RU2506068C1 - Vehicle for persons with disabilities - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine.

SUBSTANCE: invention refers to vehicles and may be used in wheelchair designs. A vehicle for persons with disabilities comprising a frame with an armchair provided with carrier wheels providing the travelling along a plane surface, and carrier elements providing the travelling on the stairs, a transmission mechanism for the mode change. The wheelchair is provided with a remote control, an arm rest, a foot rest; the remote control is electrically connected with an electronic control unit which is turn is electrically connected with a power unit and a linear drive.

EFFECT: simplifying the design ensured by aligning the axes of the carrier elements and carrier wheels, as well as ensuring reliability by the fact that the carrier wheel and carrier element are placed on the same power shaft.

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Description

The invention relates to transport devices and can be used in the construction of wheelchairs.

A vehicle is known (RF Patent No. 2421364, class B62D 57/028, publ. 06/20/2011, patent holder Ilya Vladimirovich Nesterov), comprising a body made of upper and lower platforms, the lower of which is mounted on the running supports, and on the upper platform the seat is installed, the seat tilt mechanism relative to the upper platform and the mechanism for controlling the movement of the device with the drive, and the lower platform is made of two parts in length pivotally connected to each other in the center, and the upper platform is also made of two parts in length not, but at the junction of all parts of the upper and lower platforms, a ball bearing is installed, each of the running supports of the lower platform is made of several central rollers installed one after the other, and several peripheral rollers displaced in a vertical plane, and the drive movement and drive control mechanism made in the form of a remote control connected to a mechanical command converter.

The disadvantage of this solution is the design complexity due to the presence of several axles for rollers mounted one after the other, and peripheral rollers displaced in a vertical plane. In addition, each roller has its own drive shafts, which reduces the reliability of the device.

A vehicle for the disabled is also known (RF Patent No. 22206964, class A61G 5/06, A61G 5/02, B62B 9/06, published January 10, 2004, patent holder Vladimir Lokseev), containing a frame with an armchair, equipped with supporting guides and driven pair of wheels, providing a mode of movement on a flat surface, and supporting elements, providing a mode of movement on stairs, as well as a mechanism for transferring a vehicle from one mode of movement to another, characterized in that the frame is made of two semi-frames, each of which is equipped with a wheel a swarm and a pair of support elements, the latter being given a cruciform shape, they are mounted for rotation on horizontal axes and each of them is separately kinematically connected to the power take-off shaft, and worm gearboxes are used to transmit movement directly to the axis of the support elements, in addition, half frames connected to each other pivotally, with the possibility of rotation around the main horizontal axis, located both between the axes of rotation of the support wheels, and between the axes of rotation of the support elements, in addition first, the mechanism for transferring the vehicle from one mode to another is made in the form of levers rigidly fastened preferably at right angles with the side elements of one of the half-frames at the location of the main horizontal axis, and the levers are equipped with stops installed to interact with the curved guide surface of the vertical plates equipped with holes to accommodate the main horizontal axis and rigidly fastened to the side surfaces of the second half frame, on the sides of the chair.

The disadvantage of this solution is the design complexity due to the presence of several axles: for the support wheels providing the mode of movement on a flat surface, its own horizontal axes, and for the supporting elements providing the mode of movement on the stairs, other horizontal axes serve. Moreover, each support wheel and support elements have their own drive shafts, which reduces the reliability of the device. The lever performs only the function of transferring the vehicle from one driving mode to another and does not participate as a support when the vehicle is moving.

The technical result of the invention is to simplify the design by combining the axes of the support elements and the support wheels, as well as to ensure reliability due to the fact that the support wheel and the support element are installed on the same drive shaft, and the expansion of the functionality of the structural elements.

The technical result is achieved in that the vehicle for the disabled, containing a frame with a chair, equipped with support wheels providing a mode of movement on a flat surface, and supporting elements providing a mode of movement on stairs, the mechanism for transferring a vehicle from one mode of movement to another is made in the form levers, while the supporting wheels and supporting elements are mounted to rotate on horizontal axes, and the horizontal axes are located on a solid frame, supporting elements nts, support wheels equipped with wheels of a smaller diameter, are located on one horizontal axis so that between the wheel of a smaller diameter and the support wheel with a drive shaft, support elements are evenly mounted around the circumference, articulated by levers through the support axes with the support wheel and a wheel of smaller diameter; a wheel of a smaller diameter has the possibility of axial movement and a rotation limiter on the drive shaft; the wheel of smaller diameter is provided with a groove where the annular end of the rod is installed, the second end of the rod is pivotally connected to the linear drive; each support wheel, support element, wheel of a smaller diameter are mounted on one drive shaft equipped with a power unit; the chair is equipped with a control panel, armrest, platform for legs; the control panel is electrically connected to the electronic control unit, which in turn is electrically connected to the power plant and linear drive.

