RU2442870C1 - Device for two-level or multi-level car parking - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: the invention relates to devices for car parking. The device for two-level or multi-level car parking comprises two parallel closed conveyor circuits, connected with carrying surfaces and rolls which contact with the guides of the support structure, an electric drive. The device is special because each conveyor is made of rigid segments, where the amount of segments equals to the amount of carrying surfaces, the segments are jointing the surfaces through the axes positioned in the longitudinal symmetry plane, whereas the supporting wheels are positioned on the said axes on the exterior of these conveyors. Furthermore, there is an additional conveyor positioned on one of the sides and shifted horizontally through the cranked axles which have their length equal to the half of the surface width. The carrying surfaces are installed into the horizontal guides curved at both ends, the height of the curves is at least equal to the radius of the supporting wheels. The force transmission from the drive is carried out simultaneously to upper and lower parts of the three conveyors through teeth installed with a calculated gap between them.

EFFECT: reduced metal consumption of the parking, increased reliability, facilitated production.

3 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to road transport, and in particular to methods and devices for parking cars. The problem of car parking is becoming more urgent every year, despite the existing variety of proposed technical solutions. This indicates that parking problems are far from complete due to the complexity and high cost, both in the manufacture of parking lots and in the process of their operation. There are small, medium and large groups of cars for parking. The bulk are the first two groups. Where, in particular, are individual cars that are stored in the courtyards of residential areas, on small sites of enterprises and various organizations. In the light of the foregoing, it is not difficult to formulate requirements for a car park of this type:

1. Mobility (installed in a designated place without land acquisition and preliminary construction work).

2. Ease of use (high reliability of the device allows you to enter self-service).

3. Affordable price of a car seat (ensured by the low cost of the device resulting from the simplicity of manufacture).

4. The speed of parking and de-parking.

To fulfill these requirements, it is necessary in the technical solution to find the possibility of reliable performance of the installation, taking into account a rational ratio between its transverse dimensions and height, depending on the deficit of the user's land and architectural approvals.

Known methods of parking cars:

1. Traditional.

2. Multi-storey.

3. The drum.

4. Two-level (DPA).

5. Conveyor view with horizontal-vertical movement, for example, boxes.

6. Elevator type with the connection of the boxes with flexible elements, usually chains.

By technical nature, the claimed method and device is closer to the parking of the conveyor type and elevator type.

A known method and device for parking and storing cars (RF patent 2173754, class E04H 6 / 14.1998), which is carried out by stepwise moving boxes horizontally and vertically inside the device, using boxes as links in the kinematic chain and various mechanisms of drive and rearrangement.

A disadvantage of the known method of parking and storing cars during step-by-step movement is a significant increase in the vehicle feed time and the inertia problems of the kinematic system at each step of movement.

The disadvantage of this device is the presence of various mechanisms, such as vertical movement, rearrangement of the upper rows with the manipulator, and the lower ones with the pusher, which reduce the reliability.

Leaning the boxes against each other requires an increase in the strength of the supporting elements of the box, and hence metal consumption. In addition, the boxes are located in the housing. All this leads to a significant increase in the cost of production of this device.

The closest technical solution to the claimed one is a mechanized garage warehouse (RF patent No. 2351724, class E04H 6/14, 2007), which relates to an elevator parking method, and the device contains a support structure, paired chain conveyors, each of which forms a closed a chain circuit with a drive through the drive and tension sprockets, load-carrying cradles attached to the chain on the levers in a special way, rollers connected with the chain, engaged with guides located along the chain circuit.

A disadvantage of the known mechanized garage-warehouse is the increased dynamics of work when the cradle moves from a straight section to a curved section (asterisk), a push occurs in its upper and lower parts.

The main disadvantage of the device is the presence of long chains, which constantly experience heavy loads, causing their deformation over time and, as a result, reducing the reliability of a mechanized garage warehouse. Continuous chain monitoring is required. The fastening of the cradles to the chain is complex and metal-intensive, which in total leads to an increase in the cost of manufacturing the device.

The present invention eliminates these disadvantages, which ultimately makes it possible to reliable performance of the parking lot, reducing the metal consumption of the device and the simplicity of its manufacture.

To achieve the specified technical result in a two-level and multi-level car parking method, including placing cars on individual pallets filling a parking lot, and moving inside it, in which the pallets perform smooth continuous movement along a closed path, which includes sections of a curved path, which is a geometric place points of movement of each pallet relative to the movement at the same time of its adjacent pallets in rectilinear parallel sections vlyayuschih support structure.

