RU2496938C2 - Device to melt snow - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: device assists in movement of snow and its efficient melting due to energy of water without application of additional components. Snow having sufficient motion speed enters in contact and is grabbed by water, which has higher mass and speed of motion compared to snow. As a result the water and snow mass is produced, which separates from the air flow due to pressure difference and centripetal acceleration.

EFFECT: invention makes it possible to increase efficiency of snow ice mass melting due to hydrostatic effects, increased efficiency of snow processing into melt water in a reservoir due to a reagent, impact action of strong jets of melt water, reduced energy intensity and consumed resources.

14 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to installations for the forced melting of snow-ice mass in the winter season, collected by a special vehicle from city streets and roads, and is intended for use in the field of municipal services for processing snow into melt water due to reagent, melt water, cavitation effects snow mass.

A device for processing snow is known (RU 101458), which consists in the fact that directly into the bath is divided into two compartments, one of which is designed to receive snow, and the second contains water heated by fuel burners, then supplied to the snow-ice mass by a pump of the feed system . This system is designed to dispose of a significant amount of snow.

The disadvantage of this device is that this device has large dimensions, a complex structure, leading to the need to have two systems for heating water and air, which complicates the regulation of operation and operation, certain fuel reserves are required.

A device for processing snow (RU 2268335 C2) is known, which consists in the fact that a cone-shaped pipe is installed around the movable frame around which a "serpentine" gas burner is wrapped. Snow is loaded into the pipe with the help of the loading means, passing through the heated pipe the snow passes into the water and merges by gravity into the vehicle.

The disadvantage of this device is that the device has large dimensions not intended for operation in small spaces, the ability to process snow-ice mass into water by heating a metal cone by means of a gas burner to the temperature necessary for heating the snow mass. This device does not have a camera designed to collect melt water, which leads to the need for a quick change of a vehicle for transporting water or installing the device in a stationary place.

Of the known closest in technical essence is the "Method and device for snow removal" (patent RU 2407855 C1), according to which snow removal and processing is carried out directly at the place of snow removal, the snow is loaded into a heated insulated container mounted on a self-propelled vehicle with a discharge device, part which is heated with a coolant. Partial heating of the snow occurs due to the impact of powerful jets of melt water supplied from the hose, through which a mixture of air and snow passes. The final processing of snow into melt water occurs on a coil made of rectangular pipes.

The disadvantage of this method and device is that it does not provide sufficient efficiency of the process of processing snow into melt water, the power losses of the water jet for interaction with air are increased, there is no system for separating air and snow-ice mass, water in a vacuum acts as a barrier to the passage of air and snow.

The objective of the invention is the effective heating of snow under any climatic conditions with minimal expenditure on consumables.

The technical result that the device is aimed at: increasing the efficiency of heating the snow-ice mass due to hydrostatic effects, increasing the efficiency of processing snow into melt water in the tank due to the reagent, the impact of powerful jets of melt water, as well as reducing the energy consumption and consumed resources.

The essence of the proposed device lies in the fact that snow, having a sufficient speed of movement, comes into contact and is picked up by water, which has a greater mass and speed of movement than snow. As a result of this, a water-snow mass is formed, which is separated from the air flow due to the pressure drop and centripetal acceleration. During the mixing process, heat is transferred from the water to the snow crystals. Movement in a spiral of water-snow mass maximizes heat transfer and increases the time of water exposure to snow. This mass is directed to the target located at an angle to the flow, which increases the energy efficiency of the flow. At the moment of contact with the target, water molecules destroy the crystalline structure of snow (dynamic effect), and further thermal effect of water on the snow mass occurs. After reflection from the target, water with the remaining fractions of snow enters the pump, which creates a pressure of this mixture different from atmospheric. As a result of the dynamic effect of the pump blades on this mixture, the final heating of snow and ice crystals occurs. At the pump outlet, fluid is passed through a corrugated pipe. A cavitation effect in the pipe increases the temperature of the water. Before entering the storage tank, the water jet focuses on the target, which serves as a spray absorber, as well as an additional device for increasing the water temperature, with the rapid transition of dynamic energy into static. The described process allows you to maximize the time of water exposure to snow, and the constant dynamic effect of water molecules on snow and ice crystals during movement and on targets makes it possible to efficiently use the energy of a water jet for heating. The additional use of the second pump, which mechanically compresses the mixture of snow and water entering it, increases the pressure several times, makes the heating process stable under all climatic conditions and the state of the snow-ice mass. A device for heating snow allows you to make the heating rate equal to the speed of snow collection, with minimal energy costs.

