RU2478373C1 - Method of treating bronchopneumonia in calves - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to field of veterinary. Method of treating bronchopneumonia in calves, includes intramuscular introduction of antibacterial medication, as antibacterial medication used is 30% floron solution in dose 1 ml per 20 kg of weight with 48-hour interval and additionally amino acid-vitamin complex "Bitam" is introduced intramuscularly in dose 3 ml per 10 kg of weight three times every second day.

EFFECT: method application makes it possible to increase efficiency of treatment of bronchopneumonia in calves and contributes to reduction of cost of performed veterinary procedures in case of said disease.

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Description

The invention relates to the field of veterinary medicine and can be used to treat acute nonspecific bronchopneumonia in calves.

At present, the polyetiological nature of bronchopneumonia has been proven, but the main reasons leading to the emergence and development of respiratory diseases are a decrease in the general resistance of the body as a result of a violation of the technology for growing young animals and the high virulence of the conditionally pathogenic microflora.

A known method of treating calf bronchopneumonia using a tetrasolvin preparation consisting of tetracycline, chloramphenicol, prolongator, excipient, which was administered to sick animals intramuscularly at a dose of 0.3 ml / kg body weight three times with an interval of 72 hours (Didenko D.V., Onishchuk F. D. // Collected scientific labor conference “Prevention and treatment of animal diseases”. Krasnodar, 2007. P.56-57).

The disadvantage of this method is the hypersensitivity of animals to chloramphenicol and tetracycline, as a result, slaughter of animals for meat is allowed no earlier than 7-14 days after the last injection of the drug due to the presence of antibiotics in the muscle tissue of animals.

The closest in essence to the claimed technical solution is a method for treating calves bronchopneumonia, including intramuscular administration of gentamicin sulfate at 1.5 mg / kg 3 times a day and a 5% solution of vitamin B ₆ in a dose of 2 ml per head once a day ( Aksenova V.M., Gurova S.V. // Collection of scientific works XXXIV All-Russian scientific and practical conferences of scientists and specials dedicated to the 140th anniversary of the birth of academician D.N. Pryanishnikov “Perm Agrarian Bulletin.” Perm, 2006. Issue 16. Part 1. S.248-250).

The disadvantage of this method is the low therapeutic efficacy (75%) and impaired functioning of the gastrointestinal tract in calves.

The technical result of the invention is to increase the effectiveness of the method of treating bronchopneumonia in calves and to reduce the cost of ongoing veterinary measures for this disease.

The task is achieved by two-fold administration with an interval of 48 hours of a 30% solution of floron at a dose of 1 ml per 20 kg of body weight and three times a day use of the Vitam amino-vitamin complex 3 ml per 10 kg of body weight, which were administered intramuscularly.

Floron was developed for the treatment of bacterial and infectious diseases in pigs and birds (Instructions for use of the drug "Floron", registration number: PVI-2-4.5 / 01801). The key mechanism of its action is florfenicol, which can stop the synthesis of proteins on the ribosomes of bacteria that are sensitive to the antibiotic. The low level of floron binding to blood proteins promotes good penetration of the drug into body fluids and tissues, including the lungs, and the creation of high drug concentrations in them.

Vitam Vitamin Amino Acid Complex contains glucose, vitamins of group B, D ₃ , C, macro- and microelements, amino acids and has an immunomodulating, antioxidant and detoxifying effect (Vitam Vitamin Amino Acid Complex Complex, Instructions for Use, Registration Number 34043245-0001 -2008).

It is known about the inhibitory effect of various chemotherapeutic agents on the body's immune reactivity. The use of these drugs often disrupts the activity of macrophages and leads to changes in the intracellular enzyme systems of micro- and macrophages, as well as a decrease in the activity of humoral factors of nonspecific resistance of the body. Therefore, in order to increase the immunoreactivity of animals with bronchopneumonia in animals and to shorten the calf’s recovery time, the combined administration of chemotherapeutic agents and immunotropic drugs is necessary, in this way the Vitam amino-acid complex.

The method was carried out as follows. The calves were intramuscularly injected with a 30% solution of floron at a dose of 1 ml per 20 kg of weight twice with an interval of 48 hours, and Vitam amino acid-vitamin complex was additionally injected intramuscularly at 3 ml per 10 kg of weight three times every other day.

Treatment of bronchopneumonia in calves using the proposed method was carried out in LLC Sovkhoz Druzhny of the Chernushinsky district and LLC Sovkhoz Lensky of the Kungursky district of the Perm Territory.

The essence of the method is illustrated by example.

Example. The study was carried out on black-and-white calves of one to two months of age, with clinical signs of acute nonspecific bronchopneumonia.

Animals of the first experimental group (n = 10) were treated with intramuscular injections of tetrasolvin at a dose of 0.3 ml / kg body weight three times with an interval of 72 hours. The calves of the second experimental group (n = 20) were intramuscularly injected with a 30% solution of floron at a dose of 1 ml per 20 kg of weight twice with an interval of 48 hours and the Vitam amino-vitamin complex of 3 ml per 10 kg of weight three times every other day . Young animals of the third group (n = 10) were injected with gentamicin sulfate 1.5 mg / kg 3 times a day and a 5% solution of vitamin B ₆ at a dose of 2 ml per head.

Assessment of the clinical condition was carried out daily for one month from the onset of the disease on the basis of clinical and laboratory studies (body temperature, pulse rate and respiration, as well as the presence of cough, wheezing and dullness in the lungs, nasal discharge). The duration of the disease, the number of recovered and dead animals were taken into account.

