CN111335100A - Embankment structure suitable for coastal region and construction method thereof - Google Patents
Embankment structure suitable for coastal region and construction method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C7/00—Coherent pavings made in situ
- E01C7/08—Coherent pavings made in situ made of road-metal and binders
- E01C7/32—Coherent pavings made in situ made of road-metal and binders of courses of different kind made in situ
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/10—Dams; Dykes; Sluice ways or other structures for dykes, dams, or the like
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/12—Revetment of banks, dams, watercourses, or the like, e.g. the sea-floor
- E02B3/128—Coherent linings made on the spot, e.g. cast in situ, extruded on the spot
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/12—Revetment of banks, dams, watercourses, or the like, e.g. the sea-floor
- E02B3/14—Preformed blocks or slabs for forming essentially continuous surfaces; Arrangements thereof
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
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- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/16—Sealings or joints
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03F—SEWERS; CESSPOOLS
- E03F1/00—Methods, systems, or installations for draining-off sewage or storm water
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03F—SEWERS; CESSPOOLS
- E03F5/00—Sewerage structures
- E03F5/04—Gullies inlets, road sinks, floor drains with or without odour seals or sediment traps
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A10/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE at coastal zones; at river basins
- Y02A10/11—Hard structures, e.g. dams, dykes or breakwaters
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本申请涉及公路与海堤结构交叉设计领域,具体而言,涉及一种适用于沿海地区的堤路结构及其施工方法。The present application relates to the field of intersection design of highways and seawall structures, in particular, to a road embankment structure suitable for coastal areas and a construction method thereof.
背景技术Background technique
随着社会经济发展,人类的经济活动日趋频繁,海岸工程的建设密度也随之加大,其互相影响、互相干扰制约也日趋严重和复杂。堤路结合工程是目前沿海地区常见的一种复合道路工程形式,该道路的走向近似与海岸走向一致,兼顾道路交通功能和海堤防浪挡水功能。目前,堤路结合结构形式主要有堤后路和堤顶路两种。堤后路中道路布置于堤坝后面(背水侧),道路高程一般低于堤顶高程;堤顶路是堤路完全结合的形式,以堤身作为道路的路基,道路高程与堤顶高程相同。With the development of society and economy, the economic activities of human beings are becoming more and more frequent, and the construction density of coastal engineering is also increasing. The embankment-road combination project is a common form of composite road engineering in coastal areas. The direction of the road is approximately the same as that of the coast. At present, there are two main forms of embankment-road combined structure: embankment-back road and embankment-top road. The road in the middle road behind the embankment is arranged behind the embankment (backwater side), and the elevation of the road is generally lower than the elevation of the top of the embankment; the road to the top of the embankment is a form of complete combination of the embankment and the road, and the embankment body is used as the roadbed of the road, and the elevation of the road is the same as that of the top of the embankment.
近些年来,我国沿海地区城市高速发展,对区域水生态文明的要求越来越高。而传统的海堤等挡水结构通常仅考虑后方陆域防护功能,沿海地区软土层较厚,地质状况较差,风浪和潮流的撞击和侵蚀作用非常强烈,如缺乏有效的防护措施,极易造成结构损坏或失稳。如何做到因地制宜,将道路的工程要求与沿海的生态环境、自然条件和公共活动有机地协调为一体,在满足防浪挡水和交通功能的前提下最大限度地发挥项目的生态效益和环境效益是一个亟需解决的工程问题。In recent years, with the rapid development of cities in coastal areas of my country, the requirements for regional water ecological civilization are getting higher and higher. However, traditional water-retaining structures such as seawalls usually only consider the protection function of the rear land area. The soft soil layer in coastal areas is thick, the geological conditions are poor, and the impact and erosion of wind, waves and currents are very strong. It is easy to cause structural damage or instability. How to adjust measures to local conditions, organically coordinate the engineering requirements of the road with the coastal ecological environment, natural conditions and public activities, and maximize the ecological and environmental benefits of the project on the premise of meeting the functions of preventing waves and water and traffic It is an engineering problem that needs to be solved urgently.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
本申请实施例的目的在于提供一种适用于沿海地区的堤路结构及其施工方法,其能够有效改善上述问题。The purpose of the embodiments of the present application is to provide an embankment structure suitable for coastal areas and a construction method thereof, which can effectively improve the above problems.
第一方面,本申请实施例提供一种适用于沿海地区的堤路结构,其包括第一垫层,以及分别设置于第一垫层上的主体结构、镇压平台以及抛石平台。In a first aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide an embankment structure suitable for coastal areas, which includes a first cushion layer, and a main structure, a suppression platform and a riprap platform respectively disposed on the first cushion layer.
