RU2453087C2 - Working body for loosening soil - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: working body comprises the lower part of bracket-like shape, which front pointed part is wider than the rear and has a conical shape. The cultivator tooth is rigidly attached to the lower point of the front part. The lateral surface of the bracket is made in the lower part half in the form of a half of a truncated cone. The centers of the lower and upper bases of the cone are shifted relative to each other. In the upper part the lateral surface of the bracket blends smoothly into the vertical plates of width equal to the width of the lateral surface of a truncated cone. The vertical plates are rigidly attached to the blades which are hinged on the rack brackets. On the ends of the blades the spherical bushings are mounted, one of which has the right and the other - the left-hand thread. In the bushings a feed screw with a feedback thread is mounted. The angle between the lateral surfaces of the vertical plates ranges from 0 to 18°.

EFFECT: invention enables to provide the required quality of crumbling soil under different operating speeds of the device movement.

5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agricultural machinery, and in particular to machines for tillage.

Known tillage bracket (AS No. 1702892, A01B 35/22) containing a cutting element fixed to the frame with a cutting perimeter having the shape of a trapezoid with rounded corners at the lower base and formed by plowshares and side racks, one of which is located obliquely back and the other forward along the bracket, and an extension blade mounted on the trailing edge of the cutting element. The ploughshare blade in the middle part is made rectilinear and is located in the transverse vertical plane at an acute angle to the backward inclined rack having a length greater than the forward inclined blade.

The disadvantages of this device are as follows.

1. This soil cultivating bracket provides high-quality tillage with formation rotation only on slopes.

2. The width of the share blade promotes the formation of a plow sole.

3. The bracket will not be able to provide compression of the soil formation.

4. The angle of attack is not regulated and remains constant.

Known working body of the soil cultivator (AS No. 1724036, A01B 35/22, 13/00) containing racks-knives installed between them in the lower part of the ploughshare, while the racks-knives have upper straight and lower curved sections, centers the radii of curvature of which are located between the knife racks, the working height of the curved section of each knife rack and its working width have a ratio of not more than 1: 1, while the share blade and its trailing edge are horizontal, and the length of the rear edge of the share is less than its length blades.

The disadvantages of this device are as follows.

1. This working body is designed for loosening the soil to a great depth, has large dimensions, is used in the processing of soil and rhizomes of shrubs and trees in horticulture.

2. One working body as a working machine is connected to the transport using a hinged system.

3. Creates great traction resistance.

4. The angle of attack of the working body cannot be regulated.

Closest to the claimed working body for loosening the soil is the working body for loosening the soil (small patent of the Republic of Tajikistan TU 86, IPC 01B 35/12; 35/14; 37/00).

A working body for loosening the soil, including a stand and a paw secured with two countersunk head bolts, mounted on a spring fuse. The lower working part is made in a stapled shape, with the front pointed part wider than the rear, which is higher than the front, i.e. has a conical shape.

The disadvantage of this device is that it does not provide an adjustment of the angle of attack of the bracket, which does not allow to obtain the high required quality of soil treatment at various speed modes of operation of the tillage unit.

The objective of the invention is the provision of the required quality of crumbling soil at various operating speeds of the unit due to the regulation of the angle between the side surfaces of the bracket.

The problem is solved due to the fact that the working body for loosening the soil, the lower part of which is made in the form of a staple shape, and the front pointed part is wider than the back, has a conical shape, to the lower point of which the loosening foot is rigidly attached, the side surface of the bracket is made in the lower part in the form of a half truncated cone, the centers of the lower and upper bases of which are displaced relative to each other, and in the upper part smoothly passes into vertical plates with a width equal to the width of the side surface cross-sectional cone, vertical plates are rigidly attached to the blades, which are pivotally mounted on the brackets of the rack, while at the ends of the blades spherical bushings are installed, one of which has a right and another left threads, in which a threaded spindle with a reciprocal thread is installed, and the angle between the side surfaces of vertical plates 0-18 °.

New significant features.

1. The lateral surface of the bracket is made in the lower part in the form of a half truncated cone, the centers of the lower and upper bases of which are offset relative to each other.

