RU2444883C1 - Ridger-seeder - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: ridger-seeder comprises ridge formers mounted on the frame, seeding apparatus, packer wheels. The guiding brackets are mounted on the frame of the ridger-seeder. The ridge formers contain an arched foot, a rack, a bracket with adjusting plate, an L-shaped bracket with the semiaxis and pushing down disk. The L-shaped bracket is mounted on the adjusting plate. The pushing down disk is installed on the semiaxis with an ability of rotation about its axis and changing the angle of attack. The ridge formers are mounted on the frame guiding brackets of the ridger-seeder chequerwise in two rows with an ability of movement of ridge formers in the horizontal plane to different sides of the sown seeds line and fixing in the required position.

EFFECT: invention will improve the quality of planting of row crops and formation of ridges of soil over the sown seeds.

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Description

The invention relates to agricultural machinery, in particular to seeders for ridge sowing of row crops.

Known ridge seeder [1], including ridge formers mounted on the frame, sowing devices in the form of hollow drums with plunger ejectors of seeds installed inside them, rolling rollers and disk earthing. The sowing units are located inside the packer rollers. The packer rollers have an elastic outer rim, and plunger ejectors of seeds are connected to the elastic outer rim.

However, the known device has several disadvantages, which include:

- unsatisfactory quality of sowing of row crops;

- low quality of the formed ridges of the soil.

The purpose of the invention is to improve the quality of sowing and the formation of ridges of soil over sown seeds.

This goal is achieved by the fact that on the frame of the ridge seeder mounted guide brackets. The ridge formers contain a lancet paw, a stand, an arm with an adjustment plate, an L-shaped arm with a half shaft, and a pivoting disc. The L-shaped bracket is mounted on the adjustment plate. The tumbling disk is mounted on the semi-axis with the possibility of rotation around its axis and changing the angle of attack, and the comb generators are mounted on the guide brackets of the ridge seeder frame in a checkerboard pattern in two rows with the ability to move the comb generators in a horizontal plane in different directions from the line of sown seeds and fixation in the required position .

Figure 1 shows a ridge seeder, side view, figure 2 is the same, a top view, figure 3 is a comb tool, a top view, figure 4 is a section of the comb tool along line AA, figure 5 - fastening of the comb forger on the guide bracket, top view, Fig.6 is a cross-section of the fastening of the comb forger on the guide bracket along the line BB.

The ridge seeder contains a frame 1, sowing units 2 and packer rollers 3. On the frame 1 of the ridge seeder, guide brackets 4 are mounted with holder 5 and locking bolts 6. Comb guides 7 are mounted on guide brackets 4 in holders 5.

The ridge formers 7 comprise a lancet paw 8, a stand 9, an arm 10 with an adjustment plate 11, an L-shaped bracket 12 with a half shaft 13 and a mounting disk 14. Holes 15 are made on the adjustment plate 11. The L-shaped bracket 12 is mounted on the adjustment plate 11 and fixed by means of bolts 16 and 17 with nuts 18 inserted into the holes 15. A cylindrical housing 19 with a bearing 20 is fixed to the attachment disk 14. The attachment disk 14, through the bearing 20, is mounted on the axle shaft 13 with the possibility of rotation around its axis and angle of attack. The required angle of attack of the flail disk 14 is set by rotation of the L-shaped bracket 12 together with the axle shaft 13 and the flap disk 14 around the bolt 16 and fixed in the required position by a bolt 17 inserted into the holes 15. The flail disks 14 of each pair of comb-formers 7 are mounted symmetrically with respect to the line of sown seeds at the same acute angle, the solution of which is directed along the direction of the ridge seeder.

The ridge formers 7 are mounted on the guide brackets 4 of the ridge seeder frame in a staggered pattern in two rows with the ability to move the ridge formers 7, using the holders 5, in a horizontal plane in different directions from the line of sown seeds and fixation in the required position by the locking bolts 6 screwed into the holder 5.

The packer rollers 3 on the frame 1 of the seed drill seeder are fixed by means of brackets 18 and are located behind the comb generators 7. The packer rollers 3 contain a frame 19, spherical discs 20, packer rings 21. Spherical discs 20 and packer rings 21 are mounted on the axis 22 with the possibility of rotation. The press rollers 3 also comprise a rod 23 with a spring 24. By means of the spring 24, the pressure of the press roller 3 on the soil is adjusted. The longitudinal axis of symmetry of the packer rollers 3 coincide with the line of sown seeds.

