RU2358758C1 - Colibacteriosis and salmonellosis prevention method in piglets - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine; veterinary science.

SUBSTANCE: method involves immunisation of pregnant sows and their piglets with animal colibacillosis vaccine (Coli-Vac K88, K99, 987P, F41, TL- and TS-anatoxins). It is combined with pig salmonellosis vaccine from revertant suppressor. In addition, immunisation is combined with intramuscular injection of ligphol introduced to pregnant sows twice 1.5 months prior to farrowing every 10-15 days in dosage 3 ml per one animal. Their pigs take ligphol injections for 21-23th day after a birth twice every 10-15 days in dosage 0.1 ml/kg of body weight.

EFFECT: creation of more intense specific immunity in sows and colostric immunity in their pigs.

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Description

The invention relates to the field of veterinary medicine, relates to a method for the prevention of colibacteriosis and salmonellosis of piglets.

Pig colibacteriosis (Escherichiosis) is an acute infectious disease of piglets characterized by diarrhea, toxemia, less often septicemia, and accompanied by high mortality. The main causative agents of colibacillosis of piglets are Escherichia of the following serogroups: (08, 04, 033, 026, 0111, 0137, 0138, 0139, 0141, 0142.0147.0149).

The most susceptible to colibacteriosis are suckling piglets up to 2-3 weeks of age, as well as piglets in the first two weeks after weaning.

Pig salmonellosis (paratyphoid fever) is an infectious disease of piglets predominantly up to 4 months of age, characterized by fever, diarrhea and degenerative processes in the small and large intestines. The causative agent is bacteria of the Enterobacteriaceae family, of the genus Salmonella: S. cholerae suis, S. typhisuis, less commonly S. typhimurium and S. enteritidis, var. dublin. The greatest damage is caused by S. cholerae suis and S. typhisuis, which cause disease in weaned piglets, gilts and fattening pigs 2-5 months of age, and suckling pigs can also get sick [1].

A known method for the prevention of gastrointestinal diseases of piglets using the antibacterial drug rhodanur [2].

However, this method is time-consuming, involves the use of the drug in a mixture with food for 14 days.

A known method for the prevention of colibacteriosis and salmonellosis of piglets, including the use of a surface-active drug miramistin, the drug is administered orally 1 time per day for 5 days at a dose of 1.5 ml / kg body weight [3]. However, this method is very time-consuming, as it involves the fixation of piglets, dosed use of the drug.

A known method for the prevention of colibacteriosis and salmonellosis of piglets using hyperimmune, allogeneic serums and serums of convalescents [4].

The main disadvantages of this method is the short duration of passive immunity is 10-14 days, multiple processing, laboriousness.

A known method for the prevention of colibacteriosis of piglets, including immunization of pregnant sows with a vaccine against animal Escherichiosis (Koli-Vak K88, K99, 987P, F41, TL and TS-toxoids) [5] intramuscularly one and a half months before farrowing with an interval of 10-15 days, with this first and second dose is - 5 cm ³ .

A known method for the prevention of salmonellosis of piglets, comprising immunizing pregnant sows with a vaccine against salmonellosis of pigs from a suppressor revertant, live [6] intramuscularly one and a half months before farrowing with an interval of 10-15 days; while the first and second dose is 4 cm ³ .

However, the use of one vaccine does not allow to achieve a high level of immunity in sows, and, as a result, in piglets low colostral (colostrum) immunity, which does not provide adequate protection against gastrointestinal diseases of bacterial etiology.

A known method for the prevention of colibacteriosis, including immunization of piglets with a vaccine against animal escherichiosis (Koli-Vak K88, K99, 987P, F41, TL and TS-toxoids) intramuscularly before weaning with an interval of 10-15 days; the first dose is 1 cm ³ , the second is 1.5 cm ³ [5].

A known method for the prevention of salmonellosis, including oral immunization of piglets with a vaccine against salmonellosis of pigs from a suppressor revertant live with an interval of 5 days, with the first dose of 8 cm ³ , the second 12 cm ³ , the third 16 cm ³ [6].

However, the use of one vaccine does not allow to achieve a high level of immunity in piglets, which does not provide adequate protection against gastrointestinal diseases of bacterial etiology.

The technical result of the invention is to increase the effectiveness of the prevention of colibacteriosis and salmonellosis of piglets.

The technical result is achieved by simultaneous immunization of deep-sow sows with a vaccine against animal Escherichiosis (Koli-Vak K88, K99, 987P, F41, TL and TS-toxoids) and a vaccine against pig salmonellosis from suppressor revertant, live and the use of the drug "ligfol", immunization of piglets against animal escherichiosis (Koli-Vak K88, K99, 987P, F41, TL- and TC-toxoids) and the vaccine against pig salmonellosis from live suppressor revertant and the use of the drug ligfol.

