RU2453653C1 - Method to erect dike dam on arctic sea shore - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: method includes filling a sand base, laying a layer of crushed stone, layerwise filling of a soil dam body, erection of a race and strengthening the race and the dam body with reinforcement. The race is erected from a hardened mixture of soil with heavy oil. At the same time the race strengthened with heavy oil, meshed reinforcement is erected simultaneously with filling of the soil dam body. In the lower part of the dam there is a water-receiving header and rainwater pipes. Dam soils are strengthened with rod reinforcement and anchor plates.

EFFECT: invention provides for the possibility of year-round erection of a dam and increased reliability of its operation on arctic sea shores.

2 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to hydraulic engineering and is intended to protect against flooding of coastal territories and structures, destruction by waves, undercurrents, shifts of ice fields of coastlines (terraces, slopes) in the Arctic seas.

There is a method of protecting coastal slopes from destruction (RF Patent No. 2075570), providing for an increase in their stability. It provides for the deepening into the soil of the near-boundary zone of reservoirs of the base of slopes with reinforcing elements, the laying of soil and planting material in them. The disadvantages of the method include the lack of protection of the middle and upper parts of the coastal slopes (slopes) from water erosion. The method does not take into account short-term and long-term changes in hydrological and hydrogeological water levels in reservoirs and coastal slopes, low stability of coastal slopes, development of landslide processes. This method is applicable only to gentle soil slopes.

There is a method of protecting coastal slopes from changes in the level of groundwater (UWG), including the use of drainage systems (Fig. 6.12, G.V.Zheleznyakov, Yu.A. Ibad-zade, P.L. Ivanov and others. Hydraulic structures / Under the general editorship of V.P. Nedrigi. - M.: Stroyizdat, 1983, 543 p.). The disadvantages of the method include the use for slopes of expensive drain pipes, the complexity of laying drainage elements in the body of the dam (soil slope), water extraction from drainage pipes, wells using pumping stations.

There is a separate method for the construction of a soil dam with an anti-filtration diaphragm (Temporary recommendations on the technology of construction of anti-filtration diaphragms. Kiev. NIISP Gosstroy of the Ukrainian SSR, 1969, pp. 10-23). It includes the construction of the body of the dam, the construction of trenches in it, filling them with clay mortar and other anti-filtration materials. The disadvantages of this method are: the complexity of the construction operations, the cost of capital costs in the construction of filter curtains needed to protect against erosion during periods of storm slopes of dams with water.

A known method of construction in the northern regions of Russia of protective dams, roads (road structures), other earthworks, providing for the implementation of three stages of work (RF Patent No. 2312181), this method is adopted as a prototype. At the beginning of construction, a sand base is poured under the dam 0.2-0.3 m thick. A drainage layer 0.3-0.4 m high is erected from crushed stone (soil cured with "heavy oil") on it. Then, they are laid on the surface of the drainage layer heat-insulated plates with a thickness of 0.18-0.2 m prefabricated. The seams between the plates are poured with a clay solution, covered with a mixture of oil waste and create the lower part of the heat-insulating cage with deviations from the base of the slopes to the axis of the subgrade and a gap for the drainage of water from the subgrade. At the second stage of the work, the dam is poured layer by layer with compaction to design marks and laying slabs on its slopes, filled with grout, seam insulation with a mixture of oil waste. On the surface of the dam from the plates create the upper part of the waterproofing cage, which is simultaneously used as a hardened underlying layer for the working cover (work clothes) of the dam. In cases of application for protection against flooding of territories, elimination of destruction of coastal slopes of a soil (earthen) structure by underwater currents, ice movements in the Arctic seas, the prototype is characterized by the following disadvantages: low reliability of sealing joints between plate plates, a sharp decrease in the strength, deformation properties of the dam body, the lower part of the cage of the dam of water flows in cases of UHW fluctuations both in the coastal slope and in the reservoir; unsatisfactory strength indicators of perception by the dam of storm and ice loads.

The problem to which the invention is directed is to strengthen the dam body by a clip, which, with external influences on the structure, ensures the reliability of the dam operation on the shores of the Arctic seas; maintaining in the body of the soil embankment of the dam a constant humidity regime, its high strength and deformation properties; the ability to simultaneously use the dam as a protective hydraulic structure and road in stormy and ice conditions.

This is achieved by the fact that a cage reinforced with "heavy" oil, mesh reinforcement is erected simultaneously with the dumping body being dumped, while a water intake manifold, downpipes are installed in the lower part of the dam, and the dam soils are reinforced with rod reinforcement and anchor plates.