This combination of new and well-known features allows us to solve the technical problem, improve the efficiency and speed of snow heating and avoid additional costs for consumables. The time for processing snow-ice mass into melt water at low ambient temperatures is reduced due to a decrease in the exposure chamber, separation of the air-snow mass flow, and long-term hydrodynamic, hydrostatic, cavitation, and thermal effects on the snow-ice mass. With a decrease in the exposure chamber, the density of water contact on the snow-ice mass increases from 5 liters of water per 1 kilogram of snow-ice mass and higher.

The proposed device is implemented using a snow heating device (Fig. 1) installed in the tank or outside it, at the place of snow removal or loading, snow is selected and loaded with special equipment (loaders, excavators, small utility vehicles). Water is pumped into the system from a container with melt water through a high-pressure pump into a diffuser nozzle located at an angle to the supply pipe. Snow enters the snow-melting device due to the difference in air pressure carried out by a vacuum conveyor or an overpressure system. After exiting the feed pipe, the snow-water mass falls onto a conical-shaped target (for discharging the snow-air mass with further separation into components: snow-water mass and air), in which a separation system with guides is installed (can have a different shape). The maximum effect of water on snow mass occurs on the target. The target allows you to convert the kinetic energy of water into potential, with the release of the thermal effect, as well as the dynamic effect of water molecules on snow crystals. At this stage, maximum heating of the snow mass occurs. An exception may be ice crystals, as well as snow mass at low ambient temperatures. Water moves along the wall and spiral guides. The spiral movement of water contributes to the capture of snow from the surface of the heating device and the maximum time of shock and thermal effects of water on the snow-ice mass. At the point of minimum flow velocity, perpendicular to the tangent velocity vector, a concentrating funnel is installed to select and water-snow mass and increase pressure on it. The cavitation zone realizes the collapse of air bubbles on the surface of the snow-ice mass due to a sharp increase in pressure. Water comes out through a drain pipe into a high pressure pump, which is more powerful than a pump that feeds water into the device, then through a cavitation heat generator system it returns back through the supply pipe to the target. With an increase in the mass of accumulated debris and a consequence of a decrease in the efficiency of snow heating, the water supply is turned off, the outlet pipe is diverted and the system is blown when the air is turned on.