The vaccine against escherichiosis of animals (Koli-Vak K88, K99, 987P, F41, TL- and TC-toxoids) is intended for the prevention of escherichiosis of farm animals and fur-bearing animals of cellular content. The vaccine contains protective antigens of enteropathogenic Escherichia sorbed on aluminum hydroxide: somatic (09; 078; 0141), adhesive (K88, K99, 987P, F41), capsular polysaccharide (K80; K30; K87), thermolabile and thermostable anatoxins [5].

The vaccine against pig salmonellosis from the suppressor revertant Salmonella choleraesuis No. 9 is intended for the prevention of salmonellosis caused by S. choleraesuis. It is a lyophilized finely porous mass of white or light gray color, easily soluble in physiological saline or water [6].

Ligfol is a complex preparation, which includes humic acids obtained by hydrolysis of natural (wood) lignin. The drug has adaptogenic, stress-corrective activity, increases the body's resistance, helps to maintain the health and productivity of animals [7].

The method is carried out in the following way.

Deep pregnant sows 1.5 months before farrowing are simultaneously immunized with a vaccine against escherichiosis of animals (Koli-Vak K88, K99, 987P, F41, TL and TS-toxoids) and a vaccine against salmonellosis of pigs from suppressor revertant, live with an interval of 10-15 days . The first and second doses of the vaccine against escherichiosis of animals is 5 cm ³ , and the first and second doses of the vaccine against salmonellosis of pigs are 4 cm ³ ; simultaneously with immunization, ligfol is administered twice intramuscularly at a dose of 3 ml per animal. Piglets obtained from these sows before weaning (21-23 days after birth) are immunized intramuscularly with the vaccine against escherichiosis of animals (Koli-Vak K88, K99, 987P, F41, TL- and TS-toxoids) twice with an interval to prevent edema. 10-15 days, with the first dose of 1 cm ³ , the second 1.5 cm ³ , and the oral vaccine against salmonellosis of pigs from suppressor revertant live three times on 10, 15 and 20 days of life. In this case, the first dose is 8 cm ³ , the second - 12 cm ³ , the third - 16 cm ³ , and simultaneously with the vaccine immunization against escherichiosis of animals (Koli-Vak K88, K99, 987P, F41, TL- and TS-toxoids) twice intramuscularly ligol is administered at a dose of 0.1 ml / kg body weight.

Twice administration of ligfol to sows in combination with vaccination helps to create more intense specific immunity in pregnant sows and colostral immunity in piglets obtained from them. Twice administration of ligfol to piglets before weaning, combined with vaccination, contributed to the creation of more intense specific immunity in them and led to increased resistance of piglets to gastrointestinal diseases.

Testing the effectiveness of the proposed method was carried out in LLC Vishnevskoye, Verkhnekhavsky district, Voronezh region, SHA MHP Nikolaevskoye, Anninsky district, Voronezh region, OJSC Russian agro-industrial complex Lebedyansky district, Voronezh region.

The essence of the method is illustrated by examples.

Example 1. The rationale for the immunization of pregnant sows.

In a farm that is permanently unsuitable for colibacteriosis and salmonellosis of piglets, 2 groups of 6 deep sows were selected.

The first (experimental) group included sows that were simultaneously immunized 1.5 months before farrowing with a vaccine against animal escherichiosis (Koli-Vak K88, K99, 987P, F41, TL and TS-toxoids) and a vaccine against pig salmonellosis from suppressor revertant live with an interval of 10-15 days. The first and second dose of the vaccine against escherichiosis in animals is 5 cm ³ , and the first and second dose of the vaccine against salmonellosis of pigs is 4 cm ³ . The second (control) group included sows that were not immunized (intact).

Piglets obtained from experimental sows were clinically monitored, incidence rate, disease outcome were taken into account, body weight was determined at 21 and 45 days after birth. The diagnosis of colibacteriosis and salmonellosis was established on the basis of an analysis of the epizootic situation in the household, the results of clinical, pathological and bacteriological studies. The results of the experiment are shown in table 1.

