a three-dimensional frame of a wire frame, the sides of which are Z-shaped, and the upper and lower parts are adjacent to the walls of the housing.

The elastic element can also be made in the form of a frame in the form of two interconnected frames, in which the ends of the sides are bent into the body.

The regenerative product is made in the form of potassium superoxide plates with a reinforcing additive.

Tapes made of polymeric material can be fixed in pairs in the slots of the couplers connecting the sides of the frame.

The room in the body of the elastic element, the opposite sides of which are connected by side ties, interconnected by tapes, between which the plates of the regenerative product are fixed, improves the conditions of use due to the possibility of wearing an apparatus in which the body with the regenerative product occupies a minimum volume, and after the seal is destroyed the walls of the case automatically move apart under the action of elastic forces, providing minimal resistance to breathing.

The execution of the elastic element in the form of a three-dimensional frame of a wire frame, the sides of which are Z-shaped, and the upper and lower parts are adjacent to the walls of the housing, which reduces the overall dimensions of the apparatus when worn and improves the conditions of use. Such an elastic element has a minimum weight and provides ease of assembly of the housing.

The implementation of the elastic element in the form of a frame in the form of two interconnected frames in which the ends of the sides are bent inside the case, reduces the overall characteristics of the apparatus when worn, and improves the conditions of use. Compared with the above described embodiment of the elastic element, the frame of two interconnected frames has greater rigidity and is preferred in insulating breathing apparatus with a long protective effect.

The fastening of tapes of polymer material in the slots of the couplers connecting the sides of the frame and made of polymer tapes, reduces the weight and overall characteristics of the apparatus.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, which depict:

figure 1 is a General view of an insulating breathing apparatus;

figure 2 is a General view of the body of the regenerative product, front view;

figure 3 is the same as in figure 2, side view;

4 is a view of an insulating breathing apparatus placed in a case;

5 is a side view of a regenerative product package in a working position;

Fig.6 is a view along arrow A of Fig.5 of the package of the regenerative product, top view;

Fig.7 - callout I Fig.6;

Fig - shows the frame, a side view in two positions: the working position and in a compressed state;

Fig.9 is the same as in Fig.8, front view;

figure 10 is the same as in Fig.8, a top view;

11 - shows a variant of the frame made of two interconnected halves in the working and folded positions, side view;

Fig.12 is the same as in Fig.11, a front view;

Fig.13 is the same as in Fig.11, a top view.

The list of items indicated in the drawings:

1 - case;

2 - regenerative product;

3 - corrugated tube;

4 - mask;

5 - a respiratory bag;

6 - overpressure valve;

7 - bell;

8 - frame;

9 - screed;

10 - connecting pipe;

11 - a nut;

12 - tape;

13 - slot;

14 - sleeve;

15 - cross screed.

16 - case body;

17 - case cover;

18 - spring clip;

19 - eye.

The insulating breathing apparatus contains a housing 1 made of a non-combustible F4-MB fluoroplastic film 50 μm thick, in which a regenerative product 2 is placed, made in the form of plates from 1 to 3 mm thick of potassium superoxide with a reinforcing additive. The housing 1 with a corrugated tube 3 is connected to the respiratory organs isolation unit in the form of a mask 4 and is installed in a breathing bag 5 equipped with an overpressure valve 6. A bell 7 is made in the upper part of the housing 1, which makes it convenient to fold the device into packaging. Inside the housing 1 is placed an elastic element in the form of a frame 8 made of spring steel wire with a thickness of 1 to 1.5 mm. The opposite sides of the frame 8 are connected by couplers 9. The socket 7 is connected to the corrugated tube 3 by a connecting pipe 10 with a nut 11. The tapes 12 are pairwise passed through the slots 13 made in the couplers 9 and the plates of the regenerative product 2 are placed between them.

The fastening of the plates of the regenerative product 2 is achieved by tensioning the tapes 12. The ends of the wire of the frame 8 are connected by pinching the ends in the bushings 14.

