RU2712237C1 - Method for improving the immunobiological reactivity of calves in specific prevention of viral respiratory diseases - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: veterinary medicine.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to veterinary medicine, in particular to a method for increasing the immunobiological reactivity of calves in specific prevention of viral respiratory diseases, for this purpose, an immunostimulating preparation and an aqueous solution of silver containing not more than 0.8 mg of silver ions per 100–120 ml of boiled water per 30–40 kg of animal's weight is used, characterized by that during 10 days the animal is given an aqueous solution of silver in amount of 19–20 ml, then introduced intramuscularly three times with interval of 24 hours in dose of 0.9–1 ml per animal immunostimulating preparation, which is used "Imunofan", followed by intramuscular introduction of nine-valent serum against infectious rhinotracheitis and parainfluenza-3, salmonellosis, pasteurellosis and Escherichia coli in cattle: on the first day in dose of 49–50 ml per one animal, repeatedly in same dose 10 days later, and introducing vitamin-amino acid complex "Vitam" intramuscularly in dose of 2.9–3 ml per 10 kg of animal's body twice a day for five days, then 14 days later, after repeated administration of nine-valent whey and vitamin-amino acid complex "Vitam", twice every 21 days calves are administered subcutaneously the "Catlemaster Gold FP5 L5" vaccine in dose of 4.9–5 ml per one animal.EFFECT: invention allows to expand functional capabilities and increase effectiveness of specific prevention of viral respiratory diseases.1 cl, 1 tbl

Description

The invention relates to veterinary medicine, in particular veterinary microbiology, virology, epizootology, mycology with mycotoxicology and immunology.

It is known to use the immunomodulator Imunofan, which is administered simultaneously with the vaccine (see RF patent No. 2391999, class A61K 38/00, 2010).

It is known to use the Bitam amino acid-vitamin complex for treating calves (RF patent No. 2478373, class A61K 38/00, 2013)

It is also known to use an immunostimulating drug with an aqueous solution of silver containing not more than 8 mg of silver ions per 100-120 ml of boiled water per 30-40 kg of animal weight to increase immunobiological reactivity in calves (RF patent No. 2609869, class A61K 38/00, 2017 - prototype).

A disadvantage of the known technical solutions is its limited effect and insufficiently effective specific prophylaxis of viral respiratory diseases in calves.

The technical result is to expand the functionality and increase the effectiveness of specific prevention of viral respiratory diseases.

The technical result is achieved in that in a method of increasing the immunobiological reactivity of calves in the specific prevention of viral respiratory diseases, including the use of an immunomodulating preparation and an aqueous solution of silver containing not more than 0.8 mg of silver ions per 100-120 ml of boiled water per 30-40 kg of mass animal, according to the invention for 10 days the animal is given an aqueous solution of silver in an amount of 19-20 ml, then administered intramuscularly, three times with an interval of 24 hours at a dose of 0.9-1 ml per animal immunos a stimulating drug, which uses Imunofan, then intramuscularly administers nine-valent serum against infectious rhinotracheitis and parainfluenza-3, salmonellosis, pasteurellosis and Escherichia coli in cattle: on the first day at a dose of 49-50 ml per animal, repeatedly in the same dose after 10 days, the Vitam vitamin-amino acid complex is administered intramuscularly at a dose of 2.9-3 ml per 10 kg of animal weight twice a day, for five days, then 14 days after reintroduction of the nine-valent serum and vitamin-amino acid complex "Vitam" twice with an interval of 21 days, calves are injected subcutaneously with the vaccine "Kettlemaster Gold FP5 L5" in a dose of 4.9-5 ml per animal.

The novelty of the proposed proposal lies in the fact that the calves for the preparation of animals for specific prophylaxis according to the appropriate application schedule are given from the first days of life a complex of the following preparations: an aqueous silver solution, the working name of which is Argerit-40, Immunofan, nine-valent serum and vitamin -amino acid complex "Vitam", for specific prophylaxis - twice daily with an interval of 21 days, the Catmaster vaccine is used subcutaneously, which prevents the occurrence of various infections and fasting ktsinalnyh complications.

The features that distinguish the claimed technical solution from the prototype are aimed at achieving a technical result and have not been identified in the study of patent and scientific and technical literature in this and related fields of science and technology and, therefore, meet the criterion of "inventive step".