Table 1 The effectiveness of immunization of pregnant sows with colibacteriosis and salmonellosis of piglets No. p / p Indicators Piglets from sows: 1 group (experimental) 2 group (control) one The number of pigs, goals 54 52 % one hundred one hundred 2 Of them got sick, goals 10 35 % 18.5 67.3 3 Body weight for 21 days, kg 5.8 ± 1.4 5.35 ± 1.6 four Body weight for 45 days, kg 12.56 ± 2.5 11.38 ± 2.4 5 The average daily weight gain from 21 to 45 days, g 281 ± 12.5 251 ± 10.8 6 Weight gain in 24 days, kg
% 6.76
+116.6 6.03
+112.7

Table 1 shows that in the first group of piglets with gastrointestinal diseases 10 (18.5%) animals fell ill, in the second - 35 (67.3%) animals. The average daily gain and weight gain in whole piglets in the first group from day 21 to 45 was 30 g and 3.9% more than in animals of the second group.

The effect of sows immunization on the height of the titers of agglutinins for Escherichia and salmonella antigens in blood serum are presented in table 2.

table 2 Titles of agglutinins in the blood serum of sows for Escherichia and salmonella antigens Study Dates Sow groups Serum antibody titers to antigens: Esherichy Salmonell Before immunization 1 (experienced) 1: 19 ± 0.70 1: 56 ± 1.11 2 (control) 1: 54 ± 1.10 1: 42 ± 0.70 14-21 days before farrowing 1 (experienced) 1: 85 ± 1.62 1: 72 ± 1.35 2 (control) 1: 17 ± 0.70 1: 20 ± 0.71 2-4 days after farrowing 1 (experienced) 1: 125 ± 3.73 1: 84 ± 1.62 2 (control) 1: 37.5 ± 1.1 1: 33.3 ± 0.56

From table 2 it can be seen that 14-21 days before farrowing in sows of the first group, antibody titers in blood for Escherichia and salmonella antigens, compared with those in sows of the second group, increased by 5 and 3.6 times, respectively, by 2-4 day after farrowing - 3.3 and 2.5 times.

The effect of sows immunization on the height of agglutinin titers for Escherichia and salmonella antigens in colostrum serum is presented in table 3.

Table 3 Agglutinin titers for Escherichia and salmonella antigens in sows colostrum Study Dates Groups of animals Antibody titers in colostrum to antigens: Esherichy Salmonell 1-2 hours after farrowing 1 (experienced) 1: 730 ± 3.85 1: 670 ± 3.70 2 (control) 1: 480 ± 3.93 1: 230 ± 7.97

As can be seen from table 3, immunization of animals contributed to an increase in antibody titer in colostrum, thereby increasing the effectiveness of the prevention of gastrointestinal diseases in piglets. So, in comparison with the indicators of the second (intact) group, the average titers of antibodies to Escherichia and salmonella antigens in colostrum of immunized sows were 1.5 and 2.9 times higher, respectively.

Example 2. Justification of effectiveness.

In a farm that is permanently unsuitable for colibacteriosis and salmonellosis of piglets, we selected 2 groups of 6 deep-sow sows.

Sows of the first (control) group, 1.5 months before farrowing, were simultaneously immunized with a vaccine against animal escherichiosis (Koli-Vak K88, K99, 987P, F41, TL and TS-toxoids) and a vaccine against pig salmonellosis from live suppressor revertant with an interval of 10 -15 days. The first and second dose of the vaccine against escherichiosis in animals is 5 cm ³ , and the first and second dose of the vaccine against salmonellosis of pigs is 4 cm ³ . Piglets (n = 53) obtained from these sows, before weaning (21-23 days after birth), were immunized intramuscularly with the vaccine against escherichiosis of animals (Koli-Vak K88, K99, 987P, F41, TL- and TS- for the prevention of edema). toxoids) twice with an interval of 10-15 days, with the first dose of 1 cm ³ , the second 1.5 cm ³ , and the oral vaccine against salmonellosis of pigs from suppressor revertant live three times on 10, 15 and 20 days of life. In this case, the first dose is 8 cm ³ , the second - 12, the third - 16 cm ³ .

Sows of the second (experimental) group were also 1.5 months prior to farrowing at the same time they were immunized with a vaccine against animal escherichiosis (Koli-Vak K88, K99, 987P, F41, TL and TC-toxoids) and a vaccine against pig salmonellosis from live suppressor revertant with an interval 10-15 days. The first and second dose of the vaccine against escherichiosis in animals is 5 cm ³ , and the first and second dose of the vaccine against salmonellosis of pigs is 4 cm ³ . At the same time as immunization, ligfol was administered twice intramuscularly at a dose of 3 ml per animal. Piglets (n = 54) obtained from these sows, before weaning (21-23 days after birth), were immunized intramuscularly with the vaccine against escherichiosis of animals (Koli-Vak K88, K99, 987P, F41, TL- and TC- to prevent edema). toxoids) twice with an interval of 10-15 days, with the first dose of 1 cm ³ , the second 1.5 cm ³ , and the oral vaccine against salmonellosis of pigs from suppressor revertant live three times on 10, 15 and 20 days of life. In this case, the first dose is 8 cm ³ , the second - 12, the third - 16 cm ³ , and simultaneously with immunization, ligfol was administered intramuscularly at a dose of 0.1 ml / kg of piglet body weight twice (day 23 and 33).