主体结构包括自堤路结构的外海侧至内海侧依次连接的堤身、外侧防渗墙、道路结构以及内侧防渗墙,堤身包括由抛石填筑所得的第一本体、以及设置于第一本体上的自外海侧至内海侧顺次连接的防浪结构以及路面结构,路面结构低于防浪结构,外侧防渗墙和内侧防渗墙均设有植被层,道路结构具有排水系统。The main structure includes the embankment body, the outer seepage prevention wall, the road structure and the inner seepage prevention wall sequentially connected from the outer sea side to the inner sea side of the embankment road structure. A wave-proof structure and a pavement structure connected in sequence from the outer sea side to the inner sea side on the main body, the pavement structure is lower than the wave-proof structure, the outer and inner seepage-proof walls are provided with vegetation layers, and the road structure has a drainage system.
镇压平台与第一本体远离外侧防渗墙的一端连接,镇压平台的高度低于防浪结构且高于位于堤路结构在外海侧的平均高潮位。The suppression platform is connected to one end of the first body away from the outer seepage-proof wall, and the height of the suppression platform is lower than the wave-proof structure and higher than the average high tide level of the embankment structure on the sea side.
抛石平台与内侧防渗墙远离道路结构的一侧连接。The riprap platform is connected to the side of the inner anti-seepage wall away from the road structure.
在上述实现过程中,通过镇压平台以及抛石平台分别设置于主体结构的两侧,有效地改善结构荷载方式并保证主体结构稳定性,同时镇压平台以及防浪结构配合,可以有效防止风浪和潮流对堤身、道路结构等的撞击和侵蚀,提高其使用寿命,并且外侧防渗墙和内侧防渗墙的设置,一方面可以防止海水渗入道路结构,提高道路结构的稳定性及耐久性,另一方面植被层的设置,改善了传统堤后路行车景观欠佳的问题,提高了堤路结构的生态效果。In the above realization process, the suppression platform and the riprap platform are respectively arranged on both sides of the main structure, which can effectively improve the structural load mode and ensure the stability of the main structure. At the same time, the suppression platform and the anti-wave structure can effectively prevent wind, waves and tides. The impact and erosion of the embankment body and road structure can improve its service life, and the installation of the outer and inner anti-seepage walls can prevent seawater from infiltrating into the road structure, improve the stability and durability of the road structure, and on the other hand. On the one hand, the setting of the vegetation layer improves the problem of poor driving landscape of the traditional embankment road and improves the ecological effect of the embankment road structure.
在一种可能的实施方案中,外侧防渗墙和内侧防渗墙均包括本体以及防渗膜层,本体由闭气土填筑而成,防渗膜层包裹本体的侧壁以及底壁并与堤身、对应的道路结构以及对应的抛石平台紧密连接。In a possible embodiment, the outer seepage-proof wall and the inner seepage-proof wall both include a main body and an anti-seepage membrane layer, the main body is filled with air-tight soil, and the anti-seepage membrane layer wraps the side wall and bottom wall of the main body and is connected with the main body. The embankment body, the corresponding road structure and the corresponding riprap platform are closely connected.
在上述实现过程中,通过闭气土和防渗膜层的设置,有效防止海水的渗透。In the above realization process, the infiltration of seawater can be effectively prevented by the setting of air-sealing soil and anti-seepage membrane layer.
可选地,闭气土包括淤泥质黏土。Optionally, the closed air soil includes silty clay.
其中,淤泥质黏土为沿海地区常见的土质,实际的施工堤路结构的过程中,需要清表土方和基坑开挖土方,造成淤泥质黏土的废弃以及额外的处理费用,本申请中,利用其渗透性较小的特点将其作为闭气土,结合防渗膜层,可有效地防止外部海水渗入,并且淤泥质黏土有机质含量较高,可作为良好的绿化种植土,不需要额外铺设种植土,不仅大大提高了结构的生态效果,还降低了制作成本。Among them, silty clay is a common soil in coastal areas. During the actual construction of the embankment and road structure, it is necessary to clear the surface soil and excavate the foundation pit, resulting in the waste of the silty clay and additional treatment costs. In this application, the use of Its low permeability makes it a closed air soil, combined with an anti-seepage membrane layer, which can effectively prevent the infiltration of external seawater, and the silty clay has a high organic matter content, which can be used as a good greening planting soil, and does not require additional planting soil. , which not only greatly improves the ecological effect of the structure, but also reduces the production cost.
在一种可能的实施方案中,外侧防渗墙靠近堤身的一端高于外侧防渗墙靠近道路结构的一端,排水系统包括:设置于外侧防渗墙与道路结构的连接处并沿道路结构的延伸方向布置的排水沟。In a possible embodiment, the end of the outer seepage-proof wall close to the embankment body is higher than the end of the outer seepage-proof wall close to the road structure, and the drainage system includes: disposed at the connection between the outer seepage-proof wall and the road structure and along the road structure The drainage ditch arranged in the direction of extension.
