RU2418218C1 - Bayonet end lock - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: machine building.

SUBSTANCE: end lock consists of hollow case and of flap cover. The cover is pressed to the case by means of bayonet connection contact surfaces of which are made along screw line. The cover is secured on a slip lever on a ball bearing. The cover turns around axis due to action of a removable key-pinion mounted on axes secured on the case. The key-pinion interacts with a tooth sector attached to the cover and has two working sections facilitating turn of the cover in two stages. A holder tied with an outlet tap blocks turn of the cover. Packing in a groove of the case facilitates pressure tightness.

EFFECT: safe operation of lock owing to turn lockout of cover, to ledges on bayonet lugs of cover facilitating final pressure release and to design of key-pinion projecting out of cavity locking working substance thus allowing operator to be beyond trajectory of flap cover transfer.

3 cl, 7 dwg

Description

The invention relates to pipeline transport and is used in the oil and gas industry to provide access to the internal cavity of pipelines without violating their integrity during maintenance, repair and diagnostic inspection; for example, for water in the launch and reception chambers of flow means of flaw detection of pipelines, treatment devices, and other flow shells.

It is known that in the oil and energy industry, pressure, main, field and technological oil and gas pipelines, steam and hot water pipelines, in order to ensure safety, require regular maintenance to remove deposits from the walls of the pipeline, as well as in-line diagnostics in order to monitor their internal condition. During these works, the start of treatment equipment and in-line flaw detectors inside the pipeline is carried out through the reception and launch chambers of treatment and diagnostic devices. For these purposes, the reception and launch chambers of pipelines, as well as the manholes of filter separators of compressor stations, autoclaves and pressure chambers in the food and chemical industry are equipped with end closures, providing depressurization and subsequent reliable and safe sealing of pipelines and vessels.

In connection with the increase in the volume of in-line diagnostics and the load on the reception and launch cameras, the requirements for speed, simplicity of the device and the reliability of end valves have increased.

The main types of standardized shutters are known: a flange shutter, a clamp shutter and a sector shutter.

The flange bolt consists of a cover and a housing with a flange, interconnected by bolts. The design and dimensions of the flange connection are regulated by GOST 28759.4.

The shutter is sealed with a gasket. For ease of opening the lid, a rotary device is provided in the shutter. Skewing the cover and an incomplete set of bolts is not allowed. The bolts are tightened evenly in several steps, followed by an additional tightening.

Disadvantages of a flange shutter: the ability to “bite” the gasket during assembly, skewing the cover when tightening bolts, the need to control the distribution of loads across pairs of bolts, the high complexity of locking and unlocking the shutter due to the significant number of bolt connections, the need for a special tool for the controlled tightening of threaded joints. The flange lock has low reliability due to the possibility of loosening the tightening of bolted joints and, over time, loss of tightness.

The clamp lock contains a housing with a flange, a cover with a flange and two half-clamps. Half-clamps tighten the housing flange and the cover flange using the screw-nut threaded connection. The shutter is sealed by a rubber sealing ring. For ease of maintenance, the lid leans back on a hinge. The safety of the clamp shutter is ensured by a blocking device, which excludes the possibility of opening the cover in the presence of pressure in the shutter cavity. The clamp lock has insufficient reliability due to the complexity of the control of the tightening force associated with the complex nature of the transmission of forces and uneven distribution of contact pressure of the clamp on the housing and the cover.

The sector lock contains a flange, a pipe and a cover concave into the pipe with sealing elements, sectors for locking the cover, blocking device of the sectors, drive sectors in the form of a screw-screw-nut pair, a rotary device of the cover. The locking device of the sectors is made in the form of a lever with a mechanism for controlling its movement. The rotary device of the cover is a hinge, on the case of which a gearbox is mounted to facilitate manual rotation of the cover (see RU 2339860 C1, 11.27.2008). This technical solution has all the disadvantages inherent in flange valves.