The proposed vehicle for the disabled is illustrated by drawings, where:

Figure 1 - layout of the components of the vehicle for the disabled in the mode of movement on a flat surface.

Figure 2 - arrangement of the components of the vehicle for the disabled in the mode of moving up the stairs.

1 - frame;

2 - a chair;

3 - a basic wheel;

4 - supporting element;

5 - a mechanism for transferring a vehicle from one driving mode to another;

6 - lever;

7 - a wheel of smaller diameter;

8 - a drive shaft;

9 - support;

10 - axis of the support;

11 - limiter;

12-1 - groove of the drive shaft;

12-2 - the groove of the wheel of a smaller diameter;

13 - annular end of the thrust;

14 - thrust;

15 - the second end of the thrust;

16 - linear drive;

17 - power plant (electric motor);

18 - control panel;

19 - armrest;

20 - platform for the legs;

21 - control unit.

A vehicle for the disabled, containing a frame 1 (Fig. 1, 2), for example, of aluminum alloy D16 with a seat 2, equipped with support wheels 3, providing a mode of movement on a flat surface, and supporting elements 4, providing a mode of movement on stairs. The transfer mechanism 5 of the vehicle from one driving mode to another is made in the form of levers 6, for example, in the form of plates. The supporting wheels 3 and the supporting elements 4 are mounted for rotation on horizontal axes, the horizontal axes being located on the solid frame 1, the supporting elements 4, the supporting wheels 3 provided with wheels 7 of a smaller diameter, are located on one horizontal axis so that between the wheel 7 of a smaller the diameter and the support wheel 3 with the drive shaft 8 around the circumference are evenly mounted supports 9 of the support element 4, articulated by levers 6 through the axis 10 of the support 9 with the support wheel 3 and the wheel 7 of smaller diameter. The smaller diameter wheel 7 has axial movement and a rotation limiter 11 on the drive shaft 8 and is installed in the groove 12-1 of the drive shaft 8. The smaller diameter wheel 7 is provided with a groove 12-2 where the ring end 13 of the link 14, the second end 15 of the link 14 is installed pivotally connected to linear drive 16. Each support wheel 3, support element 4, wheel 7 of smaller diameter are mounted on one drive shaft 8, equipped with a power unit 17, for example an electric motor. The chair 1 is equipped with a control panel 18, an armrest 19, a platform for legs 20. The control panel 18, for example in the form of a “joystick”, is electrically connected to the electronic control unit 21, which in turn is electrically connected, for example, by wires to the power unit 17 and linear drive 16.

The work of the proposed vehicle for the disabled is as follows.

The driver seats himself in chair 2 so that his elbows are on the armrests 19, and his feet rests on the platform 20. After that, four electric motors 17 are turned on with one hand through the control panel 18. After turning on the electric motors 17, the four support wheels 3 are rotated, and the device begins to move, while supporting elements 4 also rotate with a wheel 7 of smaller diameter.

When moving along a horizontal plane with a hard coating, only the support wheels 3 are supported on the displacement plane, while the supporting element 4 and the wheel 7 of a smaller diameter do not participate in the movement, although they also rotate.

When moving along a horizontal plane with a non-solid coating, the support wheels 3 are supported at the beginning on the displacement plane, if they are buried, for example, in the ground, sand, wheels with a smaller diameter 7 begin to participate in the movement, if the vehicle burrows further, then the supports 9 the supporting element 4, if buried further, then levers 6, made in the form of flat plates, take part.

When moving along a horizontal plane with an uneven coating, such as a pit, the support wheels 3 are supported at the beginning at the beginning, if they fall into the pit, a smaller diameter wheel 7 starts to take part in the movement, if a smaller diameter 7 also falls over, then supports 9 of the supporting element 4 of the crashed supporting wheels 3, if the bearings 9 also fall, then the levers 6, made in the form of flat plates, take part.

