RU2495711C2 - Gas generator unit - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: process engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to heat engineering, particularly, to gas generator units for organic matter dry distillation. Proposed unit comprises solid fuel feed system and ash discharge system, gasification chamber, fire grate, tuyere with air duct, gas discharge pipe with gas discharge system and solid organic fuel automatic feeder. Said solid organic fuel automatic feeder consists of taper housing, with convergent part located inside unit housing while divergent part has filler bin for solid organic fuel loading. Housing accommodates appropriate motor-driven auger. Note here that filler bin bottom has drain outlet while gas generator unit top is sealed. Ash discharge auger mechanism is arranged above fire grate. Note that auger axis is inclined by, on the average, 120 degrees to the housing. Note also that auger top part catches ash while bottom part discharges it. Auger drive is located at the bottom of auger mechanism.

EFFECT: recovery of heat power, higher process efficiency.

5 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of heat engineering, in particular gas-generating plants for the dry distillation of organics.

Known gas generating installation containing a housing, a gasification chamber, a grate, a lance and an air duct, a gas outlet and a gas exhaust system [L. K. Kollerov "Gas-engine installations". - L .: MASHGIZ, 1951 - 237 s].

This installation has several disadvantages: there is no system for the continuous supply of fossil fuels and ash removal, there is no system for utilizing the heat generated in passing.

The invention is aimed at providing a continuous supply of fossil fuels and ash removal, utilization of heat generated in the process of gas generation along with the increase of productivity of the gas generation process.

This object is achieved by the fact that the gas-generating installation of the reverse process, containing a system for periodically loading solid organic fuel and a manual ash removal system, a gasification chamber, a grate, two tuyere systems with an air duct, one above the grate along the circumference of the body, the second under the grate along the axis of the body , a gas outlet with a gas exhaust system, supplemented by an automatic supply system of solid organic fuel, consisting of a cone-shaped body, the narrowed part of which goes inside the body of the gas generator unit, and the expanded part has a hopper-neck for loading solid fossil fuels, while in the case part there is a screw-shaped motor driven by an electric motor, and there is a drainage outlet in the lower part of the hopper-neck, and the upper part of the gas generator set is sealed. The gas generator below the grate is also supplemented with an ash discharge screw mechanism, the axis of the screw and the axis of the gas generator installation tilting at least 120 ° on average, while the upper part captures the ash and the lower part of the screw discharges the ash, and the screw drive is located in bottom of the screw mechanism. The gas generator unit with a housing is placed in an additional water case made of stainless sheet steel, which has the nozzles for starting heated water and releasing heated water for use in the heating system. At the same time, an additional system of stainless steel pipes of a heat exchanger for heating water for use in a hot water supply system is placed in the water case. In the gas generator installation, flammable gas sampling tubes are provided that are placed below the protective visor, which has the form of a segmented “skirt” around the circumference of the inner part of the body under the grate, with the gas outlet pipe from the said combustible gas sampling nozzle being discharged into an additional gas case organized by the diameter of the outer surface mentioned water case. The gas generator is also supplemented by two “agitators”: the first is in the axis of the gas generation chamber, the drive with a removable clutch located above the upper part of the housing, and the second, lower “agitator”, consisting of a complex of at least three “agitators” located in the zone of the gasification chamber above the grate, while the turns of the “agitators” are at least 2 revolutions per minute; the “agitator” is a “hedgehog” made of reinforcing steel: a leading rod with a diameter of 10-12 mm, outgoing perpendicular rods of the “hedgehog needle” with a diameter of 5-6 mm.

To increase the productivity of gasification, the diameter of the combustion chamber above the grate is larger than the diameter of the chamber with drying and gasification zones.

The figure shows a section of a gas generator, where:

1) the body of the gas generator;

2) a water case for heating water in a heating system and hot water supply;

3) gas case for combustible gas;

4) the tuyere ring above the grate 6;

5) a tubular heat exchanger;

6) grate;

7) a lance under the grate;

8) auger for ash removal;

9) “agitators”;

10) auger system for supplying solid organic fuel;

11) flammable gas outlet pipe;

12) a protective segmented “skirt” of the pipe 11 of the outlet for combustible gas;

13) drainage;

14) water inlet and outlet pipes of the heating system;

15) water inlet and outlet pipes of the hot water supply system;

16) natural gas supply pipeline for electric ignition;

17) electric igniter.

