RU65386U1 - RESPIRATORY PROTECTIVE DEVICE - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to personal protective equipment and can be used to protect respiratory organs, eyesight of the skin and face of a person’s head from hazardous chemicals and thermal effects in emergency situations.

The device is a helmet worn on a person’s head, made of fire-resistant and filtering-sorbing layers with a cuff of elastic material in the lower part of the helmet and contains a spectacle unit made in the form of a panoramic viewing screen, a suction cup with a check valve for exhalation, an attachment device for the suction cup, located on the outer fire-resistant layer and consisting of cords-ties made of elastic material threaded into the wings, the length of which is regulated by limiters, fixed on the outer fire a thick layer.

The filtering and sorbing layer is the following package of materials: one layer of antiaerosol material, two layers of sorbent carbon-filled paper and an internal hygiene layer facing the head and respiratory organs of the user.

Description

The utility model relates to personal protective equipment and can be used to protect respiratory organs, eyesight of the skin and face of a person’s head from hazardous chemicals and thermal effects in emergency situations.

Currently, in connection with natural disasters, technological disasters and terrorist acts, the role of various means of protecting the population is sharply increasing, with special means of protection playing a special role.

A protective hood is known from the prior art (utility model of the Russian Federation 15285, publ. 10.10.2000), made in the form of a bag of flexible transparent heat-resistant material, with a multilayer sorption-filter insert placed in it in the region of the respiratory organs of the user, containing at least one layer of fibrous heat-resistant material, one layer of anti-aerosol material and a hygienic layer facing the respiratory system of the user.

However, in this hood, the exhaled, and therefore saturated with water vapor, air passes through the same multilayer filter insert in the opposite direction of inhalation, which leads, after a short period of time, determined by the intensity of respiration, the magnitude of the load, and the ambient temperature, to poison the filter-sorbing element and deterioration of its protective properties.

Known protective hood (RF patent 2233680, publ. 08/10/2004), made in the form of a bag, with a sealed internal cavity, part of which is made of a transparent heat-resistant gas and / or vapor-proof material.

The disadvantage of the claimed hood is that the gas and vapor impermeable material delays the process of heat dissipation generated by humans, which is usually achieved by evaporation of sweat. Using

in clothes of this kind of material, especially in conditions of elevated temperatures (for example, during fires), leads to discomfort.

Known protective hood (RF patent 2266764, publ. 12/27/2005), made in the form of a bag of an airtight heat-resistant film. When working in the hood, use a nose clip and a mouthpiece with a mouthpiece.

The disadvantage of this hood is, in addition to the above: the use of an airtight material, and the fact that the hood contains a mouthpiece with a mouthpiece, the use of which forces the user to breathe only with his mouth, which creates inconvenience when breathing; in addition, in personal protective equipment for breathing and sight from toxic products in fires, the use of a mouthpiece is not permitted (NPB 302-2001 "Fire fighting equipment. Filter self-rescuers to protect respiratory organs and people's eyes during evacuation from buildings during a fire. General technical requirements. Test methods ", clause 3.4.2)

Known personal protective equipment (RF patent 2159646, publ. 11/27/2000), including a hood made of elastic material with a viewing window, a half mask with a cuff for attaching a filter-absorbing cartridge, hermetically connected to the hood, filter-absorbing cartridge, consisting of sequentially arranged the airflow of the aerosol filter and the charge of the absorber, an adjustable headband, while the charge of the absorber of the cartridge is made in the form of successive layers of hopcalite and catalyst, the viewing window is made but of two successive layers of transparent heat-resistant material.

This device allows you to achieve high quality air purification, but the disadvantage of an individual means of protection is the complexity and cumbersome design, the significant weight of the product and the inconvenience of operation.

Closest to the claimed is a respiratory protective device (RF patent 2289461, publ. 12/20/2006), containing a helmet worn on a person’s head made of fire-resistant material, with a hole in the lower part that fits snugly to the neck, eyeglass assembly and filtering material, hermetically sealed attached to the helmet mask, a suction cup located on the inside of the mask, with a check valve for releasing exhaled gas. The helmet is made in conjunction with the pelerine and consists of two separately manufactured layers - fire retardant and chemical protective filtering and sorbing, fastened together using a spectacle assembly, a check valve and a connecting seam along the pelerine. The helmet contains in the lower part a cuff made of elastic material, as well as a mounting device for the suction cup with a headband and buckles fixed on the inside of the chemical protective layer.

The disadvantage of a protective respiratory device is that the helmet, made in conjunction with a drape and fabric impregnated with copper ferrocyanide, placed between two layers of sorbent carbon-filled paper, structurally complicate the manufacture of the hood and increase its weight and volume. A significant drawback is the presence of a fastening system with a headband and buckles, which increases the preparation time for using the hood in an extreme situation, as well as the eyeglass assembly, which is a separate glass or polymer eyeglass lenses that limit the user's field of view.

