RU2476260C1 - Thick-flowing material mixer - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: process engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to mixers with rotary mixing webs intended for thick-flowing materials. Proposed mixer comprises rotary drum running on frame journals and provided with mouth closed be cover to accommodate crosswise plates that make crossed ripper. Said drum is fitted on journals misaligned with mouth. Lengthwise rods are secured on cover of said mouth to support crossed ripper with edges confined by annular plate of diameter comparable to that of said mouth. Drum bottom is arranged and locked inside arched beam fitted in plain bearings mounted on drive shaft.

EFFECT: higher reliability and quality of mixing.

2 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to general-purpose devices for carrying out physical processes, and more particularly to mixers with rotating tanks and rotating mixing partitions.

The level of this technical field is characterized by a mixer mounted on a horizontal drive shaft, described in US patent No. 3787035, B01F 9/08, 1974.

A feature of this mixer is the placement of an independently rotating central shaft coaxially with the drive shaft, bearing impellers longitudinally distributed across the reservoir of the impeller.

Thus, the mixed material during rotation of the tank is cyclically divided into parts, which are then combined with a falling force, while the material is additionally crushed by the impellers into smaller fragments in both directions of motion of the mixed mass in the rotating tank, which ensures constant rotation of fragments, their grinding and interaction , that is, active mixing.

The disadvantage of the described mixer is its insecurity when working with energy-containing materials - pyrotechnic compositions, since ignition of the composition and subsequent explosion of the mixer are possible and likely from the inevitable friction in the seal gaps of two independently rotating shafts.

More perfect, suitable for the homogenization of pyrotechnic compositions, is the mixer according to the invention DE No. 2012689, B01F 9/00, 1971, which is selected according to the technical nature and the number of matching features as the closest analogue to the proposed mixer.

The known mixer contains a variable section tank, in the necks of which a loading window is made, closed by a lid, and an outlet channel with a slide gate.

The tank by means of pins is mounted on the frame and connected with a rotation drive perpendicular to its longitudinal axis.

At least two ripper plates are fixed across the reservoir, which mechanically during tilting of the mixed mass in a rotating reservoir separate the centrally formed compacted lump of the processed material.

A disadvantage of the known mixer design is the problem of interoperational cleaning of the ripper fixed inside the ripper plates from adhering pyrotechnic residues due to their inaccessible location with respect to the narrow neck of the tank.

According to operating conditions and technical requirements for the purity of pyrotechnic mixtures, the presence of impurities in the composition is unacceptable. After each operation of preparing a portion of the pyrotechnic composition, the tank and the mixing tool must be cleaned.

In addition, self-mounted transverse mounted plates, halving the falling mass of material during rotation of the tank, do not mix the seal formed in the center of the viscous flow lump, which must be further fragmented to ensure the required homogeneity of the mixture.

The increase in the number of plates does not achieve this technical result, since it is difficult to place them in the cramped volume of the tank, and most importantly, the mass will not have time to gravitationally move along all ripper plates in one revolution.

The technical problem to which the present invention is directed is to increase the functional reliability and manufacturability of the mixer design to automatically ensure the specified quality of the finished pyrotechnic mixture.

The required technical result is achieved by the fact that in the known mixer of viscous fluid material containing a rotary drum mounted in the pins of the frame, closed by a lid on the neck, and inside of which near the center there are mounted transverse plates forming a cross-shaped ripper, according to the invention, the drum is mounted in pins with eccentricity relative to the neck, on the lid of which longitudinal pins are mounted, carrying a cross-shaped cultivator, the perimeter of which is bounded by an annular diameter plate, the diameter of the neck, while the bottom of the drum is installed and fixed inside the arch beam, which is supported by sliding bearings on the drive shaft.

Distinctive features increase the functional reliability of the mixer and the quality of the finished product due to the exclusion of clumping and arch formation when mixing viscous fluid material, ensuring the uniformity of its structure.

The installation of a rotary drum with an eccentricity relative to the neck increases the potential energy of the gravitationally thrown mass of the processed material on the cultivator during rotation of the compact drum.

The fastening of the cross-shaped cultivator on the drum cover allows you to remove the functional unit for its inter-operational high-quality release from the remnants of the mixed material, especially pyrotechnic, explosive, etc. energy-containing material (under the conditions of safe operation).

Bearing pins ensure that the cultivator is placed in an optimal location for functioning as intended - near the center of the drum, where an immiscible clot of material forms.

Fastening along the perimeter of the cross-shaped cultivator on the pins of the annular plate increases its cutting surface, by means of which the inevitably formed seal of the processed material, especially viscous, is fragmented.

This significantly increases the mechanical strength of the plate cultivator as a whole.

