RU2443097C2 - Stripping device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to agricultural machine building and may be used in machines to harvest various standing crops by stripping. The device comprises a following platform with an auger and a spacer. The following platform comprises a jacket, stripping drums and a mechanism to vary height of the platform relative to the field surface. The mechanism is made in the form of a crosspiece installed hingedly at the bottom of the platform with levers rigidly fixed at its ends and in the middle part accordingly for hinged connection of drive hydraulic cylinders and support elements in the form of skis. The crosspiece of the specified mechanism is equipped in areas between places where levers are fixed on them with torsions.

EFFECT: due to the mechanism to vary height of the platform it becomes possible to efficiently harvest various standing crops and to ensure smooth travel of the platform on fields with uneven relief.

3 cl, 6 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agricultural machinery, in particular to a device for harvesting by harvesting various crops in the vine.

A cleaning device / 1 / is known that comprises a platform with a screw, a casing, cleaning drums and an inclined chamber connected to the platform mounted on a combine harvester.

The device carries out harvesting crops with a tow on the vine.

The main disadvantages of the device are that the platform does not copy the topography of the field surface and is constantly above the latter, and the adjustment or setting of the necessary height for combing the stalks of crops is carried out by the hydraulic system of the combine harvester by raising and lowering the console mounted inclined camera with the platform. Such aggregation of a device with a combine harvester leads to crop losses in fields with uneven surface topography, and also reduces the reliability of the hydraulic system of the combine harvester.

Known combing device / 2, 3 /, containing a copy platform with a screw, a casing, combing drums, copy shoes and a transverse copy mechanism, which is kinematically connected with the spacer of the inclined chamber of the combine harvester.

The device provides the ability to harvest crops by towing on the vine with copying the surface of the field with platform shoes.

The main disadvantage of the device is that copying the relief of the field surface and the stand of harvested crops is carried out using shoes only when harvesting a short or normal stand, and in the case of high stand, by lifting the platform using an inclined chamber of the combine harvester and manually changing the height of the shoes with stopping the combine, as a result, the same disadvantages are noted as during the operation of the first analogue / 1 /.

Known stripping device / 4 /, containing a copying platform with a screw, a casing, stripping drums, a mechanism for changing the height of the platform relative to the field surface in the form of a pair of levers pivotally attached to one of them with a hydraulic drive cylinder pivotally mounted on the platform, and to the second - supporting element on both sides of the platform, indicators of the angle of “attack” and the height of the platform relative to the field surface, and a spacer kinematically associated with the specified platform and the inclined chamber of the grain harvesting Bajina mechanisms of transverse and longitudinal copying the surface of the field.

The device allows you to harvest crops by towing on the vine with copying the relief of the field surface and with different heights of crops.

By the combination of essential features, this device is closest to the proposed technical solution and is taken as a prototype.

The main disadvantages of the device are its low performance, namely:

- in uneven and non-synchronous movement of the sides of the platform in the vertical direction when changing the height of brushing of the plant stands during movement of the unit due to the non-synchronous angular movement of the levers of the mechanism;

- in the rigid transfer of the load in the hydraulic lines of the hydraulic cylinders of the drive of the mechanism when the support elements collide with obstacles to the field surface;

- in limiting the production of harvesting work on soils with weak bearing capacity due to the execution of the supporting elements in the form of rollers.

The present invention solves the problem of significantly increasing the efficiency of the stripping device when performing harvesting operations in fields with different grain stands and surface topography by ensuring uniform and synchronous movement of the sides of the copying platform in the vertical direction when changing the height of stripping of the growing stands, as well as by ensuring the platform's smooth running copying the relief of the field surface of the harvested crop, which ultimately will increase the operational Performance of the stripper device.

To achieve the task, the levers of the platform height variation mechanism are rigidly interconnected by a cross member pivotally mounted on the platform, while the drive hydraulic cylinders levers are rigidly fixed at the ends of the cross bar, and the support elements attachment levers are rigidly fixed in the middle part of the cross bar, except for the latter in the areas between places of fastening on it of levers for connecting the hydraulic cylinders of the drive and supporting elements are equipped with torsion bars; supporting elements are made in the form of skis; the cross member is made in the form of a pipe.

The set of distinctive features implemented in the proposed technical solution, contributes to the manifestation of new properties of the stripping device, which are:

- stabilization of the process of harvesting crops by combing by improving the operations of changing the height of combing plants with different grain growth and increasing the smoothness of the platform device;

- expanding the scope of the device for harvesting in fields with soils of different bearing capacity.

The proposed technical solution can be implemented in the design of a stripping device for harvesting crops.

The invention is illustrated by the following drawings:

figure 1 shows a stripping device when harvesting stunted stands, side view on the left;

figure 2 - the same when harvesting tall stands of plants;

figure 3 shows the mechanism for changing the height of the platform relative to the surface of the field, top view;

figure 4 - the same when harvesting tall stands of plants with copying the topography of the field, rear view;

figure 5 shows a view aa of figure 4;

figure 6 shows a view of BB figure 4.

The cleaning device consists of a copying platform 1 (see FIGS. 1, 2) with a screw 2, a casing 3, stripping drums 4 and a mechanism for their mutual movement 5 and a spacer 6 placed on it. The spacer 6 is kinematically connected with the front part to the platform 1 by means of a mechanism transverse copying 7 field surface. The back of the spacer 6 is kinematically connected with the inclined chamber 8 of the combine harvester 9 with the possibility of longitudinal copying by the platform 1 of the field surface. The movement of the inclined chamber 8 in the vertical direction is carried out by the hydraulic cylinders 10 of the hitch of the combine 9.

