RU2497661C1 - Timber working machine tool - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: process engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to woodworking and can be used in production of blanks for erection of timber houses, bath-houses, etc. Machine tool comprises stationary bed 1 supporting vertical struts 2, 3 to center and secure flitch 11 by flywheel. Cutting mechanism is composed of carriage reciprocating along said flitch. Carriage accommodates working tools including mills fitted on log both sides, their drives and adjustment mechanisms. Every said mill is composed of two symmetric halves. Saw disc are secured between mill halves to make lengthwise sawcuts along the entire log surface without residual strains. Sawdisc OD is larger than that of the mill by magnitude subject to log diameter. Machine tool comprises also extra spindle 10 arranged in horizontal plane parallel with log clamping axis. Said extra spindle carries device 14 for introduction of glue in said lengthwise sawcut and device to pack machined log in the film to prevent glue bleeding Log is tuned by geared motor 4. Glue feed device height adjustment if performed by mechanisms 17. Rotation is transmitted to second mechanism by chain gear 18 to prevent skewing.

EFFECT: higher quality, longer life.

5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of woodworking industry and can be used for the production of blanks in the construction of wooden houses, baths, etc.

Known machine for cylindering logs. The machine contains a fixed bed, on which two rotors are rotated in opposite directions, with knives attached to them. The log is fed by rollers (see Pigildin NF. Rounding of round timber, review, information. - M., 1990. - p.40).

The disadvantages of the known machine are limited functionality, since it is impossible to produce a beam having a polyhedron in cross section. After processing, there is the presence of residual stresses, as a result of which the log cracks, while reducing the life of the workpiece.

Also known machine for cylindering logs. The machine contains a bed on which movable and fixed log clamping mechanisms and guides for moving the carriage with cutting units mounted on it are installed in the form of a profile forming mechanism - a milling cutter and a longitudinal groove selection mechanism in the form of a milling cutter with cutting edges corresponding to the shape of the cut groove, with drives and mechanisms of lateral movements. An additional sawing unit with a vertical movement mechanism is additionally installed on the carriage. The profile milling cutter has cutting edges with a radius equal to the radius of the cylinder being formed, and the central plane of the cutting path of this milling cutter passes through the central axis of the log, which coincides with the axis connecting the centers of the log clamp. The invention reduces the weight and dimensions of the machine, increases the yield of wood (see patent No. 2339502).

Its disadvantage is the presence of residual stresses after processing, as a result of which the log cracks, while reducing the life of the log.

The closest adopted for the prototype is a machine for processing logs. The log rounding machine contains a fixed bed, vertical racks for aligning and securing the logs mounted on the bed, a carriage with a drive, moved reciprocating along the processed log, working bodies located on the carriage, including milling cutters mounted on both sides of the log on the spindles, a working drive organs and the mechanism of their settings (see patent No. 2171741 C2).

A well-known object is not distinguished by the quality of the products, because after processing the log is cracked due to the presence of residual stresses, which reduces its life.

The objective of the invention is to provide a machine for cylindering and further processing of logs with the formation of the surface of the workpiece, excluding its cracking.

The task is achieved by the proposed machine for processing logs containing a fixed frame, vertical stands for centering and securing the logs mounted on the frame, a cutting mechanism in the form of a carriage with a drive, moved reciprocating along the processed log, working bodies placed on the carriage, including milling cutters installed on both sides of the log, the drive of the working bodies and the mechanism for their adjustment. Each of the cutters is made by a team of two halves symmetrically located to each other and located on the same axis, between which the saw blade is rigidly fixed to make longitudinal cuts along the entire length of the surface of the log, eliminating the presence of residual stresses. The outer diameter of the saw blade exceeds the outer diameter of the cutters by an amount that depends on the diameter of the log being processed.

The machine for processing logs contains an additional spindle mounted in a horizontal plane parallel to the axis of attachment of the log, on which devices are installed for introducing glue into the longitudinal cut of the surface of the log and for packaging the processed log in the film as a whole, preventing its contamination and leakage of glue from the longitudinal cut.

The list of drawings: figure 1 shows a machine for processing logs, front view; figure 2 - shows a machine for processing logs, top view; figure 3 shows the arrangement of the cuts; figure 4 - diagram of precast mills; figure 5 - installation for applying glue and packaging logs.