The technical result of the proposed solution is to simplify the design, improve operational characteristics and increase the usability of a protective respiratory device designed to protect against hazardous chemicals and thermal effects during evacuation from the affected area.

The technical result is achieved by the described respiratory protective device. The device is a helmet worn on a person’s head, made of fire-resistant and filter-sorbing

layers with a cuff of elastic material in the lower part of the helmet and contains a spectacle unit made in the form of a panoramic viewing screen, a suction cup with a check valve for exhalation, a suction cup mount device located on the outer fire-resistant layer and consisting of elastic cords threaded into the wings material, the length of which is regulated by limiters, mounted on an external fire-resistant layer.

The filtering and sorbing layer is the following package of materials: one layer of antiaerosol material, two layers of sorbent carbon-filled paper and an internal hygiene layer facing the head and respiratory organs of the user.

A general view of the proposed device is presented in the drawing.

The device contains a helmet worn on the user's head, which consists of two separately manufactured layers: fire retardant (1) and filtering and sorbing (2), fastened together using a spectacle assembly (3), an expiration check valve (4) and a connecting sleeve for attaching the cuff made of elastic material (5). The helmet contains a suction cup (6) and a mounting device (7).

The fire-resistant layer is a woven material with a polymer discrete coating based on polyvinyl chloride, for which, for example, cotton-fiber fiber can be used (TU 8318-029-10725218-2004).

The filtering and sorbing layer is the following package of materials: one layer of antiaerosol material (for example, FPP 15-1.5 or FPKS 15-2.0), two layers of sorbent carbon-filled paper with active carbon content up to 40%, and the inner one facing the user's head and respiratory organs, a hygienic layer (not shown in the drawing) that prevents direct contact of the face with sorbent carbon-filled paper and made of cotton or synthetic fabric (for example, gauze or spunbond).

Sorbent carbon-filled paper (TU OP 5459-52-00281097-2005) is manufactured using high-performance technology used in the pulp and paper industry, using renewable plant fiber - cellulose and activated carbon (or mixtures of various types of coal). The material has the necessary porosity and low resistance to breathing, which ensures, along with high protective properties, a comfortable stay in products based on this material. At the same time, effective air purification is carried out by the entire surface of the helmet through a filtering and sorbing material.

The eyeglass unit (3) is made in the form of a panoramic viewing screen made, for example, of a heat-resistant film, which, in contrast to the eyeglass unit in the form of separate glasses, allows increasing the area of the field of view up to 75-77%.

The fastening device (7) is located on the external fire-retardant layer and consists of cords-ties made of elastic material threaded into the wings, the length of which is regulated by the limiters, while providing a quicker and denser clamp of the suction mask with ties to achieve their maximum tension.

The suction cup ensures that the mouth and nose are separated from the filter-sorbing material package, the even distribution of inhaled air and anti-fogging (or non-freezing) during the whole time the device is used, additional air purification, and together with the expiration check valve prevents the accumulation of carbon dioxide emitted during breathing .

The expiratory check valve is mounted in the suction cup and is used to divert exhaled air into the atmosphere.

A cuff made of elastic material (obturator) provides the necessary tightness of the respiratory device due to the snug fit of the material used (for example, rubber, latex) to the neck.

The fire-resistant and filter-sorbing layers are interconnected at the points of placement of the eyeglass assembly, non-return valve and the seam of attaching the obturator to the product.

In an emergency, for example, in a man-made accident or in a fire, the device is worn on the head. After passing through a filtering and sorbing layer (the entire surface of the hood), the air is cleaned and used for breathing.

As shown by the test results, the use of the inventive device provides a high degree of protection against hazardous chemicals for a period of time specified by regulatory documents, quick, convenient use in extreme conditions; at the same time, the simplicity and convenience of the device used is ensured by tight pressing of the suction cup with cords-ties until they reach their maximum tension, a larger viewing size (increase in the field of view) and a lower total weight of the device.

Claims (3)

1. Respiratory protective device, comprising a helmet made of fire-resistant and filtering-sorbing layers, with an opening in the lower part with a cuff tightly fitting to the neck, made of elastic material, a spectacle assembly, a mask located on the inside of the mask, with a mounting device and check valve for exhalation, characterized in that a panoramic viewing screen is used as a spectacle assembly, and the fastening device is cords made of elastic material threaded into the wings, the length of which is adjustable restraints mounted on an external fire retardant layer. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the filtering and sorbing material is the following package of materials: one layer of antiaerosol material, two layers of carbon-filled paper and an inner layer facing the user's head and respiratory organs, a hygienic layer made of cotton or synthetic tissue. 3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the viewing screen is made of heat-resistant film.