RU2449919C1 - Aeronautic apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transport.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to aeronautics. Proposed apparatus comprises rigid cigar-like envelopment with internal crosswise webs filled with has lighter than air, stabiliser, engines attached to said envelopment, control cabin and mooring appliances. Said envelopment is divided into nose, central and tail sections. Cavities of nose and tail sections are filled with gas lighter than air with lift equal to total weight of all sections while central section cavity is designed to create extra lift by heated air.

EFFECT: expanded operating performances.

2 cl, 2 dwg

Description

Known aeronautical apparatus, comprising a rigid cigar-shaped shell with transverse partitions, having cavities filled with gas lighter than air, a stabilizer, engines attached to the shell, a control cabin, berth devices [1]. Such a balloon apparatus requires a large amount of expensive gas lighter than air.

The objective of the invention is the creation of a balloon apparatus - a hybrid with the functions of an airship and hot air balloon.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in an aeronautical apparatus including a rigid cigar-shaped shell with transverse walls, having cavities filled with gas lighter than air, a stabilizer, engines attached to the shell, a control cabin, berthing devices, cavities filled with gas lighter than air, are located in the bow and the tail parts of the shell, and between them at least one cavity is filled, filled with air and communicating with the surrounding air through an opening at the bottom of the shell with fixed at its center by a burner. At least one air outlet valve is installed in the shell above the air-filled cavity. The inner surface of the shell covering the cavity filled with air is covered with a layer of thermal insulation.

Figure 1 and 2 depict, respectively, views of the aeronautical apparatus in front and bottom.

The aeronautical apparatus includes a rigid cigar-shaped shell 1, divided by the inner transverse partitions 2 into the nasal 3, central 4 and tail 5 parts. The tail part of the shell is equipped with a stabilizer 6 having rudders 7. The nose and tail parts have cavities of 8 and 9, respectively, filled with gas or balloons with gas lighter than air (hydrogen, helium). The central part of the shell has at least one air-filled cavity 10 communicating with the surrounding air through openings 11 located at the bottom of the shell and air exhaust valves 12 located at the top of the shell. In the center of each hole there is a burner 13 connected to the liquid or gaseous fuel supply system 14. The inner surface of the Central part of the shell is covered with a layer 15 of thermal insulation. Outside and from below, a control cabin 16 with a technical compartment, berthing devices 17, and retractable landing gears (not shown) are attached to the central part of the shell. Engines 18 (screw, turboprop, jet or other) are attached to the central part of the shell from the sides. The control cabin may have hatches (not shown) for raising or lowering loads. If hydrogen gas is used in the aeronautical apparatus, an installation (not shown) for electrode decomposition of water into hydrogen and oxygen may be located in the technical compartment of the control cabin or elsewhere.

The shell 1, partitions 2, stabilizer 6, rudders 7, cab 16 are made of light materials, such as plastics, including carbon fibers, alloys based on titanium, magnesium, aluminum. The shell can be made whole with built-in partitions or, more preferably, made parts with their subsequent assembly "butt". For this, a nose part 3 with a partition and a tail part 5 with a partition and a stabilizer are made separately. Partitions outside cover with a layer of 15 thermal insulation. The central part 4 of the shell is made with holes 11 and valves 12. The inner surface of the central part of the shell is covered with a thermal insulation layer 15. In the case of a large extent of the central part of the shell, it can be made in the form of a thin-walled cylindrical pipe shape of large diameter and divided by transverse partitions (without a layer of thermal insulation) into compartments. A control cabin, a fuel supply system 14 (pipelines, fuel tanks, control devices) are attached to the burners 13, berthing devices 17, and the chassis (wheeled, float, ski) to the bottom of the central part of the shell. Engines 18 are attached from the sides to the central part of the shell. Then, the bow and tail parts are attached to the central part of the shell. After that, the cavities 8 and 9, respectively, in the nasal and tail parts of the shell are filled with gas lighter than air.

A feature of the proposed design of the aeronautical apparatus is the condition for the approximate equality of the sum of the masses of all parts of the aeronautical apparatus, including the mass of fuel, the lifting force of the gas (hydrogen, helium) enclosed in the cavities of the nose and tail parts of the shell. Compliance with this condition allows you to keep the aeronautical apparatus on landing or other sites (in the presence of wheeled, ski chassis), on the water surface (in the presence of float chassis).

After loading the aeronautical apparatus with fuel, checking the operation of the navigation and signaling equipment, the crew frees the berth devices from the holding ground devices (not shown) from the control cabin and turns on the burner. In this case, the air heated by the burners, located in the cavity 10 of the central part of the shell, creates additional lifting force, putting the aeronautic apparatus in the mode of aeronautics. The presence of a thermal insulation layer on the inner surface of the central part of the shell reduces heat loss to the surrounding air environment, saves fuel consumption in burners. Changes in speed and direction of flight are carried out by increasing / decreasing the thrust of the engines and stabilizer rudders. Moving the aircraft up / down by increasing / decreasing the fuel supply to the burners and adjusting the position of the air release valve. To carry out the “landing” of the aeronautical apparatus, the burners are turned off, the air exhaust valves are fully opened, while hot air from the cavity of the central part of the shell is forced out by the cold air from the surrounding air.

The proposed aeronautical apparatus, combining the functions of an airship and a hot air balloon, is intended primarily for monitoring the condition of forests, swamps, mountainsides, roads, land transportation systems, including pipelines, energy facilities, and others, as well as for rescue operations and cargo transportation.

The source of information

1. Encyclopedic dictionary of a young technician. - M .: Pedagogy, 1980. - P.84-85 and 119-120.

Claims (2)

1. An aeronautical apparatus comprising a rigid cigar-shaped shell with internal transverse baffles, having cavities filled with gas lighter than air, a stabilizer, engines attached to the shell, a control cabin, berthing devices, characterized in that the shell is divided into the bow, central and tail sections, the nasal and tail cavities are filled with gas lighter than air with a lifting force equal to the sum of the masses of all parts and additional lifting force from the heated air in the central cavity Noah parts, transforming all parts in aeronautics regime. 2. The aeronautical apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the inner surface of the Central part, including the septum of the bow and tail parts, is covered with a layer of thermal insulation.

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