RU2513183C2 - Underground horizontal water intake of combined design - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to hydraulic engineering construction, namely, to water intake structures, and may be used to take water from underground sources in case of shallow ground water. The underground horizontal water intake comprises a water-collecting trench 1 and a water-collecting well 7. On the bottom of the water-collecting trench 1 there are gabion mats 2 with drainage devices laid in longitudinal rows. Gabion mats 2 comprise light fascines and perforated pipes laid in alternating rows and rolled into a gabion net. On top of gabion mats 2 along the trench there are flexible mats 5, made of a draining filler, which is made of tight rows of light fascines, rolled into a geonet. In the head part of the trench there is a rigid tray 6 of rectangular section, the cantilever part of which with a slope enters into a water-collecting well 7. Gabion mats with drainage devices are laid from the trench to the middle of the tray 6. The underground horizontal water intake most effectively may be used in coastal and flood-plain sections of waterlogged soils with depth of soil water free-flow level up to 7 m. The water-intake is designed for water supply of a small settlement, an agricultural enterprise, a farm and an individual household.

EFFECT: reduced labour intensiveness of construction and higher efficiency of operation of a water intake structure.

6 dwg

Description

The invention relates to hydraulic engineering, and in particular to water intake structures used for abstraction of water from underground sources with shallow occurrence of groundwater.

A relatively close technical solution is an underground horizontal water intake [1, 2], containing a water-receiving stone-gravel trench and a drainage well. The main disadvantages of this technical solution are the complexity of the manufacture of filtering dusting and the need for a large amount of stone material.

The purpose of the invention is to reduce the complexity of construction and increase work efficiency.

This goal is achieved by the fact that in the underground horizontal water intake containing a water intake trench and a drainage well, gabion mattresses with drainage devices consisting of light fascines and perforated pipes laid in alternating rows and wrapped in a gabion net are located in longitudinal rows at the bottom of the water intake trench flexible mattresses are laid along the trench, consisting of a draining aggregate, which is made of dense rows of light fascines wrapped in a geogrid, and in the mouth of the A rigid rectangular-shaped tray is provided for our house, the cantilever part of which with a slope enters the drainage well, while gabion mattresses with drainage devices are laid from the trench to the middle of the tray.

Figure 1 shows a longitudinal section of the main section of the horizontal underground water intake; figure 2 is the same in plan; figure 3 is a cross section of an underground horizontal water intake; figure 4 - gabion mattress; figure 5 - flexible mattress; figure 6 shows a light fascin from dry reeds.

The underground horizontal water intake consists of a water receiving trench 1, gabion mattresses 2 with drainage devices made of light fascines 3 and perforated pipes 4, layered in layers and wrapped in a gabion net. On top of the gabion mattresses 2 flexible mattresses 5 are laid in longitudinal rows, made of light fascia 3, wrapped in a geogrid. A rigid tray 6 of rectangular cross section is arranged in the mouth of the trench 1, laid along the slope of the trench with a cantilever inlet to the drainage well 7. For intake of water from the well 7, a suction pipe 8 is arranged.

Underground horizontal water intake is constructed as follows.

First, dry and ripened reeds are harvested in sufficient quantities and brought to the construction site of the water intake. Then, the required number of light fashions 3 is made from reeds, of which, laying in layers with perforated pipes 4, gabion mattresses are made 2. From light fashions 3, wrapping them in a geogrid for 4-5 pieces, flexible mattresses are also made 5. Next, in the aquifer soil, with a shallow depth of the groundwater level, develop a water intake trench 1 of the required depth and width, as well as a pit under the drainage well 7. After that, plan the bottom of the pit under the drainage well 7 and the bottom of the trench 1 under the gabion mattresses 2, flexible mattresses 5 and hard th tray 6. In this case, the slope of the trench 1 towards the well 7, which ensures the effective intake and removal of filtered water, is 0.02 ... 0.05. Then at the same time build a water collecting well 7 and a rigid tray 6 of concrete, reinforced concrete or other safe polymeric material. After gaining the necessary strength of the materials of the well 7 and the tray 6, gabion mattresses are laid in two tight rows along the trench so that the perforated pipes 4 (adjacent to the mattresses 2) respectively enter each other along the slope and the flow of water. Thus, the gabion mattresses 2 are mounted along the entire length of the trench 1 to the middle of the hard tray 6. On top of the gabion mattresses, flexible mattresses 5 are also laid in longitudinal rows, in dense rows in two layers with a dressing and attached in places to the gabion mattresses 2. Gabion mattresses can have the following sizes : 30 × 20 × 120 cm, 35 × 25 × 150 cm, 40 × 30 × 200 cm and others. And flexible mattresses 5 are made 150-200 cm long and 20-25 cm in diameter. After that, on top of the flexible mattresses they lay the appropriate (removed from the aquifer) soil to the top of the trench with uniform compaction to its natural state. At the end, a suction pipe is mounted in the drainage well 7 so that the inlet of the nozzle is 30 cm above the bottom. After the construction is completed, the area around the water intake structure is planned and equipped so that the surface water flow does not penetrate into trench 1 or into well 7.

Underground horizontal water intake combined design works as follows.

In a gravity-free aquifer, due to the fact that the groundwater level is higher than gabion and flexible mattresses, water flows by gravity to flexible mattresses 5, which have good water reception properties, from them to gabion mattresses 2, where water penetrates through drainage holes into drainage perforated pipes 4, which ensure (due to slope) the transport and ingress of water through the hard tray 6 into the drainage well 7. Lightweight fascia 3 made of dry reeds is a good drainage material that retains Custom properties (without decomposition) 15-20 years. After 12-15 years, the drainage materials of the water-receiving trench, i.e. gabion 2 and flexible mattresses 5 were replaced and repositioned. To ensure efficient operation of the structure from the catchment well, it is necessary to ensure continuous water intake through the suction pipe of a stationary pump station or a deep pump.

An underground horizontal water intake of combined design can most effectively be used in coastal and floodplain areas of aquifers with a depth of occurrence of a pressureless groundwater level of up to 7 m.

Underground horizontal water intake is intended for water supply of a small settlement, agricultural enterprise, farming and individual farming.

Information sources

1. A.M. Tugai. Water supply. Water intake facilities. - Kiev .: Vishka school. Head Publishing House, 1984. S.163-165.

2. Abramov I.N. Water supply. - M .: 1982 - S.191-194.

Claims (1)

An underground horizontal water intake of combined design, comprising a water receiving trench and a water collecting well, characterized in that gabion mattresses with drainage devices consisting of light fascines and perforated pipes stacked in alternating rows and wrapped in a gabion net are located in longitudinal rows at the bottom of the water trench flexible mattresses are laid along the trench, consisting of a draining aggregate, which is made of dense rows of light fascines wrapped in a geogrid, and at the mouth the second part of the trench is provided rigid tray rectangular cantilever portion of which comes with a slope in the drainage pit, with gabion mattresses with drainage devices are stacked from the trench to the middle of the tray.

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