A method of increasing the immunobiological reactivity of calves with specific prophylaxis of viral respiratory diseases is as follows: calves from the first days of life daily

 an aqueous silver solution is introduced inside for 10 days, containing no more than 8 mg of silver ions per 100-120 ml of boiled water per 30-40 kg of animal weight, working name "Argerit-40", due to the fact that silver has a wide spectrum action, both against bacteria and viruses. Then, after application of Argerite-40, Imunofan (https://health.yandex.ru/pills/imunofan-23498) is used at a dose of 0.9-1 ml intramuscularly three times once a day. Imunofan helps to increase the immunity of animals, reduces drug resistance and antigenic load on animals during vaccination and post-vaccination complications.

Then on the 10th day, intramuscularly injected nine-valent serum twice with an interval of 10 days at a dose of 49-50 ml and the vitamin-amino complex “Bitam” (https://pets2.me/bok/277-vitam-instrukciya-po-primeneniyu- v-veterinarii.html) intramuscularly at a dose of 2.9-3 ml per 10 kg of animal weight twice a day, for five days. Bitsam (vitamin-amino acid complex) regulates the amount of amino acid composition, vitamins, macro- and microelements and blood sugar, eliminates their deficiency arising from viral infections, vaccinations, normalizes metabolic processes, and activates hematopoiesis.

Before use, serum vials are thoroughly shaken and heated in a water bath to a temperature of 36-37 ° C, observing the rules of asepsis and antiseptics. Ninovalent serum promotes the formation of passive immunity to infectious rhinotracheitis, parainfluenza-3, salmonellosis, pasteurellosis and E. coli pathogens in cattle, the tension of which is 10 days. The mechanism of action of serum is based on the binding and neutralization of pathogenic antigens by specific antibodies of the biological product. 10 ml of serum contains effective titers of specific antibodies to strains of Pasteurella multocida No. 8683, No. 656, No. T-80 - at least 66%, to strains of Salmonella typhimurium No. 371, Salmonella dublin No. 373 - not less than 80%, to strains of Escherichia coli No. 115/2 (O115), 320 (O78: K80) - not less than 70%. The titer of specific antibodies in serum to Pasteurella haemolitica strain No. 169 in PHUA is not less than 1:64, to Escherichia coli strains OP5: K88, 0141: K99, O9: K103: 987P, 0141: F41 - producers of adhesive antigens: K88, K99, 987P, F41 in RA - not less than 1: 400, to parainfluenza-3 virus in rtga - not less than 1: 128 and to infectious rhinotracheitis virus in cattle - not less than 1:32.

After 14 days, the calves of the experimental groups, after repeated use of nine-valent serum, twice daily with an interval of 21 days, use the Catmaster vaccine (https://www.vidal.ru/veterinar/cattlemaster-gold-fp5-15-28063) at a dose of 4 9-5 ml per animal. The vaccine promotes the formation of an immune response in cattle to pathogens of infectious rhinotracheitis, parainfluenza-3, viral diarrhea, respiratory syncytial infection and leptospirosis caused by L. canicola, L. grippotyphosa, L. hardjo, L. icterohaemorrhagiae and L. pomona, through three weeks after two vaccinations, lasting at least 12 months.

One vaccine dose contains attenuated strains of pathogens: infectious rhinotracheitis (strain RLB 106) at least 10 ^5.6 TCD ₅₀ , parainfluenza-3 (strain RLB 103) at least 10 ^5.6 TCD ₅₀ , respiratory syncytial infection (strain BRSV / 375) not less than 10 ^4.2 TCD ₅₀ and inactivated pathogens: type 1 and 2 viral diarrhea (strains 5960 and 53637) and serogroup leptospirosis: L. canicola, L. grippotyphosa, L. hardjo, L. icterohaemorrhagiae and L. pomona.

The use of an integrated prevention system protects the body against the occurrence of viral respiratory diseases, thereby providing economic benefits.

An example of a specific implementation of the method of increasing the immunity of calves and the prevention of viral respiratory diseases

To confirm the effectiveness of the proposed scheme, scientific and economic experience was carried out on a comparative assessment of various methods and means of increasing immunobiological reactivity for specific prophylaxis of infectious rhinotracheitis and parainfluenza-3 calves, three groups of animals of 10 animals each were formed: the first - control (intact), the second - the first experimental group, the third - the second experimental group.

Blood was taken from 120 of the 300 animals from the jugular vein into serological and hematological monovets, following aseptic and antiseptic rules. The diagnosis of infectious rhinotracheitis and parainfluenza-3 was made comprehensively on the basis of epizootic data, clinical signs, serological studies and immunoconversion of paired samples.