The platform 1 is equipped with a mechanism 11 for changing its height relative to the field surface. The mechanism 11 consists of a cross member 12 pivotally mounted from below on a platform 1 (shown by dashed lines) with levers 13 and 14 rigidly fixed on it at the ends and in the middle part (see Figs. 3-6).

The cross member 12 in the areas between the fastening points of the levers 13 and 14 and between the levers 14 is equipped with torsion bars 15.

The hydraulic cylinders of the drive 16 are pivotally connected to the levers 13, which are pivotally mounted on the platform 1. On the levers 14, support elements in the form of skis 17 are pivotally connected.

On the casing 3 of the platform 1, indicators 18 for changing the angle of attack and the height of the platform 1 relative to the field surface are installed.

The cleaning device operates as follows.

The cleaning device in the aggregate with the combine harvester 9 carries out harvesting with a tow of both undersized (Fig. 1) and tall stands (Fig. 2) of plants.

To harvest undersized horticulture of plants before the unit enters the pen, the required height of the platform 1 relative to the field surface is set. To do this, using the hydraulic cylinders 10, the weights of the combine 9 lower the platform 1 down to the contact of its skis 17 of the mechanism 11 with the surface of the field. Then, the handle of the hydraulic distributor of the hydraulic cylinders 10 is put into a floating position and, using the hydraulic cylinders 16 of the mechanism 11, the necessary height for brushing the harvested stands is set by lowering or lifting (moving in the vertical direction) of the platform 1. In this case, the skis 17 are located on the surface of the field, and the platform 1 rises or is lowered by mechanism 11. After setting the required stripping height, the drive of the working elements of the stripping device (drums 4 and auger 2) is turned on, spacers 6 and the inclined chamber 8 and carry out the movement of the unit and harvesting the horticulture of plants.

Adjustment or adjustment of the stripping device to a different stripping height of the platform 1 when changing the height of the stand in this field or when moving the unit to another field is carried out in a similar way. Why, through the mechanism 11 (see figure 2) change the height of the platform 1 relative to the surface of the field. Monitoring changes in the height of the lifting platform 1 and the angle of attack of the drums 4 is carried out using pointers 18 on the casing 3 of the platform 1.

When the unit moves, the platform 1 by means of skis 17 of the mechanism 11 copies the surface of the field. In the case of a collision of one of the skis 17 on an obstacle (see Figs. 4-6), the latter moves along the relief of the obstacle. In this case, the ski 17 due to the presence of the cross member 12, the torsion 15 makes an angular movement on the levers 14 relative to the hinged fastening of the cross member 12 to the platform 1, which retains its original position (until the ski 17 meets the field relief). After passing the obstacle, ski 17 returns. Thus, the presence of torsion 15 in the design of the cross member 12 can significantly smooth out the vertical displacements of the platform 1 when moving along the uneven relief of the field surface. In addition, also significantly smoothes the load on the working fluid in the hydraulic lines of the hydraulic cylinders of the drive 18.

The application of the proposed technical solution provides the possibility of synchronous and uniform change in the height of carving on different stands of harvested plants, as well as reducing the oscillation of the platform of the combing device in fields with uneven terrain, which ultimately will improve the operational characteristics of the device, the convenience of staff.

The proposed device does not adversely affect the environment.

Information sources

1. Attachments combining grain-cleaning OZON-4. Operation manual OZON-4 RE. - Penza: OJSC Penzmash, 2004. - 17 p.

2. Loginov L.N. Combine harvesters for two-phase threshing: a textbook for students of higher educational institutions in agricultural engineering / L.N. Loginov, T.F. Sery, N.I. Kosilov, V.P. Gavrilov. - M .: Information-analytical and consulting center, 1999. - P.27-29.

3. RU C1 2340154, A01D 41/08. Cleaning device / Buryanov A.I., Kolesnikov G.E., Aleksandrov E.A., Buryanov M.A., Bondar V.V. (GNU "VNIPTIMESKH") - No. 2007119063/12; Claim 05/22/2007 // Inventions (Applications and patents). - 2008. - No. 34.

4. RU C1 2363138, A01D 41/16, A01D 41/08. A device for hanging stripping reapers on a combine / A.I. Buryanov, G.E. Kolesnikov, E.A. Aleksandrov, M.A. Buryanov. (State Scientific Institution GNU VNIPTIMESKH) - No.2008120437 / 12; Claim 05/22/08. // Inventions and patent. - 2009. - No. 22.

Claims (3)

1. A cleaning device comprising a copying platform with a screw, a casing, stripping drums, a mechanism for changing the height of the platform relative to the field surface, indicators for changing the angle of attack and the height of the platform relative to the field surface, and a spacer kinematically connected to the said platform and the inclined chamber of the combine harvester with mechanisms transverse and longitudinal copying of the surface of the field, characterized in that the levers of the mechanism for changing the height of the platform are rigidly interconnected by a cross member, arnirno mounted on the platform, the levers hydraulic cylinders drive connection are rigidly fixed to the ends of the cross member, and levers joining the supporting elements are rigidly fastened in the middle of the cross member, in addition, the latter in areas between the places fixing thereon the levers hydraulic cylinders drive connection and supporting elements equipped with torsion. 2. The cleaning device according to claim 1, characterized in that the supporting elements are made in the form of skis. 3. The cleaning device according to claim 1, characterized in that the cross member is made in the form of a pipe.

Images