在上述实现过程中,利用排水沟可同时收集外侧防渗墙以及道路结构的地表水,结构更为紧凑,同时利用外侧防渗墙倾斜设置的方式,保证地表水能够通过重力的作用顺利的进入排水沟,减少地表水在外侧防渗墙的表面停留的时间,减小渗水。In the above realization process, the drainage ditch can be used to collect the surface water of the outer anti-seepage wall and the road structure at the same time, and the structure is more compact. At the same time, the inclined arrangement of the outer anti-seepage wall is used to ensure that the surface water can enter smoothly through the action of gravity. Drainage ditches can reduce the time that the surface water stays on the surface of the outer seepage prevention wall and reduce water seepage.
在一种可能的实施方案中,内侧防渗墙靠近道路结构的一端高于内侧防渗墙靠近抛石平台的一端,内侧防渗墙的表面设有沿道路结构的延伸方向布置的混凝土预制襟边以及用于种植植被层的空心砖层,混凝土预制襟边设置于外侧防渗墙靠近路面结构的一端。In a possible embodiment, the end of the inner seepage-proof wall close to the road structure is higher than the end of the inner seepage-proof wall close to the riprap platform, and the surface of the inner seepage-proof wall is provided with a concrete prefabricated flap arranged along the extension direction of the road structure The edge and the hollow brick layer used for planting the vegetation layer, and the prefabricated concrete edge is set at one end of the outer anti-seepage wall close to the pavement structure.
在上述实现过程中,利用混凝土预制襟边的设计保证其结构的稳定性,同时,也可以提高其在内海侧的海水冲刷下的耐久性,进一步地,空心砖的设置与混凝土预制襟边配合,形成坡面段防护结构,进一步提高其在内海侧的海水冲刷下的耐久性。In the above realization process, the design of the concrete prefabricated flap is used to ensure the stability of its structure, and at the same time, its durability under the scouring of the sea water on the inland side can also be improved. The protective structure of the slope section is formed to further improve its durability under the erosion of sea water on the inland side.
在一种可能的实施方案中,镇压平台的表面设有第一护面层,第一本体包括自外海侧至内海侧的方向依次连接的坡面段、平台以及堤顶段,其中坡面段倾斜设置且不高于平台,平台低于堤顶段且堤顶段的侧壁与台的顶壁之间形成用于安装防浪结构的台阶,路面结构设置于堤顶段,坡面段以及平台的表面设有第二护面层,第二护面层设有竖向布置的排气孔。In a possible embodiment, the surface of the suppression platform is provided with a first protective layer, and the first body includes a slope section, a platform and a top section connected in sequence from the outer sea side to the inland sea side, wherein the slope section The platform is inclined and not higher than the platform, the platform is lower than the top section of the embankment, and a step for installing the wave break structure is formed between the side wall of the top section of the embankment and the top wall of the platform, and the pavement structure is arranged on the top section of the embankment, the slope section and The surface of the platform is provided with a second protective surface layer, and the second protective surface layer is provided with vertically arranged exhaust holes.
在上述实现过程中,通过第二护面层的设置,进一步降低外海侧海水对于镇压平台和堤身的冲刷,提高其使用寿命。In the above implementation process, the setting of the second protective layer further reduces the scouring of the repression platform and the embankment body by the sea water on the outer sea side, and improves its service life.
可选地,防浪结构包括底板、灌砌块石挡墙以及钢筋砼防浪墙。Optionally, the wave-proof structure includes a bottom plate, a block stone retaining wall and a reinforced concrete wave-proof wall.
底板与第二护面层连接且与堤顶段的侧壁紧密抵靠,底板的底壁设有用于嵌设于第一本体内进行限位的齿墙。The bottom plate is connected with the second protective layer and closely abuts with the side wall of the top section of the embankment, and the bottom wall of the bottom plate is provided with a tooth wall for being embedded in the first body to limit the position.
灌砌块石挡墙竖向固定于底板的上表面且与堤顶段的侧壁紧密抵靠。The poured block stone retaining wall is vertically fixed on the upper surface of the bottom plate and closely abuts against the side wall of the top section of the embankment.
钢筋砼防浪墙与灌砌块石挡墙的上表面连接并伸出路面结构,钢筋砼防浪墙的根部设置泄水孔,钢筋砼防浪墙远离灌砌块石挡墙的一端向外海侧倾斜。The reinforced concrete wave-proof wall is connected with the upper surface of the cast-in-block stone retaining wall and protrudes out of the pavement structure. The root of the reinforced concrete wave-proof wall is provided with a drain hole, and the end of the reinforced concrete wave-proof wall away from the cast-block stone retaining wall faces the sea. side tilt.
通过上述设置方式,保证防浪效果佳。Through the above setting methods, the anti-wave effect is guaranteed to be good.