To increase the immunobiological reactivity of the calves, immunomodulating preparations and a complex of vitamins were used. The calves of the first experimental group were used the Ribotan immunomodulator at a dose of 0.49-0.5 ml intramuscularly, three times with an interval of three days, then nine-valent serum was introduced intramuscularly against infectious rhinotracheitis and cattle influenza-3: on the first day at a dose of 49- 50 ml per animal, again after 10 days in the same dose and gabivit-selenium (multivitamin in combination with the trace element selenium) at a dose of 4.9-5 ml intramuscularly per animal. After 14 days, calves after repeated use of nine-valent serum and gabivit-selenium, twice daily with an interval of 21 days, used the Catmaster vaccine subcutaneously in a dose of 4.9-5 ml per animal.

The calves of the second experimental group were used Argerit-40 (an aqueous solution of silver containing 0.8 mg of silver ions) for ten days orally 20-25 minutes before feeding once a day in the morning for 10 days, at a dose of 19-20 ml per one animal diluted with 100-120 ml of boiled water. Then used "Immunofan" at a dose of 0.9-1 ml intramuscularly three times once a day. Then, intramuscularly nine-valent serum was administered twice with an interval of 10 days at a dose of 49-50 ml per animal. Before use, serum vials are thoroughly shaken and heated in a water bath to a temperature of 36-37 ° C, observing the rules of asepsis and antiseptics. After repeated administration of nine-valent serum, the calves were intramuscularly injected with “Bitam” (vitamin-amino acid complex) at a dose of 2.9-3 ml per 10 kg of animal weight twice a day for five days. 14 days later, the calves after repeated use of nine-valent serum and Vitam, twice daily with an interval of 21 days, use the Catmaster vaccine subcutaneously in a dose of 4.9-5 ml per animal.

As a result, it was found that the body of the calves of the first experimental group was not adequately prepared for the administration of nine-valent serum for infectious rhinotracheitis and parainfluenza-3 cattle for therapeutic and prophylactic purposes, and even its repeated administration and habivitis-selenium did not have a positive effect on hematological parameters . Whereas in the second experimental group, the consistent use of highly effective drugs contributed to the regulation of the ratio of leukocyte populations, to an increase in the number of red blood cells and the level of hemoglobin, and, consequently, to an increase in the nonspecific immunity of calves.

After double vaccination in the second experimental group, there was a slight increase in the number of red blood cells and the level of hemoglobin and, conversely, a decrease in the number of leukocytes by 10-15%. Among the leukocyte population, an increase in the number of segmented neutrophils by 10-22% was observed due to a decrease in the number of lymphocytes by 5-14%), the number of stab neutrophils by 1.5 times and monocytes by 1.3-3 times, relative to the first experimental group .

The use of the developed prevention system contributed to an increase in the percentage of active neutrophils (by 7-12%), mobilization coefficient and phagocytic number (1.2-1.4 times), the digesting ability of neutrophils (by 9-11%), the number of T- and B -cells (by 3-10%) and a decrease in the number of NK-cells (1.4-1.7 times), relative to the control group and the first experimental one.

The use of the calves of the second experimental group of highly effective preparations of the Imunofan immunomodulator, an aqueous solution of silver Lgerita-40, nine-valent serum and Vitam, prior to vaccination, contributed to an increase in nonspecific calf immunity, i.e. adaptogenic properties of the animal organism, as well as preparing them for vaccination. The use of the Catmaster vaccine against infectious rhinotracheitis and parainfluenza-3 in cattle contributed to the development of specific immunity.

In addition, the use of the developed system for the prevention of infectious rhinotracheitis and parainfluenza-3 calves had a positive effect on the humoral immunity, which indicates an increase in the bactericidal and lysozyme activity of blood serum (by 3-7%).

In the reaction of indirect hemagglutination during serodiagnosis of infectious rhinotracheitis on the tenth day after the first vaccination “Catmaster” there was a dynamic increase in the titer of specific antibodies in the experimental groups by 3.3 times and 4.1 times, respectively, on the tenth day after revaccination, the titer of specific antibodies in the experimental groups increased by 15% and 11%, respectively, on the twenty-eighth day - by 3% and 5%, respectively.

When compared with the control group in the experimental groups, on the tenth day after the first vaccination, the titer of specific antibodies to the pathogen of infectious rhinotracheitis was 1.4 times and 1.2 times lower, on the tenth day after revaccination, the titer of specific antibodies in the experimental groups was lower by 1 , 3 times and 1.2 times, respectively, on the twenty-eighth day - by 31% and 20%, respectively.

In the hemagglutination inhibition reaction during serodiagnosis of parainfluenza-3 on the tenth day after the first Cattlemaster vaccination, there was a dynamic increase in the titer of specific antibodies in the experimental groups 2.5 times and 3 times, respectively, on the tenth day after revaccination, the titer of specific antibodies in the experimental groups increased by 13% and 11%, respectively, on the twenty-eighth day - by 11% and 3%, respectively. When compared with the control group in the experimental groups, on the tenth day after the first vaccination, the titer of specific antibodies to the parainfluenza-3 pathogen was 23% and 11% lower, respectively, on the tenth day after revaccination, the titer of specific antibodies in the experimental groups was lower by 21% and 10 %, respectively, on the twenty-eighth day - by 23% and 19%, respectively.