The sowing apparatus 2 is connected by the vas deferens 25 with the opener legs 26 mounted on the frame 1.

The ridge seeder operates as follows. Previously, using the sowing apparatus 2, set the required seed rate. Set the required seed placement depth using the opener paws 26, as well as the depth of travel of the combing agents 7 and the angle of attack of the tacking discs 14. To adjust the depth of the tacking disc 14 in the soil relative to the lancet paw 8, the bracket 10 is moved together with the adjustment plate 11, G- with a shaped bracket 12 and a tacking disk 14 on the rack 9 of the combing machine 7. Depending on the type of cultivated row crop (beans, soy, sunflower, corn, etc.), the necessary distance between the comb ovatelyami 7 (on line sown seed) soil to form hillocks on seeded with seeds of the desired width. To do this, the holders 5 are moved together with the ridge formers 7 along the guide brackets 4 in different directions from the line of sowed seeds and fixed in the required position by the locking bolts 6 screwed into the holder 5. For example, for beans and soybeans they form a comb of soil of a smaller width, for sunflower, corn - greater width. By compressing the spring 24, the necessary pressure of the packer roller 3 is established on the tubercle of the soil.

With the movement of the sowing unit, the opener legs 26 and lancet legs 8 loosen the soil, cut weed plants. Sowing devices 2 through the seed tubes 25 direct the seeds to the opener legs 26, which lay the seeds at the required depth in the moist soil layer. Coming ridge formers 7 with tacking discs 14, installed at the required distance from each other of the sown seed line, sprinkle the seeds with a loose and heated layer of soil, shifted from the row-spacing, thereby forming a tubercle of soil above the sown seeds of the required size, depending on the type of sown crop . Following the rolling rollers 3 compact the formed soil tubercle. Spherical disks 20 mounted on the convex side to the axis of symmetry of the packer roller 3 for more uniform soil compaction, together with the packer rings 21 and due to the pressure of the spring 24, form a ridge of soil, compacting it on three sides. In this case, the packing rings 21 compact the top of the soil tubercle, and the spherical disks 20 - the sides of the soil tubercle and finally form the soil ridge of the required density.

The implementation of the ridge formers 7 in the form of lancet paws 8 with tipping disks 14 mounted on the frame of the ridge seeder in the guide brackets 4 in a checkerboard pattern in two rows, with the ability to move the ridge formers 7 in a horizontal plane from the line of sown seeds, and the installation of the tacking discs 14 of each pair of ridge formers 7 symmetrically with respect to the line of sown seeds at the same acute angle, the solution of which is directed along the direction of the ridge seeder, allow sowing of seeds in a moist layer of soil s in the sealed box, with simultaneous formation of tubercles seeded soil over the seeds. This improves the quality of sowing and improves the temperature, water and air conditions for the development of plants.

The presence of press rollers 3 located behind the formers 4 with the possibility of regulating the pressure on the soil, containing a frame 19, spherical disks 20, press rings 21, an axis 22, a rod 23 with a spring 24, improves the quality of formation of soil ridges above the sowed seeds, since it is formed above the sown seeds Seed ridge formers 7 the tubercle of the soil is compacted by rolling rollers 3 on three sides with the necessary pressure. This helps maintain the shape of the finally formed soil ridges throughout the growing season. The location of the packer rollers 3 along the line of sown seeds allows you to form ridges above the sown seeds, while the seeds lie exactly at a given depth and simultaneously germinate.

Information sources

1. Ridge seeder. Patent RU No. 2334385. - Publ. September 27, 2008, Byul. Number 27.

Claims (1)

A ridge seeder, including ridge formers mounted on the frame, sowing machines, rolling rollers, characterized in that guide brackets are mounted on the ridge seeder frame, ridge formers contain a pointed arm, a stand, an arm with an adjustment plate, an L-shaped bracket with a half shaft and a tumble disk, moreover The L-shaped bracket is mounted on the adjustment plate, the tipping disk is mounted on the axle shaft with the possibility of rotation around its axis and changing the angle of attack, and ridge formers getting on the rails of the frame raised bed planter in a staggered manner in two rows of movable grebneobrazovateley in the horizontal plane at different sides of the sown seeds and fixing in the desired position.

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