在一种可能的实施方案中,当对应主体结构的沿海地区进行软基处理前,堤路结构还包括第二垫层,第二垫层位于第一垫层对应主体结构的下侧。In a possible embodiment, before the soft foundation treatment is performed on the coastal area corresponding to the main structure, the embankment structure further includes a second cushion layer, and the second cushion layer is located on the lower side of the first cushion layer corresponding to the main structure.
在上述实现过程中,通过软基处理和镇压平台以及抛石平台的配合,有效提高堤路结构的稳定性,同时通过第二垫层的设置,可以提供一个施工作业平台,便于施工时施工机械进场作业。In the above realization process, the stability of the embankment structure is effectively improved through the cooperation of the soft foundation treatment and the suppression platform and the riprap platform. At the same time, through the setting of the second cushion layer, a construction work platform can be provided, which is convenient for the construction machinery during construction. On-site work.
第二方面,本申请实施例提供一种上述适用于沿海地区的堤路结构的施工方法,其包括:In the second aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide a construction method for the above-mentioned embankment structure suitable for coastal areas, which includes:
施工对应镇压平台以及抛石平台的第一垫层后,抛填外海侧的镇压平台以及内海侧的抛石平台。After the construction of the first cushion corresponding to the suppression platform and the riprap platform, the suppression platform on the outer sea side and the riprap platform on the inland sea side will be dumped and filled.
铺填对应主体结构的第一垫层,填筑并碾压密实堤身、外侧防渗墙、道路结构以及内侧防渗墙,然后施工防浪结构,施工排水系统,摊铺堤顶路面结构以及道路结构的路面。Lay and fill the first cushion corresponding to the main structure, fill and compact the dense embankment body, outer seepage prevention wall, road structure and inner seepage prevention wall, then construct the wave prevention structure, the drainage system, the pavement structure on the top of the embankment, and the Road structure pavement.
施工外侧防渗墙及内侧防渗墙的植被层。The vegetation layer of the outer anti-seepage wall and the inner anti-seepage wall shall be constructed.
在上述实现过程中,利用上述步骤施工,利用镇压平台和抛石平台隔断海水进行主体的施工,操作可控且简单方便,获得适用于沿海地区的堤路结构。In the above realization process, the above steps are used for construction, and the seawater is cut off by the suppression platform and the riprap platform to carry out the construction of the main body. The operation is controllable and simple and convenient, and the embankment road structure suitable for coastal areas is obtained.
在一种可能的实施方案中,堤路结构包括设置于镇压平台的第一护面层以及设置于堤身的第二护面层,施工方法在施工防浪结构之前包括:填筑并碾压密实堤身、外侧防渗墙、道路结构、内侧防渗墙以及抛石平台后,待预压、沉降基本稳定后,施工第一护面层和第二护面层。In a possible embodiment, the embankment road structure includes a first protective layer disposed on the pressing platform and a second protective layer disposed on the embankment body, and the construction method includes: filling and rolling before constructing the wave prevention structure After compacting the embankment body, the outer anti-seepage wall, the road structure, the inner anti-seepage wall and the riprap platform, and after the preloading and settlement are basically stable, the first and second protective layers are constructed.
通过预压、沉降基本稳定后,再施工第一护面层和第二护面层的方式,可以保证第一护面层与镇压平台连接的稳定性,以及第二护面层与堤身连接的稳定性,进而保证整个堤路结构的稳定性以及耐久性。After the pre-compression and settlement are basically stable, the first and second protective layers can be constructed to ensure the stability of the connection between the first protective layer and the repression platform, and the connection between the second protective layer and the embankment body. stability, thereby ensuring the stability and durability of the entire embankment structure.
附图说明Description of drawings
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例的技术方案,下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,应当理解,以下附图仅示出了本申请的某些实施例,因此不应被看作是对范围的限定,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他相关的附图。In order to illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application more clearly, the following drawings will briefly introduce the drawings that need to be used in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present application, and therefore do not It should be regarded as a limitation of the scope, and for those of ordinary skill in the art, other related drawings can also be obtained according to these drawings without any creative effort.
图1为本申请实施例堤路结构的结构示意图;1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embankment structure according to an embodiment of the present application;
图2为本申请实施例堤身的结构示意图;FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an embankment body according to an embodiment of the present application;
图3为本申请实施例防浪结构的结构示意图。FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a wave-proof structure according to an embodiment of the present application.