The machine (figure 1, 2) contains a fixed bed 1, on which are installed vertical racks 2, 3 for centering and fastening the log 11 with the flywheel 9. The cutting mechanism is a carriage 22, moved reciprocally on wheels (not shown conditionally) from the motor gear 5 through a chain gear 23 along the guides 24.

On the carriage 22 there are working bodies, including milling cutters 6 mounted on both sides of the log 11, the drive of the working bodies from electric motors 25 and the mechanism 26 for setting the position of the dovetail milling cutters 6 from the flywheels 8.

Each of the milling cutters 6 (Fig. 4) is made by a combined mill from two halves 12 symmetrically located relative to each other and located on the same axis. Between the halves of the milling cutters 12, the saw blade 13 is tightly fixed to perform longitudinal cuts (Fig. 3) over the entire surface of the processed log 11, eliminating the presence of residual stresses. Thus, the combined cutter performs the processing of the formation and simultaneously performs a longitudinal cut. The outer diameter of the saw blade 13 exceeds the outer diameter of the cutters 6 by an amount depending on the diameter of the processed log. The ratio of the depth of cut to the diameter of the log is shown in the table.

The rotation of the log by 90 ° or 180 ° is carried out from the gearmotor 4 through a V-belt drive 27. The mechanisms for the automation of the on-off sequence of gearmotors 4 and 5, rotation of the log and the movement of the carriage 10 are conditionally not shown and described, since they are not the subject of the invention , and their work is well known from sources of scientific and technical literature available to an indefinite circle of people.

Diameter of log, mm Number of cuts / cut depth Round section, pcs / mm Square cross-section, pcs / mm 180-220 4 / 30-35 4 / 20-25 220-280 4 / 40-45 4 / 25-30 280-320 4 / 45-50 4 / 30-35

The machine for processing logs contains an additional spindle 21 mounted in a horizontal plane parallel to the axis of attachment of the processed log 21, mounted on vertical posts 2 and 3, on which a device 14 for introducing glue into the cut 20 made (Fig. 5) and a device 16 for packaging in film are fixed 19 of the treated log 11 as a whole in order to prevent contamination of the log and leakage of glue from the longitudinal cut.

The machine operates as follows.

The log 11 is fed to the centers and secured by the flywheel 9. Mills 6 are installed on the thickness of the cut layer. When the electric motor 25 of the milling head 6 is turned on, the log is processed along the generatrix with the simultaneous creation of a longitudinal groove, while the feed movement is carried out using the feed mechanism 5. Depending on the required profile, the milling cutters can be with flat (a) or profile (b) knives (Fig. .four).

After final processing, the log rotates through an angle of 90 °. Processing of one more side of the log occurs. When the log is processed from all sides, the gear motors 4 and 5 are disabled by the operator, and the mechanism of the additional spindle 10 is activated, the essence of which is as follows: a device for applying glue 14 (Fig. 5) is fed to the log along the entire length of the log. Liquid quick hardening glue is introduced into the grooves, which masks the resulting grooves and helps to reduce residual stresses. Then the log is rotated counterclockwise, and the film 19 is wound on it using a special device 16. Using a film allows you to protect the log from contamination, isolates the glue from leakage and maintains the original moisture content of the log. After that, the log is removed, and the cycle repeats.

Setting the device for supplying glue in height is carried out using position adjustment mechanisms 17. The rotation is transmitted to the second mechanism using a chain gear 18 to avoid skewing.

The proposed object allows the production of logs, form a beam, perform longitudinal cuts with the removal of residual stresses.

Claims (1)

A machine for processing logs containing a fixed bed, vertical stands for centering and securing the logs mounted on the bed, a cutting mechanism in the form of a carriage with a drive moved reciprocating along the processed log, working bodies placed on the carriage, including milling cutters installed on both sides of the log , the drive of the working bodies and the mechanism for their adjustment, characterized in that each of the cutters is made of a team of two halves symmetrically located to each other and located on the same axis, between the saw blade is rigidly fixed to make longitudinal cuts along the entire length of the surface of the log, eliminating the presence of residual stresses, the outer diameter of which exceeds the outer diameter of the cutters by an amount depending on the diameter of the log being processed, while the log processing machine contains a horizontal plane installed parallel to the axis of attachment the processed log an additional spindle on which devices for introducing glue into the longitudinal cut of the surface of the log and for packing in Lenka treated timber as a whole, preventing its pollution and leakage of glue from the longitudinal cut.

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