The device operates as follows. When the pump is turned on, water or a mixture of water and a reagent enters the supply pipe from the melt water tank, and with an increase in pressure the nozzle passes - the diffuser 2 installed in the housing 1, with the help of guide spirals 3 receives a spiral-directed rotational movement along the walls of the housing 1 , the maximum effect of water on the snow mass occurs on target 8, allows you to convert the kinetic energy of water into potential, with the release of the thermal effect, as well as the dynamic effect of water molecules on snow crystals. At this stage, maximum heating of the snow mass occurs. In the angular guide, the concentrating funnel 7, the water increases the pressure on the snow-ice mass and enters the zone of cavitation impact, on the target 8 of a special form, the shock action of the water-snow mass occurs and the loss of velocity energy is spent on increasing the pressure energy of the water, at which collapse occurs air bubbles on the surface of the snow-ice mass, due to this there is a breakdown of large and melting of small particles of snow-ice mass (the number of cavitation bends depends on the size comrade installation which uses the device and the quality of the snow and ice masses). Through a feed pipe 4 from a snow storage bin or pick-up mechanism, a snow-ice mass is transported into the snow-melting device, entrained (at negative pressure) or pumped (at overpressure) with air at the difference of inlet and outlet opening diameters, passing through the separation system 6 located under angle to each other and to the axis of the guide spiral 3, the snow-ice mass receives a rotational movement, breaking into small fractions. Due to the structure of the snow-air mass (less dense particles in the center, and denser at the edges of the intake pipe) and centripetal acceleration of solid particles resulting from rotation, as well as on the one hand, an increase in volume (the diameter of the heating device is larger than the diameter of the intake pipe) and the creation rotation of the snow-air mass, there is a mixture of snow and water and the separation of the air flow from the water-snow mass. Due to the fact that the speed of water movement is higher than the speed of movement of the snow mass and the volume of water is several times greater than the volume of incoming snow, the thermodynamic effect of water on snow occurs and, therefore, the process of snow heating begins. A rectilinear movement to the wall of the housing 1 along which water moves, coming in contact with water, the snow-ice mass receives a hydraulic shock and partial heating due to a change in speed and / or direction of movement. When the snow-melting device is clogged with garbage in the storage pocket, the heating efficiency of the snow-ice mass decreases. To clean the device, the pump is turned off, the water supply is stopped, the end trap 5 is withdrawn, thereby eliminating the storage pocket, the air pump is turned on, and when the air is rotated, the garbage is carried away through a protective pipe and is collected, for example, into a bag, storage tank, etc.

The proposed "snow-melting device" provides a technical effect and can be used in the field of public utilities for heating snow in the winter time due to the impossibility or difficulty in removing snow from intra-quarter territories, market squares, playgrounds, shopping complexes, sidewalks of cities and urban settlements type, for cleaning and processing snow into melt water.

Figure 1 schematically shows the appearance and sectional view of a device for heating snow

Figure 2 schematically shows a diagram of the installation in the tank for melt water self-propelled vehicle.

1 - housing;

2 - nozzle-diffuser;

3 - a directing spiral;

4 - feed pipe;

5 - end trap;

6 - separation system;

7 - concentrating funnel;

8 - target;

9 - hydraulic pumps.

Claims (13)

1. The device for heating snow works as follows: snow is cleaned and processed directly at the place of cleaning, the snow is loaded into a heat-insulated tank mounted on a self-propelled vehicle with an unloading device, part of which is heated with a coolant, characterized in that the snow heating device is stepwise variable volume from smaller to larger (the diameter of the snow-sawing device is larger than the diameter of the intake pipe). 2. The device for heating snow according to claim 1, characterized in that it has a conical shape for discharging the snow-air mass with further separation. 3. The device for heating snow according to claim 1, characterized in that an end trap is installed, which is necessary for air removal and water containment inside the device, the end trap has a free passage necessary for cleaning the system from debris. 4. The device for heating snow according to claim 1, characterized in that before the entrance to the snow-sawing device, a separation system is installed. 5. The device for heating snow according to claim 1, characterized in that on the walls of the device are guides that can have a different shape. 6. The device for heating snow according to claim 1, characterized in that the nozzle is a diffuser, which is installed at an angle to the feed pipe. 7. The device for heating snow according to claim 1, characterized in that a high pressure pump is installed that delivers water to the device under a pressure different from atmospheric. 8. The device for heating snow according to claim 1, characterized in that a high pressure pump is installed, pumping water from the device under a pressure different from atmospheric. 9. The device for heating snow according to claim 1, characterized in that the pump that pumps the water outperforms the pump that supplies the water to the device. 10. The device for heating snow according to claim 1, characterized in that the final target is installed at the concentration point of the water-snow stream, which serves to spray suppress and receive the stream from the main target. 11. The device for heating snow according to claim 1, characterized in that it is possible to install a cavitator system. 12. The device for heating snow according to claim 1, characterized in that the snow saw device can be located both in the tank and outside the tank. 13. The device for heating snow according to claim 1, characterized in that the design of the device allows you to heat the snow with both insufficient and excessive supply air pressure.

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