图标:10-堤路结构;100-第一垫层;101-袋装碎石压顶层;103-高强机织土工布层;105-第一碎石垫层;106-机织土工布层;110-第二垫层;120-堤身;121-第一本体;123-路面结构;1251-灌砌块石层;1253-第二碎石垫层;126-排气孔;127-防浪结构;1271-底板;1272-齿墙;1274-灌砌块石挡墙;1275-底座;1276-流水槽;1278-防浪墙;1279-泄水孔;130-外侧防渗墙;131-植被层;133-第二本体;135-防渗膜层;137-排水沟;140-内侧防渗墙;141-混凝土预制襟边;143-空心砖层;150-道路结构;151-基体;153-面层;155-基层;157-底基层;180-镇压平台;181-混凝土格梁;183-第一护面层;190-抛石平台;191-护脚。Icon: 10- embankment structure; 100- first cushion layer; 101- bagged gravel top layer; 103- high-strength woven geotextile layer; 105- first gravel cushion layer; 106- woven geotextile layer; 110-Second cushion; 120-Dike body; 121-First body; 123-Pavement structure; Structure; 1271-base plate; 1272-tooth wall; 1274-irrigated block stone retaining wall; 1275-base; 1276-flow trough; 1278-wave break wall; 1279- drain hole; Vegetation layer; 133-second body; 135-impermeable membrane layer; 137-drainage ditch; 140-inner seepage-proof wall; 141-concrete prefabricated flap; 143-hollow brick layer; 150-road structure; 151-base body; - surface layer; 155- base layer; 157- sub-base layer; 180- repression platform; 181- concrete lattice beam; 183- first surface layer; 190- riprap platform;
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为使本申请实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚,下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图,对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例是本申请一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。通常在此处附图中描述和示出的本申请实施例的组件可以以各种不同的配置来布置和设计。In order to make the purposes, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments It is a part of the embodiments of the present application, but not all of the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application generally described and illustrated in the drawings herein may be arranged and designed in a variety of different configurations.
术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”等仅用于区分描述,而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。The terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are only used to differentiate the description and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
堤路结构包括外海侧以及内海侧,其中,外海侧是指朝向大海的一侧,内海侧是指朝向陆地的一侧,其中,内海侧可以为陆地或浅湾,具有一定的海水,但水位不高且风浪较小。基于上述设定,具体描述本申请提供的适用于沿海地区的堤路结构。The embankment structure includes the outer sea side and the inland sea side, where the outer sea side refers to the side facing the sea, and the inland sea side refers to the side facing the land, wherein the inland sea side can be a land or a shallow bay, with a certain seawater, but the water level is limited. Not high and the wind and waves are small. Based on the above settings, the embankment structure provided in this application and suitable for coastal areas will be described in detail.
实施例Example
请参阅图1,本实施例提供一种适用于沿海地区的堤路结构10,其包括第一垫层100,以及分别设置于第一垫层100上的主体结构、镇压平台180以及抛石平台190。Referring to FIG. 1 , the present embodiment provides an
其中,第一垫层100包括自远离地面至靠近地面(也即是自上至下)依次叠加铺设有袋装碎石压顶层101、高强机织土工布层103、第一碎石垫层105和机织土工布层106,具体地,高强机织土工布层103的强度高于机织土工布层106,袋装碎石压顶层101的厚度为40cm,第一碎石垫层105厚度为60cm,且第一碎石垫层105表面基本平整,需抛第一碎石垫层105的位置不能漏抛或少抛。The
需要说明的是,高强机织土工布层103以及机织土工布层106施工过程中需要幅边搭接时,搭接宽度均需要大于50cm,并采用高强尼龙丝或涤纶丝缝接处理,保证搭接后的高强机织土工布层103以及机织土工布层106整体性佳。It should be noted that when the high-strength woven
其中,需要说明的是,当堤路结构10所在的区域的地基基础较好不需要特殊处理时,可直接在地面设置第一垫层100,但堤路结构10所在的区域普遍地质条件较差,需要进行软基处理,才能够保证堤路结构10的稳定性。其中软基处理的方式可参考相关技术,本申请中不做限定。Among them, it should be noted that when the foundation of the area where the