The advantages of the proposed technical solution include the following:

- the possibility of year-round construction and operation of protective hydraulic structures, roads, technological sites in the North with sharp fluctuations in the water level in coastal slopes and ponds;

- the manufacture of the main elements of the hydraulic structure is carried out directly in the developed area, eliminating the cost of manufacturing plates for the insulating cage in the factory and delivering them to the construction area;

- Ensuring the construction of structures from local dusty, moist and saline soils directly on the coast of the Arctic seas;

- the exclusion of the use of expensive road-building materials, as well as a 30–40% reduction in the volume of earthwork, transportation, land allocation during the construction of hydraulic structures;

- hardening the body of the dam with a cage of the cured soil mixture with grids, “rigid” rod reinforcement allows for storm and ice impacts on the structure to ensure reliable operation of the dam on the shores of the Arctic seas.

Thus, the claimed technical solution having the above set of distinctive features and advantages meets the criteria of patentability "novelty" and "inventive step".

The invention is illustrated in the drawing, where figure 1 shows a cross section of a hydraulic dam.

The hydraulic dam, the construction of which is carried out by the claimed method, includes a sand base 1, a crushed stone layer 2, a cage 3 reinforced with steel nets 4 and including a water intake manifold 5 and drain pipes 6 in the lower part, a dump of the body of the earth dam 7, on the surface of which a working road is laid clothes 8, equipped with borders 9, a layer of filtering synthetic fabric 10 and local soil 11. The body of the dam is spatially strengthened by “rigid” rod reinforcement 12 and anchor plates 13.

The proposed method (figure 1) is implemented as follows. After sanding the base 1 with a thickness of 0.2-0.3 m, a layer of crushed stone 2 is laid to a height of 0.3-0.4 m. Then, on the surface of layer 2 with slopes i = 2 ... 3% of the vertical axis of the dam from a pre-prepared mixture The “heavy” oil with soil is erected in the lower part of the holder 3. The holder 3 in the middle part is reinforced with steel nets 4. To discharge the water, the water collector 5 and drain pipes 6 are laid in the lower part of the holder 3. In this case, the pipes 6 are laid in the direction of the dam near the slope. Then layer-by-layer simultaneously with compaction, the body of the mount dam 7 is poured to design marks, its slopes are fixed, the upper surface of the hardened, insulating cage 3 reinforced with steel nets 4. In general, the dam body is spatially reinforced with “rigid” reinforcement 12 and anchor plates 13. On the surfaces of the cage 3 lay a layer of crushed stone 2 and working road clothing 8. Road clothing 8 is equipped with curbs 9 with openings for passing atmospheric and sea waters. At the final stage of the construction, on the surface of the coastal slope, an additional drainage layer of crushed stone 2 with a thickness of 0.3-0.9 m is placed with the simultaneous placement of filtering synthetic fabric 10, and then the cavity between the coastal slope and fabric 10 is covered with local soil 11. In the lower contact zone parts of the ureteral slope with a natural base pour a layer of crushed stone 0.3-0.4 m thick and protect its surface from siltation, erosion by the coastal waters with a clip 3. The lower part of the ureteral slope to protect against ice movements GOVERNMENTAL fields additionally secured to the bottom sediments of the anchors reinforced "heavy" soil oil.

The operation of the dam allows you to protect coastal areas, structures, coastal slopes from flooding, destruction in cases of exposure to extreme storm and ice loads. In summer storms, seawater, reaching the top of the urethral slope, passing through the drainage layers of gravel located in the upper part, the base of the dam, drastically losing its destructive energy, is dumped back into the sea. During spring movements of ice fields to the dam, they are destroyed, ice moves along the gentle slope of the urezic slope, the upper part of the structure and ice accumulates on the upper terraces of the coast, and at the beginning of the summer period, ice melts and the water drains into the sea.

In the construction of dams on the coastal slopes of the Arctic seas, the proposed method allows to protect the adjacent territories, structures from flooding and destruction, to ensure industrial and environmental safety of the developed areas. The method at optimal costs, along with the protection of structures, coastline of the shelf includes the use of dams as roads and airfield strips.

Claims (2)

1. A method of constructing a protective dam on the coast of the Arctic Sea, including sandblasting, laying a crushed stone layer, layer-by-layer dumping of the body of a dirt dam, construction of a cage from a curable mixture of soil with heavy oil and hardening of the cage, body of the dam with reinforcement, characterized in that it is hardened with heavy oil , with a wire mesh reinforcement, a clip is erected simultaneously with the filling of the body of the soil dam, while a water intake manifold, drainpipes are installed in the lower part of the dam, and the reinforcement bars reinforce the soil of the dam , Anchor plates. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that in the contact zones of the slopes of the dam with the shore, sandy beach lay layers of gravel and protect them from siltation, erosion by coastal waters with a layer of a cured soil mixture with heavy oil.

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