The problem is solved in a two-level car parking device, in which each conveyor is made of hard links equal in number of pallets that pivotally connect the pallets through axes located at the ends in the longitudinal plane of symmetry, and the support wheels are installed on the outside of the conveyors In addition, there is an additional similar conveyor, shifted in the horizontal direction, through the cranks of the axes, the length of which does not exceed half the width of the pallet, located with one of one ron, and in accordance with the spacing of the support wheels, the pallets are installed in horizontal guides having curved ends at the ends equal in height to at least the radius of the support wheels, and the transmission of force from the drive is synchronized to the upper and lower sections of the three conveyors through chain transmissions to the link teeth set with a calculated step.

It is possible to implement a device in which the lower part of the pallet is smaller in size than the upper.

It is possible to implement a device in the form of multi-level car parking, in which the pallets are installed in vertical rails with curved sections at the top and bottom, and in the lower part the support wheels have internal contact with the guides, and in all other sections it is external, and the transmission of force from the drive is to gear rails mounted on the links.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where:

Figure 1 - device two-level parking cars (side view);

Figure 2 - pallet with links;

Figure 3 - device multi-level car parking (front view);

Figure 4 is a graphical diagram of the movement of pallets.

The two-level car parking device consists of a predetermined number of freight pallets 1 (Fig. 1), each of which has axles 2 at the ends located in the longitudinal plane of symmetry, through which rigid links 3 are formed, forming two closed contours of conveyors, on the outside of which axes 2 are mounted supporting wheels 4 (figure 2) and from one end of the pallets 1 horizontal cranks 5 axles 2 in length, not exceeding half the width of the pallet 1, in order to comply with the dimensions of the device. To the axles 6 are attached rigid links 7 with support wheels 8, forming an additional similar conveyor 9.

The diameter of the support wheels 8 and the width of the links 7 may be less, respectively, of the diameter of the support wheels 4 and the width of the links 3.

The pallets 1, in accordance with the spacing of the support wheels 4 and 8, are installed in the horizontal guides 10 of the support structure 11, having curved ends 12 at their ends equal in height to at least the radius of the support wheels 4 and 8, and their bending line is identical to the trajectory of the pallets 1 on the rise and descent set forth in a two-level and multi-level car parking method.

Links 3 and 7 of the conveyors have several teeth 13 on the upper surface (in the internal device) at an estimated distance from each other for engagement with the chain 14 on the upper and lower sections of the three conveyors. The drive system also includes a gear 15, envelope wheels 16 and idler rollers 17.

In areas of the straight-line arrangement of links 3 and 7, there remains a free upper space in which the electric drive is located. Structurally, the entire drive system is a separate module, which, when assembling the device, joins the supporting structure 11, which consists of two all-metal frames (side walls), on one of which, where one conveyor is located, there is an opening for cars to enter and exit, the so-called parking and de-parking zone 18 (figure 4). When assembling the device, the frames are connected by transverse beams, thus forming a frame in which pallets 1 are placed and a drive module with its placement zone 19. An external guard, for example, from corrugated board, is installed on the frame 11.

With a group arrangement of two-level parking devices, for example, in two rows, pallets 1 can have roll-out platforms with automatic parking and car removal from the end of the devices.

The multi-level car parking device consists of a predetermined number of pallets 1 and three conveyors of the aforementioned design, but which are installed in vertical rails 21 with curved sections at the top 22 and bottom 23 and fixed to the supporting structure 24. The dashed line shows the guides for the supporting wheels 8 of the additional conveyor 9. In the lower part, the support wheels 4 and 8 of all conveyors have internal contact with the guides 23, and in all other sections, external.

The links 3 of the conveyors have gear racks 24 (shown on one link 3) on the upper surface (in the outer device) for engagement with the gears 25 of the drive. Pallets 1 are provided with withdrawable transverse platforms (not shown).

A two-level car parking device operates as follows. A parked car on its own through a low ramp or ramp with a console overlapping the width of the guide 10 and link 3, drives into a previously called free pallet 1 in zone 18.

The guides for the wheels of the car 20 on the pallet 1 and the ramps guarantee the correct race. The driver leaves the car 27. The next time you call a free or loaded pallet 1, he comes to zone 18 along the smallest path, making a clockwise or counterclockwise movement. When passing uphill or downhill sections, the movement of pallets 1 will be smooth, since the use of hard links 3 and 7 in conveyors allows a natural trajectory of movement, and therefore the estimated maximum speed of parking operations.

