RU2312181C1 - Road structure - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction, particularly to build roads, airports of silt soil, for instance in northern zones having seasoned deeply frozen or permafrost soil, high ground water level, mainly in summer periods.

SUBSTANCE: road structure has pavement with underlying layer, road bed reinforced with binding agent and water-proofing shell. The water-proofing shell has lower part inclined from embankments to road bed axis. Road structure also has gap for water discharge from shell into underlying draining layer located under road bed. Water-proofing shell and draining layer are made of soil reinforced with binding material, for instance with oil. Upper part of strengthened shell is used as paving underlayer.

EFFECT: possibility of object construction of in-situ silt or wet soil, increased strength and stability during road usage.

1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the construction of roads, airdromes from dusty soils and can be used in the northern regions, characterized by the presence of soils with deep seasonal freezing or permafrost soils, high levels of groundwater, the implementation of road construction works mainly in the summer periods of the year.

There is a method of building pavements in winter and a production line for its implementation, including the installation of a base, molding of road bitumen-mineral slabs on the conveyor of a landfill located directly at the construction site, cooling the slabs in air and laying them on a sandy base. In this case, the formation of road slabs is carried out by vibro-compaction of a layer of freshly crushed fractionated gravel with simultaneous impregnation with bitumen emulsion and laying of rubble gravel with additional compaction, and the slabs are cooled in air until they are frozen (RF patent No. 2081235, Е01С 7/24, Е01С 5/12, 1997, . - analogue). This method, providing year-round performance of road construction works, involves the use of expensive bitumen and crushed stone from stone materials.

A known method of strengthening soils by heating the soil and oil, mixing them, introducing into the mixture the required number of bacterial cultures and removing light hydrocarbon fractions from the mixture. The resulting mixture of soil with "heavy" oil is again heated and layered, compacted during the construction of various purpose objects (RF patent 21356806 Е01С 3/04, 7/36, 1999 - analogue). The method eliminates the use of expensive bitumen in the construction of road structures from dusty soils through the use of "heavy" oil to improve their building properties.

A known method of fixing sand, involving the application of clay drilling mud, previously dissolved in water in a ratio of 1: 3, on sand in a volume of 15-20 l / m ² , spraying the formed coating after drying at a temperature of at least 20 ° C with a mixture of oil waste in volume 0.5-0.6 l / m ² (RF patent 2169233, E02D 3/12, C09K 17/40, 2001 - analogue). This solution is intended for the construction of waterproof coatings (screens) as part of road embankments. However, placing the screens directly on deformable substrates from dusty sand does not allow them to be protected from damage by vehicles, or to keep the screens waterproof during road use.

Known design, including road pavement, drainage layer, subgrade (road embankment) with a waterproofing clip placed in it, increasing strength, frost resistance of the road embankment. In this design, the clip bottom is made with a slope directed from the slopes to the axis of the embankment, and the ends of the clip on the axis are located with a gap adjacent to the drainage layer made with deviations from the axis of the embankment to the slopes (RF patent 2035536, Е01С 3/06, 1995 - prototype). This design provides increased strength, frost resistance of the road embankment, includes the use of expensive waterproofing roll materials (hydroisol, reinforced plastic film, etc.), provides for high-quality welding work, gluing from them panels of the upper and lower layers of the cage, insulating the road embankment.

The essence of the proposed solution is as follows. The proposed design has road pavement with a base layer, a subgrade reinforced with a binder and waterproofing cage, the lower part of which is made with slopes from the slopes to the axis of the subgrade and a gap for the drainage of water from the cage into the subgrade subgrade. In this case, the waterproofing cage and the drainage layer are made of soil hardened with a cementitious material, for example oil, and the upper part of the hardened cage is at the same time a base layer for pavement.

The distinctive features of the proposed solutions in comparison with the prototype include the following:

- waterproofing clip made of soil hardened with an organic or inorganic binder, such as oil;

- the drainage layer is made of soil hardened with an organic or inorganic binder, for example oil;

- the upper part of the reinforced cage is located directly under the pavement and is the underlying layer for it.

Therefore, the claimed technical solution meets the criterion of "novelty."

In relation to the prototype, the distinguishing features of the proposed method can eliminate the use of expensive waterproofing roll materials (waterproofing, hardened plastic film, etc.), as well as welding, gluing of waterproofing materials of the upper and lower layers of the cage. In addition, the implementation of the waterproofing cage and the drainage layer from the soil, hardened with a cementitious material, such as oil, excludes the use of gravel and coarse sand for the underlying layer of pavement. Therefore, the claimed technical solution meets the criterion of "positive effect".

Signs that distinguish the claimed solution from the prototype are not identified in other technical solutions in the study of this and related areas of technology and, therefore, provide the criterion of "significant differences".

The drawing shows a cross section of a road structure. The inventive road structure includes road pavement 1 with a bedding layer 2 and a subgrade 3 enclosed in a waterproofing casing 4. The cage is made of soil reinforced with a cementitious material, such as oil. The upper part of the cage 4 has slopes of more than 2% and is the underlying layer 2 for pavement 1. The lower part of the cage 4 has slopes of more than 2% from the slopes to the axis of the subgrade and a gap 5 for the drainage of water from the subgrade 3 into the drainage layer 6. Base for subgrade 3 is sand preparation 7.

The proposed road structure is constructed as follows. At the first stage of construction, a sand base 0.2-0.3 m thick is poured. From the crushed stone (soil cured by "heavy" oil), a drainage layer 0.3-0.4 m high is built on the base. Then, they are laid on the surface of the drainage layer plates with a thickness of 0.18-0.2 m, which are prefabricated in the factory from hardened with "heavy" oil soils. The seams between the plates on top are filled with clay mortar and covered with a mixture of oil waste. As a result, the lower part of the waterproofing cage is created with deviations from the slopes to the axis of the subgrade and a gap for the drain from the subgrade of water. Next, layer-by-layer with compaction, the subgrade is erected to design levels, its slopes are fixed with prefabricated plates with grouting the joints between the plates. As a result, the upper part of the waterproofing clip is created on the surface of the subgrade. The clip is used as a base layer during the subsequent construction of pavement.

The road construction is recommended for year-round construction in the northern regions of roads, airfield coatings, technological sites and other earthworks. The design allows you to build earthworks from local dusty or moist soils, to extract them from the road reserves. This solution provides increased strength, stability of local soils during the operation of the road embankment, eliminates the use of expensive road-building materials (hydroisol, hardened plastic film, natural crushed stone, bitumen). The claimed solution allows to reduce the volume of excavation and transport work, land allocation, timing and costs in the construction of structures by 30-40%. From the foregoing, it is obvious that the proposed design fully realizes the goal - it reduces the time and cost of construction, increases the reliability of road operation in the northern regions.

Claims (1)

The road structure, including road pavement with a base layer and a subgrade reinforced with a binder and waterproofing clip, the lower part of which has slopes from the slopes to the axis of the subgrade, as well as a gap for the drainage of water from the subgrade to the underlying drainage layer, characterized in that it is waterproof the cage and the drainage layer are made of soil hardened with a binder, such as oil, and the upper part of the hardened cage is located directly under the pavement and is the underlying layer for it.