RU148428U1 - COMBINED APPARATUS FOR USE IN WATER AND IN AIR - Google Patents

Abstract

1. Combined aircraft, containing the fuselage with the cargo compartment, the cabin of the crew and the control cabin, the rear horizontal and vertical tail and wing above the middle part of the fuselage with engines on it, characterized in that under the fuselage and wing there is a horizontal power frame of longitudinal and transverse beams, and below it, on either side of the fuselage, are attached at least one cylindrical aerostatic load-bearing device with rounded ends having a double sectioned design a lacquer made of fabric material filled with gas under pressure, the internal volume of the device being divided into longitudinal cavities with carrier gas, and in the center of the cavity there is a heat generator for heating the air, replacing the ballast; at the same time, a vertical power frame is installed inside the load-bearing device, preventing it from creasing and transferring the load from the horizontal frame to a longitudinal truss connected to a keel of a semicylindrical shape of a sufficient volume filled with ballast in the form of a liquid substance, and also having transverse connections with the fuselage. 2. Combined aircraft according to claim 1, characterized in that a removable module of the required volume can be located above each load-bearing device. Combined aircraft according to claim 1, characterized in that a platform or deck can be arranged above the power frame, on which oversized cargoes, passenger salons are placed, and where helicopters can land. Combined aircraft according to claim 1, characterized in that masts with sailing can be installed above the fuselage and deck

Description

The proposed utility model relates to aircraft and can be used to create a line of vehicles on water and in air.

The utility model is intended for transportation of various cargoes, large-sized structures, organization of rescue operations at sea and on land, mining in shallow water, tourism, as well as for the creation of dual-purpose vehicles.

The model consists of separate modules from which it is possible to assemble devices for various purposes and carrying capacities for use over long distances and in various climatic zones.

The symbiosis of land, sea and air qualities of the device makes it possible to obtain a convenient multi-functional mode of transport.

Known aircraft (patent No. 564797 dated 02.14.1972), equipped with several tandem-spaced wings, to the ends of which there is fixed an aerostatic device common to one side of all wings, and it has a cylindrical shape and is fixed to the outer ends of the wings.

The aircraft contains containers for cargo and ballast, fixed to three tandem-located wings, on the trailing edge of which are made cutouts in the form of a semicircle for accommodating rotors. Balloons with helium are placed in aerostatic devices; on the devices there are keels and landing organs. The control cabin is attached to the front wing.

The disadvantages of this design are the presence of a large number of propulsion systems, the inability to move bulky goods with its help, difficult alignment, a limited range of applications and the inability to expand its functions.

The task that the utility model is aimed at is creating such a design that would make it possible to assemble apparatuses of various carrying capacities and purposes from separate modules. A wide range of vehicles assembled on the basis of the "designer" makes it possible to get a line of vehicles cheaper than vehicles built according to the classical scheme.

The essence of the utility model.

The aircraft contains an elongated fuselage (1) of rectangular or circular cross-section for accommodating maintenance personnel and passengers, with a control cabin (2), passenger cabins (3), with a covered walking deck (4), helipad (5), cargo compartment (6 ) with ramps under the fuselage, a wing (7) with controls and engines (8) located in the middle of the fuselage, longitudinal and transverse beams forming a horizontal power frame (9) connected to the wing and fuselage and located under them, rear horizontal plumage with elevators (10), keel (11) with rudder.

At least one cylindrical aerostatic load-carrying device (12) with rounding at the ends, made in an inflatable version, the housing of which contains a double sectioned shell of fabric material filled with a carrier gas helium or placed under the supporting frame on both sides of the fuselage air under pressure. In this case, the internal volume of the load-bearing device is divided into longitudinal sections (13) of cylindrical or rectangular shape, located around the perimeter and filled with carrier gas-helium, and in the volumetric volumes (14), heat generators are installed in the center (14) to heat the air, which eliminates the need for ballast by replacing heated air cold.

Inside the load-bearing devices, on which the horizontal power frame (9) rests, a vertical frame (15) connected to it and connected to the fuselage, supported by a longitudinal truss (16) connected to the downstream sectioned keel (17) of sufficient volume to be installed in it, is installed as ballast of water or oil.

To expand the capabilities of the aircraft, additional load-bearing devices or replaceable modules (18) can be used, with a control cabin (19) and engines (20) for the delivery of goods, including oil or gas.

The shell of the load-carrying device of a cylindrical shape can be assembled from separate longitudinal sectioned elements of a rectangular or trapezoidal section by typing them on a frame of frames and stringers and gluing together.

This technique makes it possible to obtain a durable two-layer shell of modern lightweight materials using nanotechnology. The same principle applies to the manufacture of keel blocks.

