RU2275935C1 - Method for preventing colibacteriosis in calves - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: veterinary science.

SUBSTANCE: about 1.5-2 mo before calving cows should be vaccinated with Coli-Vac K99 vaccine at interval of 10-15 d. The first dosage of vaccine introduction corresponds to 10 cu. cm, and the second one - 15 cu. cm. Moreover, together with the above-mentioned vaccine one should intramuscularly inject ligfol twice at the dosage of 5 ml/animal. The innovation is very simple in application and enables to considerably increase efficiency in preventing colibacteriosis in calves.

EFFECT: higher efficiency of prophylaxis.

2 ex, 3 tbl

Description

The invention relates to the field of veterinary medicine, relates to a method for the prevention of colibacillosis of calves.

Colibacteriosis (Escherichiosis) is an acute infectious disease of young animals, the causative agent of which is E. Coli, proceeding in the form of sepsis or enteric and enterotoxic forms. The disease is accompanied by profuse diarrhea, sepsis, and high mortality. Colibacteriosis mainly affects calves aged 1-7 days.

A known method for the prevention of colibacteriosis of calves using a suspension of E. coli strain GISK 186 cells in saline or boiled water from 2 · 10 ¹¹ to 1 · 10 ¹¹ cells as a therapeutic agent [1].

The disadvantages of this method include the lack of effectiveness, since the calves have not yet fully formed the immune system and not all calves are capable of an effective immune response. In addition, the method is time consuming, because requires oral administration of the drug to newborn calves 30 minutes before feeding 2 times a day for 4-6 days, starting with the first colostrum.

There is a method of preventing intestinal infections of farm animals, salmonellosis, colibacteriosis, during which cholera vaccine (cholerogenanatoxin + O-antigen) is used for immunization. Immunizing doses for animals are calculated on the basis of human doses in terms of the mass of vaccinees [2].

The disadvantage of this method is that the use of one vaccine does not allow to achieve a high level of antibodies in cows, which in turn reduces the titers of antibodies in colostrum fed to newborn calves.

As a prototype, a method for preventing colibacteriosis of calves is considered, including vaccination of dry cows with the inactivated Koli-Vak K99 vaccine [3] intramuscularly 1.5-2 months before birth with an interval of 10-15 days; the first dose is 10 cm ³ and the second is 15 cm ³ .

The disadvantage of this method is low efficiency, which is also associated with the inability to achieve a high level of antibodies using only a vaccine.

The technical result of the invention is to increase the effectiveness of the prevention of colibacillosis of calves.

The technical result is achieved by vaccination of deep-shelled cows with the inactivated Kolib-Vak K99 vaccine with the simultaneous use of the drug Ligfol.

Ligfol is a complex preparation, which includes humic acids obtained by hydrolysis of natural (wood) lignin, sodium pyrophosphate decahydrate, sodium chloride and demineralized water. The valeopositive effects of ligfol are based on immunoantioxidant mechanisms, including the antiradical activity of immunocompetent organs [4]. Moreover, for the prevention of colibacteriosis in combination with vaccination, Ligfol has not been used before.

The method is as follows:

Deep-bovine cows are vaccinated 1.5–2 months before calving twice with the Koli-Vak K99 vaccine, with an interval of 10-15 days; the first dose is 10 cm ³ and the second is 15 cm ³ and at the same time Ligfol is administered twice intramuscularly at a dose of 5 ml per animal.

Known sources, patent and scientific literature do not describe a method for preventing colibacteriosis of calves, in which Ligfol would be used to increase antioxidant and immunological reactivity. In the claimed technical solution, the double administration of Ligfol cows in combination with the vaccine helped stabilize the processes of free radical oxidation, enhance the protection of immunocompetent organs, as a result of which a pronounced tendency to increase the level of immunoglobulins and specific antibodies was established in their colostrum, and in the blood serum of calves received from them, the first day at 1-5 days of age, a higher level of immunoglobulins IgG and IgA.

The essence of the method is illustrated by examples.

Example 1. Justification of effectiveness.

In a long-term colibacteriosis-poor economy, 3 groups of deep-shelled cows were selected.

The first (experimental) group included 4 cows, which were 1.5–2 months before calving twice vaccinated with Koli-Vak K99, according to the instructions for use [3], and at the same time Ligfol was administered twice in a dose of 5 ml per head.

The second group (positive control) consisted of 5 cows, which were also vaccinated 1.5–2 months before calving twice with Koli-Vak K99, but without Ligfol.