The comparability of the diameter of the annular peripheral plate of the cultivator with the diameter of the neck of the drum provides unhindered installation and removal of the cultivator assembly, which has the maximum possible dimensions, for its bearing cover for installation in the working position and free access during routine maintenance, respectively.

Therefore, each essential feature is necessary, and their combination in a stable relationship is sufficient to achieve the novelty of quality that is not inherent in the signs of disunity, that is, the technical task posed is not solved by the sum of the effects, but by a new super-effect of the sum of the attributes.

A comparative analysis of the proposed technical solution with identified analogues of the prior art, from which the invention does not explicitly follow for the pyrotechnic production technologist, showed that it is unknown, and taking into account the possibility of industrial production of the proposed mixer in the existing production, we can conclude that the patentability criteria are met.

The essence of the invention is illustrated by drawings, which have a purely illustrative purpose and do not limit the scope of the claims of the totality of the features of the formula. The drawings show:

figure 1 - mixer viscous material;

figure 2 is a view along arrow a in figure 1.

The mixer (figure 1) contains a drum 1 (technological tank), which with an eccentricity "e" is mounted in the pins formed by a horizontal drive shaft 2, mounted in bearings 3, mounted on a frame 4, supporting the drive 5 of the rotation of the shaft 2.

The neck 6 of the drum 1 is closed by a cover 7, which is pressed by the screws 8 of the bracket 9.

On the lid 7, pins 10 are fixed, bearing a cross-shaped plate-shaped cultivator 11 fixed on the opposite side and placed inside the plate-shaped ring 12 (Fig. 2).

A cultivator 11 with a ring 12 is placed between the axis of the shaft 2 of rotation of the drum 1 and its geometric center - in an optimal location for efficient functioning as intended.

The bottom of the drum 1 is located inside the arched beam 13, which is fixedly connected by pins 14 on both sides, forming a monolithic structure with distributed load.

Arched beam 13 through the cuffs 15 kinematically closed (pinched) on the drive shaft 2.

Arched beam 13 is a curved beam for blocking the opening between the additional supports 15, which works mainly on compression, causing not only vertical but also horizontal reactions (struts) in the supports 15, fixing the drum 1 in operation.

When the loaded drum 1 is mounted with an eccentricity “e”, the bearings 15 perceive a part of the cyclic uneven load in operation.

The mixer operates as follows.

Through the open neck 6, a portion of the pyrotechnic composition with the addition of a solid component is loaded into the drum 1.

Then, a cover 7 is installed on the neck 6, placing the ripper 11 with the ring 12, mounted on the pins 10, inside the drum 1.

The neck 6 and the cover 7 are kinematically closed between each other by means of a spacer 9, pressed against the cover 7 by screws 8.

After that include the drive 5 of the rotation of the shaft 2 with the drum 1 and the arch beam 13 in the bearings 3 and 15, respectively.

When the drum 1 rotates, the processed mass of material, spatially reoriented, falls under the action of gravitational forces and is divided into parts from collisions with the end of the ripper 11 with the ring 12 with its compacted core.

During multiple rotations of the drum 1 across its longitudinal axis, the fragmented parts of the processed material are mixed, frayed and dispersed, turning within a specified cycling time into a homogeneous pyrotechnic composition of the required consistency.

After mixing the pyrotechnic composition for a set technological time, the drive 5 is turned off, stopping the rotation of the drum 1.

Then, loosing the screws 8, the bracket 9 is removed and the ripper 11 with the ring 12 on the pins 10 is removed for the cover 7, which on the tray are cleaned of residues of the processed material and washed.

Turning the drum 1 with the neck 6 down, unload the prepared mixture from it.

Empty drum 1 is washed and dried in the technological position of the pre-production. In the drum 1 prepared for operation, pyrotechnic material for processing is loaded in an isolated room, where the assembly of the tool assembly of the installation is carried out, which is then installed in pins 2-3.

Next, the cycle of work is repeated.

By practical manufacturing of pyrotechnic compositions in a prototype mixer according to the invention, positive results were obtained on the quality of a homogeneous material obtained in an automatic mode, safely and efficiently, which makes it possible to recommend the proposed mixer for use in serial production for preparing standard pyrotechnic compositions with the required quality for mixture uniformity.

Claims (2)

1. A mixer of viscous fluid material containing a rotary drum mounted in the pins of the frame, closed by a lid on the neck and inside of which near the center are mounted transverse plates forming a cross-shaped cultivator, characterized in that the drum is mounted in pins with eccentricity relative to the neck, on the lid of which longitudinal pins are fixed bearing a cross-shaped cultivator, the perimeter of which is bounded by an annular plate with a diameter comparable to the diameter of the neck. 2. The mixer according to claim 1, characterized in that the bottom of the drum is installed and fixed inside the arch beam, which is supported by sliding bearings on the drive shaft.

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