The surface below the waterline may have additional protection from modern materials.

The technical effect of the utility model lies in the features of the layout scheme using interchangeable modules, the possibility of combinations of them to obtain the desired effect during operation, while there is no need for large hangars.

The modules can also be used as sea vessels and in areas with shallow water, avoiding transshipment operations during the delivery of goods.

To expand the capabilities of aircraft:

- above each load-bearing device may be the same device to increase the lifting force of the apparatus or a replaceable module for various goods or industrial gas,

- a platform or deck for oversized cargo or helicopters may be located above the power frame

- on the deck there can be salons for passengers or victims during rescue operations,

- over the fuselage and on the deck can be mounted rotary propulsors or masts for turning the apparatus into a sailing vessel, used, for example, for tourism.

The drawings show:

FIG. 1 - general view of the apparatus in perspective and with a cut;

FIG. 2 - front view of the apparatus and with a cut;

FIG. 3 is a front view of the apparatus and with additional modules;

FIG. 4 is a top view;

FIG. 5 is a general view of the apparatus with sailing weapons.

In a static - stationary position on the ground, the weight of the apparatus to prevent crushing of the shell and volume changes is transmitted through a vertical frame (15) to a longitudinal truss (16) and a lower keel (17), in which there can be an integrated chassis (21).

When flying without cargo and in the parking lot, in order to prevent the empty aircraft from lifting off the ground, ballast is used in the form of water in keels (17) of sufficient volume, as well as atmospheric air pumping into thermal volumes (14), and earth anchors are also used for fixing.

When paired load-bearing devices are placed on the sides of the fuselage, additional rooms and cargo compartments (6) are placed between them and a deck is arranged on a horizontal frame (9) with propulsion systems mounted on pylons on the sides of the deck or on the rear edge. Oversized cargo or helicopters are placed on the deck, turning the aircraft into a helicopter carrier.

To increase the load capacity, additional load-bearing devices or replaceable modules (18) with a control cabin (19) in the front part of the keel and side engines (20) capable of moving independently and mooring to the deck can be placed above the load-bearing devices.

When operating aircraft of two or more load-bearing devices, it is possible to replace each of them with the output from under a horizontal frame for repair and maintenance.

Above the central load-bearing devices, a single module of large capacity with two parallel keels for transporting industrial gas can also be placed on top.

Turns on the course are carried out by rudders on the keel or by engines, including turns on the spot.

The load-carrying devices may have a tubular frame of frames and stringers filled with carrier gas-helium under pressure to neutralize its weight. With small volumes of load-bearing devices and when using them for marine vehicles, the usual scheme without heating the air is used.

The use of typesetting shell of longitudinal elements of increased strength makes it possible to increase the survivability of the ship.

Given the use of nanotechnology in the production of materials, we obtain high-tech, lightweight and durable products (aircraft and ships).

Claims (7)

1. Combined aircraft, containing the fuselage with the cargo compartment, the cabin of the crew and the control cabin, the rear horizontal and vertical tail and wing above the middle part of the fuselage with engines on it, characterized in that under the fuselage and wing there is a horizontal power frame of longitudinal and transverse beams, and below it, on either side of the fuselage, are attached at least one cylindrical aerostatic load-bearing device with rounded ends having a double sectioned design a lacquer made of fabric material filled with gas under pressure, the internal volume of the device being divided into longitudinal cavities with carrier gas, and in the center of the cavity there is a heat generator for heating the air, replacing the ballast; at the same time, a vertical power frame is installed inside the load-bearing device, preventing it from creasing and transferring the load from the horizontal frame to a longitudinal truss connected to a keel of a semicylindrical shape of a sufficient volume filled with ballast in the form of a liquid substance, and also having transverse connections with the fuselage. 2. A combination aircraft according to claim 1, characterized in that a removable module of the required volume can be located above each load-bearing device. 3. Combined aircraft according to claim 1, characterized in that a platform or deck can be arranged above the power frame, on which oversized cargoes, passenger salons are placed, and where helicopters can land. 4. Combined aircraft according to claim 1, characterized in that masts with sailing weapons or rotary movers of a cylindrical shape can be installed above the fuselage and deck. 5. Aircraft combined apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the load-bearing devices may have a tubular frame of frames and stringers, filled with carrier gas under pressure to neutralize its weight. 6. Aircraft combined apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the load-carrying devices can have a rigid shell in the marine version, consisting of longitudinal sectioned elements of a rectangular or trapezoidal section and the required size, interconnected on an adhesive basis. 7. Aircraft combined apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the keel of the load-carrying device can be equipped with a multi-bearing landing gear.

Images