Figures 8, 9, 10 show the construction of an elastic element made in the form of a three-dimensional frame made in the form of a wire frame, the sides of which are Z-shaped, the upper and lower parts of the frame are adjacent to the walls of the housing 1. This frame provides restoration of the shape of the housing 1 after it is compressed by external force until the plates of the regenerative product 2 completely adhere to each other (Fig. 11 shows the position of the parts of the frame 8 in a compressed and unpressed position).

In figures 11, 12, 13 shows the design of an elastic element made in the form of a frame 8 in the form of two interconnected frames, in which the ends of the sides are bent inside the case. The free ends of the curved sections of the frames to increase the rigidity of the structure can be connected by transverse ties 15

The working part of the insulating breathing apparatus, including the housing 1 with the regenerative product 2, the corrugated tube 3, the mask 4 and the breathing bag 5 with the overpressure valve 6, is enclosed in a sealed shell (not shown) and placed in a case containing the case of the case 16 with the case cover 17. The case body 16 is equipped with a spring clip 18 for carrying the apparatus on a belt and two eyes 19 for carrying the apparatus on a shoulder strap (not shown).

The proposed device operates as follows.

An isolating breathing apparatus is used in case of a dangerous situation when the air becomes unhealthy due to a decrease in the oxygen content below the permissible level, or due to the presence of toxic substances in the air.

The device is transferred by the user in the danger zone either fixed by a spring clip 18 on the waist belt, or on the shoulder belt, threaded into the eyes 19. In this case, the housing 1 and the regenerative product are in a compressed state, as shown in Fig.4. To bring the insulating breathing apparatus into working position, the cover of the case 17 opens and the working part of the device, enclosed in a sealed enclosure, is removed from the case 16. When the hermetic shell ruptures, the frame 8, due to elastic forces, stretches the housing 1 and the screed 9. When the screed 9 is tensioned, the distance between the slots 13 and the belts 12 increases, which leads to the formation of gaps for air passage between the plates of the regenerative product 2. When the elastic element 2 -my option is the expansion relative to the bushings 14 connecting the two elements, the presence of the tie 15 eliminates the skew of the frames during compression and tension.

The mask 4 is worn on the user's head, during breathing, the exhaled air enters from the mask 4 through the corrugated tube 3 and the connecting pipe 10 with nut 11 into the socket 7. From the socket 7, the exhaled air enters the housing 1, in which it passes through the gaps between the plates of the regenerative product 2 into the breathing bag 5. When inhaling, the purified air from the breathing bag 5 again passes through the gaps between the plates of the regenerative product and enters the mask 4 for inhalation of the user. When interacting with the plates of the regenerative product 2, carbon dioxide is absorbed and the oxygen necessary for respiration is released. The heat released during the operation of the plates of the regenerative product 2 is transferred through the walls of the housing 1 to the air in the breathing bag 5, from which it is scattered into the surrounding space. The excess air from the breathing bag is then discharged through the overpressure valve 6.

The invention provides uniform testing of the plates of the regenerative product, which allows to reduce the weight of the apparatus, reduce breathing resistance and improve the usability of the insulating breathing apparatus both in the working position and when wearing it.

Claims (4)

1. An insulating breathing apparatus based on chemically bonded oxygen, comprising a housing in the form of a shell made of a polymer film connected to a respiratory isolation unit and installed in a breathing bag, characterized in that an elastic element is additionally placed in the housing, the opposite sides of which are connected by side ties interconnected by tapes, between which plates of the regenerative product are fixed. 2. An insulating breathing apparatus based on chemically bonded oxygen according to claim 1, characterized in that the elastic element is made in the form of a volumetric frame made of a wire frame, the sides of which are Z-shaped, and the upper and lower parts are adjacent to the walls of the body. 3. An insulating breathing apparatus based on chemically bonded oxygen according to claim 1, characterized in that the elastic element is made in the form of a frame in the form of two interconnected frames in which the ends of the sides are bent into the body. 4. The insulating breathing apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that the tapes of polymer material are pairwise fixed in the slots of the couplers connecting the sides of the frame.

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