RU2450498C1 - Section of seeder-cultivator - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to agricultural machinery, in particular, to devices for sowing row crops. Section of a seeder-cultivator comprises a suspension, a beam, a gage wheel, holders and an opener. The opener contains a center hoe and a sowing chute. On the beam behind the opener on its lateral sides side brackets are mounted at equal distance from the line of sown seeds. On the side brackets symmetrically with respect to the beam the ridge formers are mounted with an ability of their movement in the horizontal plane at different sides from the line of the sown seeds and fixing in the required position. The ridge formers contain a center hoe, a rack, a bracket with an adjusting plate, an L-shaped bracket with a cavity and a dumping drive made flat. The L-shaped bracket is mounted on the adjusting plate. The dumping drive is mounted on a half-shaft below the edge of the center hoes wings. The lower point of the dumping drives of ridge formers are in the same horizontal plane and located below the edges of the center hoes wings of the opener. The dumping drives of ridge formers are mounted with an ability to adjust the angle of attack symmetrically towards the line of seeds sown at an acute angle to it, and the solution of this angle is directed in the direction of the section movement.

EFFECT: design of the section of a seeder-cultivator enables to increase the quality of planting of row crops and formation of soil ridges above the seeds sown.

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Description

The invention relates to agricultural machinery, in particular to devices for sowing row crops.

A known section of the seeder-cultivator [1], including the suspension, ridges, the copy wheel, the mechanism for adjusting the copy wheels, holders and working bodies - openers or hollow legs. The copying wheel is mounted on the bed with the possibility of rearrangement along the length of the bed. The section is additionally equipped with paired support wheels with a mechanism for adjusting their position.

However, the known device has a disadvantage, which can be attributed to the unsatisfactory quality of sowing row crops.

The purpose of the invention is improving the quality of sowing.

This goal is achieved by the fact that the coulter contains a lancet paw and a sowing funnel. On the ridge behind the coulter, on both its sides at an equal distance from the line of sown seeds, lateral brackets are installed. On the side arms symmetrically relative to the ridge, ridge formers are installed with the ability to move them in a horizontal plane in different directions from the line of sown seeds and fixation in the required position. The ridge formers contain a lancet paw, a stand, an arm with an adjustment plate, an L-shaped arm with a half shaft, and a flat disk that fits on. The L-shaped bracket is mounted on the adjustment plate. The tumbling disk is mounted on the axle shaft. The lower edges of the wings of the lancet paws and the lower points of the flailing discs of the comb formers are in the same horizontal plane and are located below the edges of the wings of the lancet paw of the opener. The tumbling discs of the combing machines are mounted with the possibility of adjusting the angle of attack symmetrically with respect to the line of sown seeds at an acute angle to it, and the solution of this angle is directed in the direction of movement of the section.

Figure 1 shows a section of a seeder-cultivator, side view, figure 2 is the same, a top view, figure 3 is a comb former, top view, figure 4 is a cross section of a comb former along line AA, in FIG. 5 - section of the holder along the line BB.

The seeder-cultivator section contains a suspension 1, ridges 2, a copy wheel 3, holders 4 and 5 and an opener 6. The opener 6 is mounted in the holder 4. The opener 6 contains a lancet foot 7 and a seed funnel 8. On the bed 2 behind the opener 6, both lateral brackets 9 are mounted on its lateral sides at an equal distance from the line of sowed seeds. Holders 5 are mounted on side brackets 9. Comb formers 10 are mounted symmetrically with respect to ridge 2 on side brackets 5 with their horizontal movement in different sides of the line of sown seeds and fixing in the required position with bolts 11, screwed into the threaded holes of the holders 5.

The ridge formers 10 comprise a lancet paw 12, a stand 13, an arm 14 with an adjusting plate 15, an L-shaped bracket 15 with a half shaft 17 and a flush disk 18 made flat. The holes 19 are made on the adjusting plate 15. The L-shaped bracket 16 is mounted on the adjusting plate 15 and is fixed by means of bolts 20 and 21 with nuts 22 inserted into the holes 19. A cylindrical housing 23 with a bearing 24 is fixed to the attachment disk 18. The attachment disk 18 is fixed to the axle shaft 17 through the bearing 24 17. The attachment disks 18 are gray beneobrazovateli 10 installed with the ability to control the angle of attack symmetrically with respect to the line of sown seeds at an acute angle to it. The solution of this angle is directed towards the movement of the section of the seeder-cultivator. The required angle of attack of the flailing disk 18 is set by rotating the L-shaped bracket 16 together with the axle shaft 17 and the flailing disk 18 around the bolt 20 and fixed in the required position by a bolt 21 inserted into the holes 19.