2. In the upper part, the side surface of the bracket smoothly passes into vertical plates with a width equal to the width of the side surface of the truncated cone.

3. The vertical plates are rigidly attached to the blades, which are pivotally mounted on the brackets of the rack.

4. At the ends of the blades mounted spherical bushings, one of which has a right and the other left-hand thread, in which a lead screw with a mating thread is installed.

5. The angle between the side surfaces of the vertical plates is 0-18 °.

The listed new essential features in combination with the known ones allow to obtain a technical result in all cases to which the requested amount of legal protection applies.

Technical result

1. The lateral surface of the bracket is made in the lower part in the form of a half truncated cone, the centers of the lower and upper bases of which are offset relative to each other. This form provides compression of the treated soil when it passes through the working body, which leads to an increase in intracapillary pressure in this soil layer. When compressed soil leaves the working body due to the pressure of compressed intrasoil gases, crumbling occurs.

2. In the upper part, the side surface of the bracket smoothly passes into vertical plates with a width equal to the width of the side surface of the truncated cone. This ensures the contour of the working body, which allows for complete cutting of weeds.

3. Vertical plates are rigidly attached to the blades, which are pivotally mounted on the brackets of the rack, which allows them to move together.

4. At the ends of the blades mounted spherical bushings, one of which has a right and the other left-hand thread, in which a lead screw with a mating thread is installed. This design allows you to simplify the change in the angle between the vertical plates by rotating one lead screw, which will allow you to rotate the vertical plate at the same angle.

5. The angle between the lateral surfaces of the vertical plates is adjustable from 0 to 18 °, which provides a change in the degree of compression of the cropped soil layer in the working body, as a result of which the required quality of crumbling of the soil is achieved at various operating speeds of the unit.

Figure 1 schematically shows the working body for loosening the soil in three projections. Figure 2 is a section along aa. Figure 3 is a view of a bracket.

The working body for loosening the soil consists of a bracket 1, the side surface of which is made in the form of a half truncated cone, the centers of the lower O and upper O ₁ bases are offset from each other by a distance S along the working body. In the upper part, the bracket 1 smoothly passes into vertical plates 2, the width of which is equal to the width of the lateral surface of the truncated cone. At the lower point of the concave lateral surface of the bracket 1, the loosening foot 3. is rigidly attached. The vertical plates 2 are rigidly attached with clamps 4 to the blades 5, which are pivotally mounted on the brackets 6 of the rack. At the ends of the blades 5, spherical bushings 7 are installed. One of the bushings has a right-hand thread and the other has a left-hand thread, in which a lead screw 8 with a mating thread is installed. The angle α between the side surfaces of the vertical plates 2 of the bracket 1 can be from 0 to 18 °.

The working body for loosening the soil works as follows.

When the unit moves, the soil layer, cut by the front of the bracket 1 and the paw 3, rises and moves along the lower edge of the bracket 1. Since the working part of the bracket 1 is conical, the formation, while continuing to move, is compressed. At the same time, intrasoil capillaries are compressed. Upon exiting the cone-shaped bracket 1 due to the lack of compressive force, the soil layer under the pressure of compressed intra-soil gases collapses, forming a fine-crumpled structure.

To ensure the required quality of crumbling soil at various operating speeds of the unit, it is possible to adjust the angle α between the side surfaces 2 of the bracket 1 by rotating the spindle 8. With an increase in the speed of movement of the unit, the angle α is reduced.

Claims (1)

A working body for loosening the soil, containing the lower part of a brackish shape, the front pointed part of which is wider than the rear and has a conical shape, and a loosening paw is rigidly attached to the lower point of the front part, characterized in that the side surface of the bracket is made in the lower part as a half of a truncated cone , the centers of the lower and upper bases of which are offset relative to each other, and in the upper part smoothly passing into vertical plates with a width equal to the width of the lateral surface of the truncated cone, m vertical plates are rigidly fixed to the blades that are pivotally mounted on the brackets of the rack, while at the ends of the blades spherical bushings are installed, one of which has a right and the other a left-hand thread, in which a threaded spindle with a reciprocal thread is installed, and the angle α between the side surfaces of vertical plates ranges from 0 to 18 °.

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