因此,以本实施例为例,当对应主体结构的沿海地区需要进行软基处理,那么软基处理前,堤路结构10还包括第二垫层110,第二垫层110位于第一垫层100对应主体结构的下侧,通过镇压平台可以有效地改善结构荷载方式,再结合有效的软基处理措施,可以极大地保证堤路结构10的稳定性。Therefore, taking this embodiment as an example, when the coastal area corresponding to the main structure needs to be subjected to soft foundation treatment, before the soft foundation treatment, the
其中,第二垫层110由复合土工布层和级配碎石层构成,其中,复合土工布层铺设在级配碎石层的下方,级配碎石层的具体厚度可根据现场情况进行确定或调整,在此不做限定。The
主体结构包括自堤路结构10的外海侧至内海侧依次连接的堤身120、外侧防渗墙130、道路结构150以及内侧防渗墙140。The main structure includes an
其中,请参阅图1以及图2,堤身120包括第一本体121、防浪结构127以及路面结构123。1 and 2 , the
第一本体121由抛石填筑碾压密实后所得,第一本体121包括自外海侧至内海侧的方向依次连接的坡面段、平台以及堤顶段,其中坡面段倾斜设置且不高于平台,平台低于堤顶段且堤顶段的侧壁与平台的顶壁之间形成台阶。其中,坡面段、平台以及堤顶段一体成型,具体的施工方式可参考相关技术,在此不做赘述。The
坡面段以及平台的表面设有第二护面层。第二护面层包括平铺设置的灌砌块石层1251和第二碎石垫层1253。灌砌块石层沟缝内由C20细石砼填饱塞满,第二碎石垫层1253厚度例如为30cm,其中灌砌块石层1251铺设在第二碎石垫层1253的上方。The slope section and the surface of the platform are provided with a second protective layer. The second protective layer includes a tiled cast-in-
同时,第二护面层设有排气孔126,排气孔126竖向布置,进而排气孔排除第二护面层下的气体,保持第二护面层内外的气压平衡。At the same time, the second protective layer is provided with an
第二护面层设有沿堤路结构的延伸方向布置的混凝土格梁181,具体地,混凝土格梁181布置于第一本体的坡面段,具体地,混凝土格梁181包括两组,一组混凝土格梁181位于坡面段与平台连接的一端,另一组混凝土格梁181位于位于第一护面层与第二护面层的连接端,上述设置条件下有效提高第二护面层在外海侧的海水冲刷时的稳定性。其中,混凝土格梁181采用C25混凝土现浇。The second protective layer is provided with concrete lattice beams 181 arranged along the extension direction of the embankment structure. Specifically, the concrete lattice beams 181 are arranged on the slope section of the first body. Specifically, the concrete lattice beams 181 include two groups, one A group of concrete lattice beams 181 is located at the end of the connection between the slope section and the platform, and the other group of concrete lattice beams 181 is located at the connection end of the first protective layer and the second protective layer. Under the above setting conditions, the second protective layer can be effectively improved. Stability when washed by sea water on the open sea side. Among them, the
路面结构123设置于坡顶段,路面结构123可作为运营期检查和维护车辆的通行道路,方便检查和维修。由于上述路面结构123的用途并不涉及大型运输,因此,为了节省成本以及便于施工,路面结构123为水泥混凝土路面结构123。The
防浪结构127设置于台阶并伸出台阶,也即是路面结构123低于防浪结构127,也即是防浪结构127和路面结构123自外海侧至内海侧顺次连接的。The
具体地,请参阅图2以及图3,防浪结构127包括底板1271、灌砌块石挡墙1274以及钢筋砼防浪墙。Specifically, please refer to FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 , the wave-
底板1271分别与第二护面层、坡顶段的侧壁连接,且底板1271的底壁设有用于嵌设于第一本体内进行限位的齿墙1272,通过齿墙1272与坡顶段的侧壁的配合,对底板1271进行横向的限位,保证防浪结构127在被外海侧海水冲刷的稳定性。其中,底板1271为混凝土底板1271,本实施例中,底板1271采用C20混凝土浇筑,厚度50cm,有效提保证底板1271的强度。The
灌砌块石挡墙1274竖向固定于底板1271的上表面且与坡顶段的侧壁紧密抵靠,灌砌块石挡墙1274远离坡顶段的一侧为坡面。通过坡面的设置,减缓冲刷的力度,同时便于将重刷后的海水排出。The poured block
其中,灌砌块石挡墙1274例如采用C20细石砼灌砌块石砌筑而得,其中,砌块石应采用石料新鲜完整,无裂隙,不含泥,无风化龟裂、抗海水腐蚀性能好、形状有二个大致平行平面的毛石。利用C20细石砼以及砌块石的配合,保证灌砌块石挡墙1274的强度以及延长其使用寿命长。钢筋砼防浪墙包括底座1275以及设置于底座1275顶壁的防浪墙1278,底座1275与灌砌块石挡墙1274的上表面连接,防浪墙1278伸出堤顶段(也即是防浪墙1278高于路面结构123)。Among them, the block
其中,钢筋砼防浪墙远离灌砌块石挡墙1274的一端向外海侧倾斜,具体地,防浪墙1278靠近外海侧的一侧呈弧面,且该弧面远离底座1275的一端朝向外海侧延伸,防浪效果佳。Wherein, the end of the reinforced concrete wave break wall far from the
底座1275设有流水槽1276,流水槽1276设置于底座1275且位于防浪墙1278靠近路面结构123的一端,流水槽1276沿堤路结构10的延伸方向布置,进而,即使极端条件下部分海浪越过防浪墙1278,也会流至流水槽1276内进行收集,同时流水槽1276可以收集路面结构的积水并排出。The
为了便于排出流水槽1276内的水,防止积水,同时避免其他处理,钢筋砼防浪墙的根部设置泄水孔1279,泄水孔1279的一端与流水槽1276连通,另一端朝向外海侧延伸并伸出底座1275和/或防浪墙1278,泄水孔1279靠近流水槽1276的一端高于泄水孔1279远离流水槽1276的一端,也即是泄水孔1279倾斜设置,例如向外倾斜坡度6%。In order to facilitate the discharge of the water in the
需要说明的是,排气孔126为PVC硬管且呈梅花型布置,间距为3m,泄水孔1279水平布置,间距5m。It should be noted that the exhaust holes 126 are PVC hard pipes and are arranged in a plum blossom shape with a spacing of 3m, and the drain holes 1279 are arranged horizontally with a spacing of 5m.
