RU2511237C1 - Device for planting grain crop seeds - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: device for planting grain crop seeds comprises a housing in which a furrow-forming device is mounted, and a drill tube. The furrow-forming device is made in the form of two circular blades having a cutting edge, mounted on bearings parallel to the direction of movement. The blades on both sides are provided with furrow-forming plates of a polymeric material. The plates are attached to the blades with bolted-type connection.

EFFECT: use of the invention enables to improve the uniformity of distribution of grain crop seeds when sown on wet and waterlogged soils.

2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of agricultural engineering, namely to sowing machines.

A device with double-disc coulters is known, which is used for sowing seeds of grain crops [1], consisting of two flat steel disks with a diameter of 350 mm, installed at an angle of 18 °, attached to a cast iron housing through a shaft through ball bearings. Deepening into the soil is carried out under the pressure of coil springs worn on rods, the lower ends of which are supported by leashes, and the upper ends are pivotally connected to the lifting forks of the double-disc coulters attached to the cam shaft. The disadvantage of this technical solution is that:

- the double-disc coulter works like a two-sided wedge, spreading moist soil, forms a furrow, and due to soil sticking on the surface of the discs, the seeder becomes inoperative, and a sowing hill forms under the coulter, which violates the uniformity of seed sowing in depth;

- seeder performance is lost in the presence of crop residues on the surface of the field.

The closest technical solution is a seeder (prototype), containing batteries from rollers assembled on one common shaft and mounted on a frame [2]. The disadvantages of this technical solution are the uneven distribution of seeds of grain crops and poor copying of the field microrelief.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the uniformity of the distribution of seeds of grain crops and the operability of the device by reducing the sticking of the working surfaces of the soil and crop residues when sowing on moist and waterlogged soils.

This goal is achieved by the fact that two circular knives are installed parallel to the direction of movement and are equipped on both sides with furrow-forming overlays made of polymer material, bolted to them.

Figure 1 shows a seeder with a device for sowing seeds of grain crops - a General view, figure 2 - device for sowing seeds of grain crops - section.

A device for sowing seeds of grain crops (Fig. 2) includes a furrow former in the form of two circular knives 1 with a cutting edge, on both sides of which furrow-forming pads 2 of polymer material are fastened with bolted joints. On the outside of the disk knives 1, a hub 3 and a cover 4 are attached, inside of which there is a bearing 5. In the inner ring of the bearing 5, a bolt rod 6 is pressed in. The disk knives 1 are mounted parallel to the direction of movement of the device. Between the circular knives 1 and the lateral round protrusion 7 of the housing 8 there is a rubber ring seal 9. The housing 8 has a ridge 10 on top, in the front of which there is a socket 11 (Fig. 1) for attaching the lead 12, and the rear - bell 13. To the bell 13 connects the seed tube 14, and a dividing funnel 15 is attached to the lower part of the ridge 10. The deepening of the disk knives 1 with furrow-forming pads 2 into the soil is carried out by pressing the coil springs 16, worn on the rods 17, the lower ends of which are supported on the leads 12, and the upper ends are connected rnirno with lifting forks 18.

A device for sowing seeds of grain crops in moist and waterlogged soils works as follows.

Circular knives 1 with furrow-forming pads 2 are deepened into the soil by pressing coil springs 16, put on the rod 17. When moving the device, the disc knives 1 rotate on bearings 5 and cut off the crop residues and lumps of soil remaining on the field surface, and the furrow-forming pads 2 form the correct geometric the shape of the furrow. Since the furrow-forming pads 2 are made of a polymer material, the possibility of sticking of the working surfaces with moist soil is reduced, and the evenness of seed placement in depth is increased. In this case, the seeds of grain crops through the vas deferens 14 are sent to a separatory funnel 15, in which the flow of seeds is divided and laid evenly on the bottom of the furrow. To prevent the ingress of sand and dust on the bearing 5, the hub 3 is closed externally by a cover 4, and from the inside between the lateral round protrusion 7 and the housing 8 there is a rubber ring seal 9.

Thus, the device for sowing seeds of grain crops provides a uniform distribution of seeds and increases the efficiency of the device by reducing the sticking of the working surfaces of the soil and crop residues when sowing on moist and waterlogged soils. In addition, the use of the device will provide the seeds with the necessary nutritional area and carry out sowing work in the required agricultural time.

The use of a device for sowing seeds of grain crops on moist and waterlogged soils will help to reduce the consumption of fuels and lubricants due to a decrease in the traction resistance of the seeder.

Information sources

1. G.E. Listopad, G.K. Demidov, B.D. Zonov and others. Agricultural and reclamation machines. - M .: Agropromizdat, 1986.- 688 p.

2. Patent RU No. 2166242 C1, A01C 7/20, Bull. No 13 on 05/10/2001

3. Hakhov M.A., Kaskulov M.Kh. Investigation of the work process of ribbed rollers of a sowing machine // Bulletin of the KBSC RAS, No. 1 (9). - Nalchik, 2003 - S. 31-34.

Claims (1)

A device for sowing seeds of grain crops, including the seed tube and a housing in which a furrow former in the form of two circular knives with a cutting edge mounted on bearings is fixed, characterized in that the two circular knives are mounted parallel to the direction of movement and are provided on both sides with furrow-forming overlays made of polymer material bolted to them.

Images