During the experiment, the pigs were clinically monitored according to the procedure described in example 1.

The results of the experiment are presented in table 4.

Table 4 The comparative effectiveness of the claimed and known methods No. p / p Indicators Groups Control Experienced one The number of pigs, goals 53 54 % one hundred one hundred 2 Of them got sick, goals 6 3 % 11.3 5,6 3 Body weight for 20 days, kg 5.43 ± 0.2 5.08 ± 0.22 four Body weight on 51 days, kg 13.04 ± 1.1 13.99 ± 0.6 5 The average daily weight gain from 20 to 51 days, g 245 ± 10.4 287 ± 13.6 6 Weight gain in 31 days, kg
% 7.61
+140.1 8.91
+175.0

As can be seen from table 4, the prophylactic effectiveness of the proposed method is 94.4%, and the known 88.7%. Piglets obtained from sows immunized in combination with ligfol had an average daily weight gain of 42 g more, and body weight gain of 34.9% compared to piglets obtained from sows immunized without the drug.

The effect of immunization of piglets without the drug and in combination with ligfol on the titer of agglutinins for Escherichia and salmonella antigens in the blood serum are presented in table 5.

From table 5 it is seen that in piglets 38-43 days old immunized in combination with ligfol, antibody titers for Escherichia and salmonella antigens were 3.4 and 4.0 times higher than in piglets immunized without the drug. respectively. After weaning and transferring piglets for rearing in animals of the control and experimental groups, antibody titers decreased, but they remained higher in piglets vaccinated in combination with ligfol, which helped to reduce the incidence of their gastrointestinal diseases.

Thus, the studies show that the use of ligfol simultaneously with the immunization of pregnant sows contributes to the creation of more intense specific immunity and colostral immunity in the obtained piglets. The use of ligfol simultaneously with the immunization of piglets is accompanied by the formation of more intense post-vaccination immunity, which increases their resistance to colibacteriosis and salmonellosis.

Information sources

1. Urban V.P., Naimanov I.L. Diseases of young animals in industrial livestock. - M .: Kolos, 1984. - 207 p.

2. Kuznetsova I.I. et al. Prevention of gastrointestinal diseases of piglets with rhodanur // Scientific principles for the prevention and treatment of non-communicable diseases of farm animals. - Voronezh, 1991 .-- S. 42-43.

3. Poyarkova T.V. Antimicrobial activity and therapeutic efficacy of miramistin in colibacteriosis and salmonellosis of piglets. Abstract for the degree of candidate of veterinary sciences. - Voronezh, 2005.

4. Efanova L.I., Saiduldin E.G. The protective mechanisms of the body. Immunodiagnosis and immunoprophylaxis of infectious animal diseases. / Ed. A.G. Shakhova. - Voronezh: VGAU, 2004 .-- 391 p.

5. Guidance on the use of a vaccine against escherichiosis in animals (Koli-Vak K88, K99, 987P, F41, TL- and TS-toxoids). / Approved by the Veterinary Department of the Ministry of Agriculture of Russia on June 20, 1997.

6. Guidance on the use of the vaccine against salmonellosis of pigs from the suppressor revertant live. / Approved by the Veterinary Department of the Ministry of Agriculture of Russia on 05.15.1996.

7. Guidance on the use of Ligfol as an adaptogen and stress corrector in veterinary medicine // Approved by the Department of Veterinary of the Ministry of Agriculture of Russia on 05.05.2000 No. 13-4-03 / 0063.

Claims (1)

A method for the prevention of colibacteriosis and salmonellosis of piglets, comprising immunizing deeply sows and piglets obtained from them with a vaccine against animal Escherichiosis (Koli-Vak K88, K99, 987P, F41, TL and TC-toxoids), characterized in that the animals are inoculated with a salmonellosis vaccine pigs from a suppressor revertant live and additionally simultaneously with immunization are injected twice intramuscularly with ligfol to deep-sow sows 1.5 months before farrowing with an interval of 10-15 days at a dose of 3 ml per animal, and for pigs, obtained from these sows, on the 21-23 day after birth, ligfol is administered twice at an interval of 10-15 days at a dose of 0.1 ml / kg body weight.