Due to the fact that the mechanism of action of the Kettlemaster vaccine is aimed at the formation of an immune response in cattle, not only to the causative agents of infectious rhinotracheitis and parainfluenza-3, but also viral diarrhea and respiratory syncytial infection, we determined antibody titers during preventive events.

In the reaction of indirect hemagglutination during serodiagnostics of respiratory syncytial infection, on the tenth day after the first vaccination “Kettlemaster” there was a dynamic 2-fold increase in the titer of specific antibodies in the experimental groups, on the tenth day after revaccination, the titer of specific antibodies in the experimental groups slightly increased by 8% and 6 %, respectively, on the twenty-eighth day - by 23% and 18%, respectively. When compared with the control group in the experimental groups on the tenth day after the first vaccination, the titer of specific antibodies to the causative agent of respiratory syncytial infection was lower by 32% and 19%, respectively, on the tenth day after revaccination, the titer of specific antibodies in the experimental groups was lower by 31% and 19%, respectively, on the twenty-eighth day - by 18% and 7%, respectively.

In the reaction of indirect hemagglutination during serodiagnosis of viral diarrhea, on the tenth day after the first Cattlemaster vaccination, there was a dynamic increase in the titer of specific antibodies to the causative agent of viral diarrhea in the experimental groups 2.4 times and 3 times, on the tenth day after revaccination, the titer of specific antibodies in the experimental groups increased by 9% and 8%, respectively, on the twenty-eighth day - by 6% and 4%, respectively. When compared with the control group in the experimental groups on the tenth day after the first vaccination, the titer of specific antibodies to the causative agent of viral diarrhea was 1.3 times and 1.5 times higher, respectively, on the tenth day and twenty-eighth after revaccination - 1.4 times and 1.6 times, respectively.

It should be noted that in intact (control) animals an increase in titers of specific antibodies was detected in the indirect hemagglutination reaction during serodiagnosis of infectious rhinotracheitis (from 1:16 to 1: 4096), respiratory syncytial infection (from 1:16 to 1: 512), viral diarrhea (from 1: 2 to 1: 128), in the hemagglutination inhibition reaction during serodiagnosis of specific antibodies to parainfluenza virus-3 (from 1:16 to 1; 2048), which indicated an outbreak of the above diseases.

In the control group of 100 animals, 20 animals fell, in the first experimental group in one animal a mild form of acute respiratory viral infection was observed, the signs of which disappeared within five days, in the second experimental group in calves there were no signs of disease.

In addition, it should be noted that in animals of the second experimental group, the level of titer of specific antibodies was higher than in the first experimental group, which is directly related to the preliminary use of highly effective biological products to provide adaptive and adaptive defense mechanisms of the body, which made it possible to prepare the body for the upcoming vaccination and prevent the occurrence of various infections and post-vaccination complications.

It is economically feasible to use biological products, medicines for calves in order to increase immunobiological reactivity and specific immunity against viral respiratory diseases. The highest efficiency was achieved using the developed system for the prevention of infectious rhinotracheitis and parainfluenza-3 calves. The payback of veterinary preventive measures was 14.60 rubles per ruble of costs.

Claims (1)

A method for increasing the immunobiological reactivity of calves in the specific prophylaxis of viral respiratory diseases, including the use of an immunostimulating drug and an aqueous solution of silver containing not more than 0.8 mg of silver ions per 100-120 ml of boiled water per 30-40 kg of animal weight, characterized in that for 10 days, the animal is given an aqueous silver solution in an amount of 19-20 ml, then it is administered intramuscularly three times with an interval of 24 hours at a dose of 0.9-1 ml per animal, an immunostimulating drug, in which use Imunofan, then intramuscularly administer nine-valent serum against infectious rhinotracheitis and parainfluenza-3, salmonellosis, pasteurellosis and E. coli in cattle: on the first day at a dose of 49-50 ml per animal, again in the same dose after 10 days and vitamin-amino acid complex “Vitam” is administered intramuscularly at a dose of 2.9-3 ml per 10 kg of animal weight twice a day for five days, then 14 days after the repeated administration of nine-valent serum and a vitamin-amino acid complex sa "Witham", twice with an interval of 21 days subcutaneously administered vaccine for calves "Gold Ketlmaster FP5 L5» in 4,9-5 ml dose per animal.