The gas generator unit works as follows: solid fuel in the form of granules enters the solid fuel supply system 10, the screw of which moves the fuel into the gas generator housing 1, the displaced moisture flows through the drain 13. The fuel is located in the gas generator installation housing 1 in several layers. Air from the tuyeres located along the perimeter of the unit, 4 and 7, is fed into the combustion layer. The primary ignition of solid fuel is carried out by supplying natural gas from a cylinder through a natural gas supply pipe for electric ignition 16, where it is ignited by an electric igniter 17. Solid products of fuel combustion, ash slag passes through the grate 6 and is removed from the installation by means of the screw 8. In order to prevent baking of the fuel and for its better drying, “agitators” 9 are installed in the body of the gas generator 1, which turning at low speed up to 2 rpm, mix the fuel. The generated gas enters through the grate 6 into the cavity below it, where it moves through the nozzles of the outlet for combustible gas 11, which are protected from ingress of slag and ash by a protective segmented “skirt” 12, installed at an angle, and then into the external gas case 3, from which the combustible gas pumped out by the compressor. The generation process proceeds with the release of heat, for use in the installation there is a second water case 2 with water and a tubular heat exchanger 5. Heat from the combustion of fuel is transferred to the water in the case 2 and in the heat exchanger 5. Inlet and outlet of water used for heating and hot water supply is carried out through pipes 14 and 15, respectively. The heat from the generated gas in the case 3 is also transferred to the water in the case 2, thereby cooling before further use. Automatic fuel injection, removal of combustion products and fuel mixing in the gasification zone lead to continuous continuous operation of the gas generator.

Claims (5)

1. A gas generating unit containing a solid fuel supply system and an ash removal system, a gasification chamber, a grate, an air lance, an exhaust pipe with a gas exhaust system, comprising an automatic solid fuel delivery system consisting of a cone-shaped body, the constricted part of which is inside the body gas generating unit, and the expanded part has a hopper-neck for loading solid fossil fuels, while in the hull there is a corresponding the auger driven by an electric motor, and there is a drainage outlet in the lower part of the neck-hopper, and the upper part of the gas generator installation is sealed, characterized in that an ash discharge mechanism is installed below the grate, and the axis of the screw to the axis of the gas generator installation has an inclination of at least , on average 120 °, while the upper part captures the ash, and the lower part of the auger discharges ash, and the auger drive is located in the lower part of the auger mechanism. 2. The gas generator installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the gas generator installation housing is placed in an additional water case made of stainless steel sheet, the case has nozzles for starting heated water and releasing heated water, while an additional system of stainless steel pipes of the heat exchanger is placed in the water case water heating. 3. The gas generating installation according to claim 1, characterized in that a gas generating pipe for the extraction of combustible gas is provided, placed below the protective visor, which has the form of a segmented "skirt" around the circumference of the inner part of the body, under the grate, and the gas outlet pipe from the said fuel extraction pipe gas is discharged into an additional gas case, organized by the diameter of the outer surface of said water case. 4. The gas generator installation according to claim 1, characterized in that it is supplemented by two "agitators": the first is in the axis of the gas generation chamber, the drive with a removable clutch located above the upper part of the housing, and the second, lower "agitator" consisting of a complex, according to of at least three “agitators” located in the zone of the gasification chamber above the grate, while the turns of the “agitators” are at least 2 revolutions per minute on average, while the “agitator” is a “hedgehog” made of reinforcing steel : lead rod with a diameter of 10 d 12 mm, extending perpendicular to rods "needle hedgehog" 5-6 mm in diameter. 5. The gas generator according to claim 1, characterized in that in order to increase gasification productivity, the diameter of the combustion chamber above the grate is larger than the diameter of the chamber with drying and gasification zones.

Images