Figure 3 shows the movement diagram of the axes 2 of the pallets 1. The ends of the axes 2 are indicated by points A, B, C, D, E, K, M, N, L. For example, A, sequentially occupying the positions A ₁ , A ₂ , A ₃ , will move to B, respectively B to C, and C to D, etc. Moreover, AB = CD.

On straight horizontal guides 10 with approaches 12, pallets 1 roll on the support wheels 4 and 8. At the same time, only one vehicle 27 is always on the rise, which minimizes energy consumption. The horizontal position of the pallets 1 (stabilization) along the entire trajectory provides an additional conveyor 9, which compensates for the uneven distribution of loads along the length of the pallet 1, since the front of the car is heavier than the rear.

The length of links 3 and 7, which is equal to the height between the rails 10, is selected based on the maximum dimensions of the parked cars 27 in terms of height and width of the wheelbase, which determines the width of the pallet 1, as well as the divergence of the roof of the car 27 with the lower part of the pallet 1 on a curved path of ascent and descent . To increase the divergence, the lower part of the pallet is smaller than the upper one.

The transmission of forces from the drive is carried out synchronously to the upper and lower sections of the links 3 and 7 of the three conveyors through the teeth 13, which improves the reliability of operation of both the chains 14 and the entire device.

In addition, the design features of the drive with the presence of curvilinear approaches 12 provide a stable position of the pallets 1 on all trajectories.

A multi-level car parking device operates as follows. The parked car drives into the pre-called roll-out platform of the pallet 1, which is located on the ramp on the side of the device. The driver leaves the car, and the platform calls back on pallet 1. Further movement of pallets 1 inside the parking lot occurs in the same way as in a two-level parking.

Note that at the conditional conjugation points P ₁ and P ₂ (Fig. 3) of the straight sections of the guides 21 with curved 23, the rotation of the support wheels 4 and 8 is changed, so the distance between the points P ₁ and P ₂ in height is chosen so that there was their jamming.

The proposed method and device for parking cars is implemented both in two-level and in multi-level versions and makes it possible to reliable performance, reduce metal consumption and ease of manufacture. Two-level parking can be used without land acquisition, i.e. The device meets the conditions of mobility.

Figure 1 shows a two-level car parking device (side view):

item 1 pallet

item 2 axis

p. 3, 7 hard link (teeth not shown)

item 4 support wheel

item 9 additional conveyor

item 10 horizontal guide

Clause 11 support structure (frame)

p.12 curvilinear approach

p.14 chain

p.15 gear

p.16 envelope wheel

p.17 tension roller

p.27 car

In Fig.2 shows a pallet with links:

item 1 pallet

item 2, 6 axis

p. 3, 7 hard link

item 4, 8 support wheel

item 5 crank

item 13 tooth

item 20 guide for car wheels

Figure 3 shows a multi-level car parking device (front view):

item 1 pallet

p. 3, 7 hard link

item 4 support wheel

item 9 additional conveyor

p.15 gear

p.21 vertical guide

p.22 upper curved section

p.23 lower curved section

p.24 support structure (frame)

p.25 gear rack

p.26 gear

p.27 car

Figure 4 shows a graphical diagram of the movement of pallets:

item 2 axis

p. 18 parking and de-parking area

p. 19 area of the drive

Claims (3)

1. The device is a two-level or multi-level parking of cars, containing two parallel closed loop conveyors associated with load-bearing pallets and rollers in contact with the guides of the supporting structure, an electric drive, characterized in that each conveyor is made of rigid links, equal in number to the number of pallets that are articulated pallets are connected through axes located at the ends in the longitudinal plane of symmetry, and support wheels are installed on the outside of the conveyors on these axes, in addition an additional similar conveyor, shifted in the horizontal direction through the cranks of the axes, the length of which does not exceed half the width of the pallet, located on one of the sides, and in accordance with the spacing of the support wheels, the pallets are installed in horizontal guides having curvilinear approaches at the ends of equal height at least the radius of the support wheels, and the transmission of force from the drive is synchronized to the upper and lower sections of the three conveyors through chain transmissions to the teeth of the links installed with the design step hom. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the lower part of the pallet is smaller in size than the upper. 3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the pallets are installed in vertical guides with curved sections at the top and bottom, and in the lower part of the support wheels have internal contact with the guides, and in all other sections external, and the transmission of force from the drive is carried out on gear racks mounted on links.

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