The third group (negative control) included 5 cows to which no drugs were used.

For calves obtained from the above cows, clinical observation was carried out for 15 days, the incidence, course and outcome of the disease were taken into account. The diagnosis of colibacteriosis was made on the basis of bacteriological, pathoanatomical and clinical studies. The results of the experiment are presented in table 1.

Table 1
The effectiveness of the prevention of colibacteriosis using the known and proposed methods. No. Indicators Calf groups p / p Koli-Wak K99 + Ligfol Koli-Wak K99 Negative control one The number of calves, goals (%) 4 (100) 5 (100) 5 (100) 2 Of these, sick, goals (%) - 2 (40) 4 (80) 3 Preventive efficacy (%) one hundred 60 twenty four The onset of the disease, day - 7.5 4,5 5 Duration of the disease, day - 4.0 4,5 6 Mild course of enteric form of colibacteriosis, goals, (%) - 2 (100) 3 (75) 7 Moderately severe course of enteric form of colibacteriosis, goals, (%) - - 1 (25) 8 Severe course of enteric form of colibacteriosis, goals, (%) - - -

As can be seen from table 1, the prophylactic effectiveness of the proposed method is 100%, and the known - 60%. In the group of calves obtained from unvaccinated cows, the incidence was 80% (prophylactic efficacy - 20%). Compared with the group of calves obtained from vaccinated cows, they fell ill three days earlier and were sick for 0.5 days longer.

Indicators of the immune status of calves are presented in table 2.

As can be seen from table 2, indicators of both cellular immunity (T and B lymphocytes) and humoral (immunoglobulins G, M, A) are higher in calves obtained from cows vaccinated in combination with Ligfol.

Example 2. Confirmation of effectiveness.

In a long-term dysfunctional colibacteriosis farm, 3 groups of cows were selected (two experimental and one control), 10 animals each. The animals of the experimental groups were vaccinated 1.5–2 months before calving twice with Koli-Vak K99, according to the instructions for its use [3]. The cows of the first experimental group were simultaneously injected with Ligfol at a dose of 5 ml per head twice intramuscularly. The animals of the control group were not vaccinated, but Ligfol was administered intramuscularly at a dose of 5 ml per head for 1.5-2 months before calving. The results of the study are presented in table 3.

Table 3
The comparative effectiveness of the claimed and known methods. No. p / p Indicators Calf groups Koli-Wak K99 + Ligfol Koli-Wak K99 Ligfall one The number of calves, goals,% 10 (100) 10 (100) 10 (100) 2 Of these, sick, goals (%) - 2 (20) 6 (60) 3 Preventive efficacy (%) one hundred 80 40 four The onset of the disease, day - 5.8 5,4 5 Duration of the disease, day - 6.0 8.4 6 Mild course of enteric form of colibacteriosis, goals, (%) - 2 (100) 6 (100) 7 Moderately severe course of enteric form of colibacteriosis, goals, (%) - - - 8 Severe course of enteric form of colibacteriosis, goals, (%) - - -

The data obtained confirm the prophylactic efficacy of the method compared to analogues, which indicates an increase in post-vaccination immunity, stimulation of antibody production, when the vaccine is immunized with Ligfol. The use of Ligfol without a vaccine had a low prophylactic effectiveness, due to the lack of a direct antibacterial effect in the drug.

Thus, on the basis of experimental data, it can be concluded that the proposed method is highly preventatively effective, due to the stabilization of free radical oxidation processes and the activation of immunocompetent organs.

Information sources

1. SU, 1692020, A3.30.05.1994.

2. RU, 2020958, C1, 10/15/1994.

3. Guidance on the use of a vaccine against animal ischerichiosis (Koli-Vak K88, K99, 987P, F41, TL- and TS-toxoids) / Approved by the Department of Veterinary of the Ministry of Agriculture of Russia on June 20, 1997.

4. Manual on the use of Ligfol as an adaptogen and stress corrector in veterinary medicine / Approved by the Department of Veterinary of the Ministry of Agriculture of Russia on 05.03.2001, No. 13-4-03 / 0063.

Claims (1)

A method for the prevention of colibacteriosis of calves, including twice intramuscular administration to cows 1.5-2 months before birth with an interval of 10-15 days of the Koli-Vak K99 vaccine in the first dose of 10 cm ³ , the second - 15 cm ³ , characterized in that together with the vaccine cows are injected twice with ligol in a dose of 5 ml per animal.