The movement of the vehicle up the stepped surface is as follows.

The driver through the control panel 18 puts the supporting element 4 in the "ladder" mode. In this case, the supports 9 participate in the movement. The linear actuator 16 shifts the wheels 7 of smaller diameter to the support wheels 3 and engages the supports 3 in engagement with the staircase. In this case, linear drives 16 of the front wheels 7 of smaller diameter shift the rod 14 to a smaller distance, than linear drives 16 bias the traction 14 of the rear wheels 7 of a smaller diameter, while the driver’s chair 2 remains in a horizontal position, i.e. the supports 9 on the rear wheels extend for a larger diameter than the supports 9 on the front wheels.

The movement of the vehicle down a stepped surface is as follows.

The driver through the control panel 18 puts the supporting element 4 in the "ladder" mode. In this case, the supports 9 participate in the movement. The linear actuator 16 shifts the wheels 7 of smaller diameter to the support wheels 3 and engages the supports 3 in engagement with the ladder surface. In this case, linear drives 16 of the front wheels 7 of smaller diameter shift the rod 14 to a greater distance, than linear drives 16 bias the traction 14 of the rear wheels 7 of a smaller diameter, while the driver’s chair 2 remains in a horizontal position, i.e. supports 9 on the rear wheels extend for a smaller diameter than supports 9 on the front wheels. If there is a slope in the transverse direction, the supports 9 extend to the left or right.

To rotate the vehicle in a horizontal plane, the driver through the control panel turns off the left or right electric motors 17. If the left electric motors 17 are turned off, turn left, if the right electric motors 17 are turned off, turn right. After the turn is completed, all electric motors 17 are turned on, and the vehicle is driven in a straight line.

Unlike the prototype, where it is difficult for the driver to be in a horizontal position, the proposed design of a vehicle for disabled people allows you to get a vehicle for moving on both horizontal and inclined surfaces, for example along staircases, and ensures a constant position of the driver's seat in a horizontal position. When moving downhill, stability is ensured by aligning the structure with respect to the pivot points, which expands the functionality of the support elements, i.e. perform a regulatory function.

Unlike the prototype, where the support wheels and support elements are located on different horizontal axes and have different drive shafts, in the proposed technical solution, the axis of the support elements and the axis of the support wheels are located on the same horizontal axis and each support wheel, support element, wheel of a smaller diameter are installed on one drive shaft equipped with a power plant, which simplifies the design of the device.

Unlike the prototype, where the levers only perform the function of a mechanism for transferring a vehicle from one driving mode to another, in the proposed technical solution, the arrangement of the levers between the support and the support wheel and the support and the wheel with a smaller diameter, also making them in the form of plates, allows the use of surfaces plates (levers) when buried in sand, the earth as a working bearing surface, that is, they perform both the function of a mechanism for transferring a vehicle from one driving mode to another, and is a working one supporting surface, increasing the contact surface. Simplifies the design, increases functionality, increases reliability.

From the foregoing, it follows that this device is industrially applicable and solves the technical problem.

Claims (1)

A vehicle for people with disabilities, comprising a frame with a seat, equipped with support wheels providing a mode of movement on a flat surface, and supporting elements providing a mode of movement on stairs, the mechanism for transferring a vehicle from one mode of movement to another is made in the form of levers, while the supporting wheels and supporting elements are mounted rotatably on horizontal axes, characterized in that the horizontal axes are located on a solid frame, the supporting elements, the supporting wheels are provided with with wheels of a smaller diameter, are located on one horizontal axis so that between the wheel of a smaller diameter and the support wheel with the drive shaft, the supports of the support element are uniformly mounted around the circumference, articulated by levers through the support axes with the support wheel and the wheel of smaller diameter; a wheel of a smaller diameter has the possibility of axial movement and a rotation limiter on the drive shaft; the wheel of smaller diameter is provided with a groove where the annular end of the rod is installed, the second end of the rod is pivotally connected to the linear drive; each support wheel, support element, wheel of a smaller diameter are mounted on one drive shaft equipped with a power unit; the chair is equipped with a control panel, armrest, platform for legs; the control panel is electrically connected to the electronic control unit, which in turn is electrically connected to the power plant and linear drive.

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