RU196244U1 - PROTECTIVE CAPE FOREST FIRE - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model protective cape of a forest fireman refers to personal protective equipment and can be used to protect forest firefighters from heat, smoke, sparks, toxic combustion products and compensate for the lack of oxygen during the passage of the fire shaft. The protective cape of a forest fireman is made of non-combustible heat-reflecting and heat-insulating material, the upper part of which is a cap having a window in the face area closed with a high-reflection transparent reinforced metal mesh film an impressive ability in the field of the thermal and visible radiation spectrum and an open flame, as well as a breathing device containing a filter and a mouthpiece, to which an oxygen cylinder with an oxygen supply regulator is connected, and the lower one is shaped like a cloak-tent with two valves for threading hands. harboring a fireman with a knapsack fire extinguisher put on him. Hands of a firefighter and a backpack fire extinguisher with a hydraulic remote control are under a protective cape and protected. If necessary, they are led out through the protective cap valves. With a lack of oxygen in the atmosphere, the firefighter turns the oxygen supply regulator by the amount he needs, sufficient to compensate for the lack of oxygen. 2 s.p. f-ly, 2 Fig.

Description

The utility model relates to personal protective equipment and can be used to protect forest firefighters from heat, smoke, sparks, toxic combustion products and to compensate for the lack of oxygen during the passage of the fire shaft.

The causes of death of forest firefighters are different: from an incorrect assessment of the situation and, accordingly, the adopted wrong decisions and actions to a sharp change in the direction and strength of the wind, leading to an increase in the intensity of combustion and a change in the direction of movement of the fire. Damaging factors: heat flow, a drop in the concentration of oxygen in the air and an increase in toxic substances.

The invention is known as "Protective clothing" (patent RU 2005393, published January 15, 1994). Clothing includes a jumpsuit with a hood made of two layers - external and internal, and equipped with flaps with a fastener located in the area of the bottom of the trousers and neck, and has a protective shield for the face. The disadvantages of this invention are the large weight and lack of a respiratory protection system.

The invention is known "Protective helmet" (patent RU 2252049, published 05/20/2005). The helmet is intended for the evacuation of forest firefighters from the zone of a high forest fire or waiting for the passage of the fire shaft in place, to extinguish a fire in conditions of severe smoke, to evacuate people from burning buildings. It contains a cap that freely covers the head and fits tightly in the neck of the user due to the sealing device made of heat-resistant flexible material. The helmet has a window in the eye area of the user made of heat-resistant transparent flexible material and a breathing device, including filter elements containing activated carbon. The material of the window is made of a polymer film with a heat-reflecting coating on its outer side. The cap material is made with a heat-protective coating, and the cap sealing device is made in the form of braid with a clamp and is movably fixed on the outer surface of the cap, and the breathing device is made in the form of a housing having a mouthpiece for breathing and containing filter elements in the form of alternating layers of activated carbon and hopcalite. The end face of the body is closed by a smoke-filter element, and the body of the respiratory device is protected by heat-resistant heat-reflecting material with an air-permeable layer made on the inside of the material.

A protective helmet allows you to breathe clean air in a toxic, smoky atmosphere and protects a person's head from thermal radiation.

The present invention has a high degree of protection, but cannot compensate for the low oxygen content in the fire zone due to its burnout.

Protective heat-reflecting cape (patent RU 94463, published May 27, 2010) made of a non-combustible two-layer material, characterized in that the outer layer of a non-combustible two-layer material is made of aluminum foil, and the back layer is of a material that does not support combustion - fabric or thermoplastic film .

The cape contains in the upper part a hood equipped with a hole at the face level, covered with a transparent non-combustible film and can be equipped with a built-in filter element to protect the human respiratory system during evacuation from the smoke zone. To use the filter element, a mouthpiece or suction cup located inside the hood may be provided.

The disadvantage of this cape is the same: it cannot compensate for the low oxygen content in the fire zone due to its burnout. In addition, a cloak made with a continuous cut in front (fully open) does not protect well from heat radiation and hot air, a wraped cloak that is worn over the head also hides hands, thereby significantly hampering the actions of a firefighter.