The lower edges of the wings of the lancet paws 12 and the lower points of the flailing discs 18 of the comb 10 are in the same horizontal plane and are located below the edges of the wings of the lancet paw 7 of the opener 6.

Behind the ridge formers 10, a packer roller 25 is mounted in the holder 4. The packer roller 25 comprises a frame 26, spherical discs 27, packer rings 28. Spherical discs 27 and packer rings 28 are mounted on the axis 29 for rotation. The packer roller 25 also includes a rod 30 with a spring 31. By means of the spring 31, the pressure of the packer 25 on the soil is regulated. The longitudinal axis of symmetry of the packer roller 25 coincides with the line of sown seeds.

Section seeder-cultivator operates as follows.

Previously, the section is hung on the frame of the seeder-cultivator. The depth of motion of the coulters 6 and comb 10 is set so that the lower edges of the wings of the lancet paws 12 and the lower points of the rolling discs 18 of the comb 10 are in the same horizontal plane (at the same level), and with respect to the edges of the wings of the lancet paw 7 of the coulter 6 are lower . Set the required angle of attack of the tumbling disks 18. By compressing the spring 31, the necessary pressure of the press roller 25 is set on the soil.

During the movement of the seeder-cultivator lancet paws 7 and lancet paws 12 loosen the soil, weed cut. Seeds enter the sowing funnel 8 of the coulter 6 and are placed at the required depth in the moist soil layer on the compacted bed. Combs 10 behind the coulter 6 with tapping discs 18 mounted on both sides of the coulter 6 at an equal distance from the row 2, sprinkle the seeds with a loose and warmed layer of soil, shifted from the row-spacing, thereby forming a tubercle of the soil above the sown seeds of the required size, depending from the type of seeded culture. Following the rolling rollers 25 compact the formed soil tubercle. Moreover, the spherical disks 27 mounted on the convex side to the axis of symmetry of the packer roller 25 for more uniform soil compaction, together with the packer rings 28 and due to the pressure of the spring 31, seal it on three sides. In this case, the packing rings 28 compact the top of the soil tubercle, and the spherical disks 27 lateral sides of the soil tubercle and finally form the soil ridge of the required density.

The implementation of the opener in the form of a lancet paw with a sowing funnel allows you to sow the seeds to the required depth on the compacted bed.

The implementation of ridge formers in the form of lancet paws with tipping disks, with the possibility of adjusting the angle of attack of the tacking discs, as well as the installation of ridge formers with the ability to move in a horizontal plane in different directions from the line of sown seeds, allows you to form a tubercle of soil over sown seeds of the required size. This improves the quality of sowing and improves the temperature, water and air conditions for the development of plants.

The presence of packer rollers located behind the formers with the possibility of regulating the pressure on the soil increases the quality of compaction of the ridges of the soil over the sown seeds from three sides with the necessary pressure. This helps maintain the shape of the finally formed soil ridges throughout the growing season. The location of the packer rollers along the line of sown seeds allows you to form ridges above the sown seeds, while the seeds lie exactly at a given depth and simultaneously germinate.

Information sources

1. Section of the seeder-cultivator. Patent RU No. 2268561 - Publ. January 27, 2006, Bull. Number 3.

Claims (1)

Section of a seeder-cultivator, including a suspension bracket, ridges, copying wheel, holders and a coulter, characterized in that the coulter contains a lancet foot and a sowing funnel, side brackets are installed on the bed behind the coulter on both sides of it at an equal distance from the line of sown seeds, on ridge formers with the ability to move them in a horizontal plane in different directions from the line of sown seeds and fixation in the required position, ridge The readers contain a pointed arm, a stand, an arm with an adjusting plate, an L-shaped bracket with a half shaft and a flush disk made flat, a L-shaped bracket is mounted on an adjusting plate, a tapping disk is mounted on the half axes, the lower edges of the wings of the pointed legs and the lower points of the tacking discs of crest formers are located in the same horizontal plane and are located below the edges of the wings of the lancet paw of the opener, and the flailing discs mounted on them are mounted with the possibility of adjustment Hovhan attack angle symmetrically relative to the line of seeds sown at an acute angle thereto, and this angle is directed towards the solution of the motion section.

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