同时,可选地,路面结构123的上表面与底座1275的上表面齐平或略高于(不大于10cm)底座1275的上表面,进而保证路面结构123的地表水经泄水孔1279排至外海,防止积水以及防止渗水。At the same time, optionally, the upper surface of the
钢筋砼防浪墙可采用C35海工耐久性混凝土现浇,在此不做限定。The reinforced concrete wave break wall can be cast-in-place with C35 marine durable concrete, which is not limited here.
外侧防渗墙130和内侧防渗墙140均设有植被层131。也即是,道路结构150的两侧均设有植被层131,提高其生态效果,同时植被层131的设置也具有一定的降噪作用。The outer seepage-
具体地,外侧防渗墙130和内侧防渗墙140均包括第二本体133以及防渗膜层135,第二本体133由闭气土填筑而成,防渗膜层135包裹第二本体133的侧壁以及底壁并与堤身120、对应的道路结构150以及对应的抛石平台190紧密连接。其中,防渗膜层135具体例如为防渗土工布层,利用闭气土和防渗膜层135的配合,使内部渗水可由外侧防渗墙130和内侧防渗墙140分别阻截,防止渗入道路结构150,保证道路结构150的稳定性,防止因渗水导致的坍塌。Specifically, the outer
其中,申请人发现,淤泥质黏土为沿海地区常见的土质,实际的施工堤路结构10的过程中,需要清除表土或基坑开挖土方,造成淤泥质黏土的废弃以及额外的处理费用,因此本申请中,闭气土包括淤泥质黏土,利用其渗透性较小的特点将其作为闭气土,结合防渗膜层135,可有效地阻截内部渗水,并且淤泥质黏土有机质含量较高,可作为良好的绿化种植土,不需要额外铺设种植土,不仅大大提高了结构的生态效果,还降低了成本。Among them, the applicant found that silty clay is a common soil quality in coastal areas. During the actual construction of the embankment and
进一步可选地,外侧防渗墙130靠近堤身120的一端高于外侧防渗墙130靠近道路结构150的一端,道路结构具有排水系统;排水系统包括:设置于外侧防渗墙130与道路结构150的连接处并沿道路结构150的延伸方向布置的排水沟137,排水沟137的底壁低于道路结构150的上表面。也即是,利用排水沟137可同时收集外侧防渗墙130以及道路结构150的地表水,结构更为紧凑,同时利用外侧防渗墙130倾斜设置的方式,保证地表水能够通过重力的作用顺利的进入排水沟137,减少地表水在外侧防渗墙130的表面停留的时间,减小渗水。Further optionally, the end of the outer seepage-
其中为了进一步保证安全性以及外观的美观性,排水沟137采用盖板边沟的形式设置。In order to further ensure safety and aesthetic appearance, the
内侧防渗墙140靠近道路结构150的一端高于内侧防渗墙140靠近抛石平台190的一端,内侧防渗墙140的表面设有沿道路结构150的延伸方向布置的混凝土预制襟边141以及用于种植植被层131的空心砖层143,混凝土预制襟边141设置于外侧防渗墙130靠近路面结构123的一端。也即是利用混凝土预制襟边141及空心砖层143有效覆盖内侧防渗墙140的表面,需注意的是,混凝土预制襟边141的部分埋设于内侧防渗墙140。利用混凝土预制襟边141的设计保证其结构的稳定性,同时,也可以提高其在内海侧的海水冲刷下的耐久性,进一步地,空心砖层143的设置与混凝土预制襟边141配合,形成防冲刷结构,进一步提高其在雨水或内海侧的海水冲刷下的耐久性。其中,混凝土预制襟边141可采用C25混凝土现浇。其中,空心砖层143由多个空心砖拼接所得,空心砖例如为六角空心砖,防浪效果更佳。One end of the inner
基于上述,由于内侧防渗墙140与外侧防渗墙130的不同,因此设置于内侧防渗墙140与外侧防渗墙130的植被层131也具有一定的不同,其中位于内侧防渗墙140的植被层131为种植在六角空心砖内的草灌等,外侧防渗墙130的植被层131可以为树木与草灌掺杂。Based on the above, due to the difference between the inner
道路结构土石混合料填筑形成道路结构的基体151,且基体151与外侧防渗墙130、内侧防渗墙140连接,基体151的上表面自上至下依次包括叠设的面层153、基层155和底基层157。其中,道路结构150的两侧可根据实际的需求设置防撞护栏等。The road structure is filled with earth-rock mixture to form the
镇压平台180与堤身120远离外侧防渗墙130的一侧连接,具体地,镇压平台180与坡面段段连接,且镇压平台180低于平面段。镇压平台180的高度低于防浪结构127且高于位于堤路结构10在外海侧的平均高潮位。其中,外海侧的平均高潮位是指外海侧的高潮水位的平均高度。The
镇压平台180由抛石填筑并碾压密实所得,其中,为了保证防止冲蚀的效果佳,镇压平台180的外表面设有第一护面层183。The
其中,第一护面层183由多个大块石理抛构成。Wherein, the first
其中,大块石理抛的厚度例如为80cm,大块石理抛的单个重量不低于200kg。也即是镇压平台180采用大块石理抛进行防护,可以防止风浪和潮流的撞击和侵蚀。同时,镇压平台180也可兼做施工便道和围堰。Among them, the thickness of the large stone throw is, for example, 80cm, and the single weight of the stone throw is not less than 200kg. That is, the