All three considered devices are close to the claimed utility model.

The objective of the claimed utility model is additional protection against thermal radiation during the passage of the fire shaft, from toxic combustion products, compensation for the lack of oxygen in the fire zone and the possibility of a firefighter taking active measures to extinguish the fire.

The technical result of the claimed utility model is achieved by the fact that the protective cape of a forest firefighter made of non-combustible heat-reflecting and heat-insulating material, the upper part of which is a cap with a window in the face area covered by a transparent reinforced metal mesh film with high reflectivity in the thermal and visible spectrum radiation and an open flame, as well as a breathing apparatus containing a filter and mouthpiece to which an oxygen balloon is connected IR with an oxygen regulator, and the lower part is tailored in the form of a cloak-tent with two valves for threading hands.

In FIG. 1 shows the location of a protective cape on a forest fireman.

In FIG. 2 shows a diagram of a breathing apparatus with an oxygen canister with an oxygen supply regulator.

The cap 1 is separated from the lower part 2 of the protective cape by a sleeve 3, which is pulled together around the collar of the protective clothing of the fireman or protective hood (Fig. 1) with a cord device (known product). The lower part of the protective cape is spacious, sufficient for quick donning through the head of a fireman with a backpack fire extinguisher put on him. Below the sleeve 3 in the front part of the cape there is a canister 4 with oxygen and an oxygen supply regulator 5, the tube 6 from which passes through the sleeve 3 and is connected to the breathing device 7 between the two check valves 8. The breathing device 7 (Fig. 2) contains a filter 9 purification of air from toxic combustion products and dust, check valves 8, clean air supply hose 10 and mouthpiece 11. Tubes for exhaling 12 from the mouthpiece pass through the sleeve 3 into the lower part of the protective cape. The location of the oxygen canister and regulator in the lower part of the cape ensures their easy accessibility and ease of management. The lower part of the protective cape (Fig. 1) has two valves 13 for threading the hands and the control panel to the outside.

The use of a protective cape.

In case of danger, the firefighter throws a protective cape over his head over himself, correctly places the cap on his head, takes the mouthpiece in his mouth, raises the collar of protective clothing and tightly tightens the sleeve on the collar with a cord device. If the fireman is wearing a protective hood, he unfastens the net at the hole at the level of the mouth and passes through it a hose with a mouthpiece and exhalation hoses to the mouth. The coupling is tightened around the collar of the hood.

Inhalation of air occurs through the mouth, and exhalation can be done through the mouth or through the nose. When inhaling, both check valves 8 open and air passes through the filter 9, valve 8, clean air supply hose 10 and mouthpiece 11 into the lungs. When you exhale, the valve 8 closes and air from the lungs through the tubes 12 is removed into the cavity of the lower part of the cape. Hands of a firefighter and a backpack fire extinguisher with a hydraulic remote control are under a protective cover and are protected from hot air, thermal radiation and flame. If necessary, they are led out through the protective cap valves. With a lack of oxygen in the atmosphere, the firefighter turns the oxygen supply regulator by the amount he needs, sufficient to compensate for the lack of oxygen.

Claims (3)

1. A protective cape of a forest fireman made of non-combustible heat-reflecting and heat-insulating material, the upper part of which is a cap with a window in the face area covered by a film with a high reflectivity in the region of the thermal and visible radiation spectrum and an open flame, reinforced with a metal mesh, and also a breathing apparatus comprising a filter and mouthpiece, characterized in that the lower part of the cape is separated from the cap by a sleeve that tightly tightens onto the collar protective clothing of a firefighter, tailored in the form of a cloak-tent with two valves for threading hands, in which there is an oxygen canister and an oxygen supply regulator in the front part, the tube from which passes through the sleeve and connected to the breathing device, covers the fireman with him with a backpack fire extinguisher. 2. A protective cape according to claim 1, characterized in that the breathing apparatus comprises two check valves, between which an oxygen supply tube is connected. 3. The protective cape according to claim 1, characterized in that in the breathing apparatus, the exhalation tubes from the mouthpiece pass through the sleeve to the bottom of the protective cape.

Images