The results of the study showed that in the stage of developed clinical inflammation (before treatment), all animals had an increase in body temperature, a depressed state, a decrease in appetite, serous-catarrhal outflows from the nasal openings, an increase in heart rate and respiration, and a dry, painful cough. During auscultation, hard vesicular breathing and wheezing in the lungs were heard.

The appearance of marked clinical signs of nonspecific (bacterial) bronchopneumonia in calves was accompanied by characteristic changes in the cellular composition of the blood: the content of red blood cells decreased, the number of leukocytes and ESR increased. Monocytosis, neutrophilia with a shift of the nucleus to the left, were noted in sick calves.

The effectiveness of the treatment of bronchopneumonia in calves is shown in table 1.

Table 1 Indicators 1 group 2 group 3 group The number of sick calves, goals 10 twenty 10 Of them recovered, goals 9 twenty 10 Fallen, goals one 0 0 Recovery period, days 7-8 6-7 15-16

As can be seen from table 1, the recovery period in calves treated with tetrasolvin was 7-8 days, when used in therapy with floron - 6-7 days, with gentamicin - 15-16 days.

The dynamics of temperature, respiratory rate and pulse rate in calves suffering from bronchopneumonia before and after intramuscular therapy with floron are shown in table 2. When using floron in the treatment of calves, the expressed respiratory symptoms (disappearance of cough, wheezing in the lungs, serous catarrhal outflows from the nose, increased appetite and changes in terms of temperature, pulse and respiration) (Table 2). A weakening of the body's inflammatory response in 80% of the animals was observed on the 4th – 5th day of treatment. In 20% of sick calves, catarrhal nasal discharge was still recorded. The coat remained dull, disheveled. On the 6-7th day, the elimination of the inflammatory process was recorded in all animals, that is, after the second injection of the drug.

table 2 Days Temperature ° C Respiratory rate, dv / min Heart rate, bpm one 41.0 36.7 108,0 2 39.7 34.8 99,4 3 38.6 31.5 86.6 four 38.5 30.1 83,4 5 38.5 30,0 80.0 6 38.6 30,0 80.1 7 38.6 31,0 80.0 8 38.6 30,0 80.0 9 38.6 31,0 80.5 10 38.5 31,0 80.0 eleven 38.5 30,0 79.0 12 38.6 31,0 80.0 13 38.6 30,0 79.0 fourteen 38.5 30,0 79.0

Another advantage of this method of treating bronchopneumonia in calves is that two injections are sufficient for a high therapeutic effect, which helps to reduce the antibiotic load on the animal organism. In addition, the inclusion of Vitam in the treatment regimen for sick calves contributed to the leveling of side effects from the use of the antibiotic.

The hematological parameters of sick calves before and after treatment are presented in table 3, which shows that the content of red blood cells in young animals before treatment was an average of 4.10 × 10 ¹² / l, hemoglobin - 6.89 g%, leukocytes - 17.32 × 10 ⁹ / l, ESR - 2.54 mm / hour. The disappearance of the main symptoms of bronchopneumonia was accompanied by a normalization of hemogram parameters, which was expressed in an increase in the concentration of red blood cells to 6.31 × 10 ¹² / L (by 54%), hemoglobin - to 9.78 g% (by 42%) and a decrease in the number of leukocytes to 9.18 × 10 ⁹ / l (47%), ESR - up to 1.27 mm / hour (2 times).

Table 3 Indicator Before treatment After treatment Hemoglobin (g%) 6.89 9.78 Red blood cells, 10 ¹² / L 4.10 6.31 White blood cells, 10 ⁹ / L 17.32 9.18 ESR (mm / hour) 2.54 1.27

The leukoformula of blood of patients with calf bronchopneumonia before and on the 7th day of treatment with floron and vitam is shown in table 4, which shows that the number of basophils in the blood of animals before treatment was on average 0.9%, of young neutrophils - 1.5%, stab neutrophils - 12.4%, segmented neutrophils - 42.2%, lymphocytes - 37.5%, monocytes - 4.0%. After treatment, the percentage of young neutrophils in the blood of animals decreased to 0.6% (2.5 times), stab neutrophils - up to 3.1% (4 times), segmented neutrophils - up to 34.5% (18%), monocytes - up to 1.1% (2 times), basophils - up to 0.7% (22%), and the number of lymphocytes increased to 58.6% (56%).

With the proposed method of treatment in all patients with bronchopneumonia of calves, the development of side effects were not noted.

The economic effect of using tetrasolvin amounted to 8.56 rubles. for each ruble of expenses, gentamicin - 1.21 rubles., Floron - 10.4 rubles. (at the prices of 2011). Consequently, the cost of the course of treatment of floron was lower compared to the costs of treating animals of other groups.

Table 4 Indicator, % Before treatment After treatment Basophils 0.9 0.7 Eosinophils 1,5 1.4 Neutrophils: young 1,5 0.6 stab 12,4 3,1 segmented 42,2 34.5 Lymphocytes 37.5 58.6 Monocytes 4.0 1,1

Thus, the proposed method for the treatment of calves suffering from bronchopneumonia, improves the effectiveness of the treatment of bronchopneumonia in calves and reduces the cost of ongoing veterinary measures for this disease.

Claims (1)

A method for treating bronchopneumonia in calves, including intramuscular administration of an antibacterial agent, characterized in that a 30% solution of floron is used as an antibacterial agent in a dose of 1 ml per 20 kg of weight twice with an interval of 48 hours and an additional amino acid-vitamin complex Vitam "3 ml per 10 kg of weight three times every other day.