抛石平台190与内侧防渗墙140远离道路结构150的一端连接,其中抛石平台190不高于内侧防渗墙140远离道路结构150的一侧,进而使得路面的水可直接经内侧防渗墙140、抛石平台190流至内海侧。The
抛石平台190由抛石填筑所得,且抛石平台190的表面设有护脚191,具体地,护脚191位于抛石平台190与内侧混凝土的连接处,进而通过护脚191,进一步保证空心砖层143以及抛石平台190的稳定性。The
需注意的是,当需要软基处理时,第一垫层100分两步进行填筑。It should be noted that when the soft foundation treatment is required, the
本申请还提供适用于沿海地区的堤路结构10的施工方法,其包括:The present application also provides a method of construction of the
S1.施工对应镇压平台180的第一垫层100以及对应抛石平台190的第一垫层100后,抛填外海侧的镇压平台180以及抛石平台190。利用先施工镇压平台180以及抛石平台190以隔断内海侧海水以及外海侧海水,便于后续施工主体结构且保证后续主体施工的稳定性。S1. After constructing the
S2.铺填对应主体结构的第二垫层110:具体先铺设一层复合土工布层,再填筑级配碎石层,级配碎石层具体厚度可根据现场情况进行确定或调整。S2. Lay and fill the
S3.根据工程概况、地质状况、结构特点等选取合理的软基处理措施,对对应主体结构的位置进行软基处理,然后在软基处理后的第二垫层110上铺填对应主体结构第一垫层100,其中,第一垫层100具体铺设步骤为:先铺设一层机织土工布106,再填筑第一碎石垫层105,然后铺设一层高强机织土工布103,具体地,铺设机织土工布、高强机织土工布幅边搭接时,搭接宽度大于50cm,并采用高强尼龙丝或涤纶丝缝接处理,接着抛填袋装碎石层40cm,完成第一垫层100的设置。S3. Select reasonable soft foundation treatment measures according to the project overview, geological conditions, structural characteristics, etc., perform soft foundation treatment on the position of the corresponding main structure, and then lay and fill the
S4.填筑并碾压密实堤身120、外侧防渗墙130、道路结构150以及内侧防渗墙140,待预压、沉降基本稳定后,施工第一护面层183和第二护面层,其中,第一护面层183和第二护面层连接,也即是坡面段直接与镇压平台连接的部分不设有第二护面层。S4. Fill and roll the
S5.施工防浪结构127,施工排水系统,摊铺堤顶路面结构123以及道路结构150的路面。S5. Construction of the
S6.施工外侧防渗墙130及内侧防渗墙140的植被层131。S6. Construct the
综上,本申请提供的适用于沿海地区的堤路结构的施工方法,操作可控且简单,获得的适用于沿海地区的堤路结构通过结构的改变,有效地改善结构荷载方式并保证主体结构稳定性,有效防止风浪和潮流对堤身、道路结构等的撞击和侵蚀,提高其使用寿命及堤路结构的生态效果。To sum up, the construction method of the embankment road structure suitable for coastal areas provided by this application is controllable and simple in operation, and the obtained embankment road structure suitable for coastal areas can effectively improve the structural load mode and ensure the main structure through structural changes. Stability, effectively prevent the impact and erosion of wind, waves and currents on the embankment, road structure, etc., and improve its service life and the ecological effect of the embankment structure.
以上仅为本申请的优选实施例而已,并不用于限制本申请,对于本领域的技术人员来说,本申请可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本申请的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本申请的保护范围之内。The above are only preferred embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application may have various modifications and changes. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of this application shall be included within the protection scope of this application.
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