The closest analogue (prototype) of the claimed solution is the end sector lock (TU 3683-023-12693592), which is intended for use in launch and reception chambers, dirt filters, manholes, pipelines, manholes, oil refining, petrochemical and oil and gas equipment, as well as at the terminal and dead-end sections of pipelines in order to provide access to the internal cavity of pipelines and devices and their temporary communication with the atmosphere.

The shutter consists of a housing, a cover and sectors. The cover, in turn, consists of a shutter and an elliptical bottom welded to it. The body is made in the form of a flange and a shell welded to it. In the center of the cap on a spherical bearing, a screw with a nut put on it is pivotally mounted. Sectors are provided in the design for pressing the cover flap against the housing flange. The sectors are connected to the nut by means of inclined contact surfaces of a T-shape.

The cover is mounted on the sealing surface of the housing flange. Sectors assembled with nut and screw are installed on the cover flap. The lid is pressed to the flange due to the wedge contact surfaces of the flange groove and sectors when the sectors move from the axis of the shutter. The movement of the sectors is carried out using the screw-nut connection and the inclined contact surfaces of the nut-sector connection. The nut is fixed from rotation by fixed guides, which ensures the movement of the nut along the axis of the screw during rotation of the latter. A helm or a drive with a helm, consisting of a worm gear with a fork, is installed on the screw.

Using the helm, turning the screw in the surface moves the nut. The surfaces of the inclined nut grooves push the sectors apart, their wedge surfaces, falling into the groove of the flange, press the cover flap against the sealing surface of the flange. The shutter is sealed with a gasket installed on the inner diameter and a sealing ring installed on the outer diameter. For ease of maintenance, the shutter has a rotary device for folding the lid 180 °. To ensure the safety of operation, a safety device is provided in the shutter design, which excludes the possibility of opening sectors when there is pressure in the shutter cavity.

The safety device is a pneumatic cylinder, the rod of which, in the presence of excess pressure in the valve, extends and actuates a lever that lowers the locking plate into the gap between the sectors, blocking them. The safety device is activated when there is a pressure in the valve of at least 0.05 MPa. After depressurizing the valve with a load of not more than 150 N, the lever and retaining plate return to their original position, and the sectors are unlocked. A cover is provided to prevent dirt and dust from entering the shutter mechanism.

The disadvantage of the sector shutter is the lack of operator safety in the process of opening the shutter, since the operator is in the danger zone. In addition, the sector shutter requires careful maintenance of numerous wedge, screw surfaces, as well as the presence of a casing protecting these surfaces from dirt, the possibility of distortions and jamming of the damper is not excluded, and the use of rubber sealing elements reduces the overhaul period. At the same time, in the sector shutter there is no automatic control over the operation of the safety device.

Thus, there is the task of creating an end shutter that does not have the above disadvantages.

The claimed invention solves the problem of creating an end shutter designed for use in reception and start-up chambers, dirt filters, manholes for pipelines, manholes for oil refining, petrochemical and oil and gas equipment, as well as for end and dead ends of pipelines operating under pressure up to 32 MPa, with the aim of providing quick access to the internal cavity of pipelines, devices, temporarily communicating with the atmosphere, increasing the reliability of pipeline sealing, without the dangers of conducting in-line diagnostic work and the operation of pipelines and equipment.

This problem is solved in that the bayonet-type shutter, including a hollow body and a cover mounted on its sealing surface, having the ability to rotate on the axis of the bearing assembly located on the hinged lever, the bearing assembly axis being fixed to the cover using a ball bearing, which ensures the sealing surfaces fit housing and cover, as well as the ability to recline with the specified lever on a hinge mounted on the housing and which is equipped with a compression seal an object located in the groove of the sealing surface of the housing with a locking device made in the form of a bayonet connection, for which the cover is provided with protrusions covered by grooves made on the housing, and to impart axial movement to the cover when it is rotated relative to the housing, the contact surfaces of these bayonet connection elements are made by screw surface corresponding to multi-start rectangular thread, and blocking the rotation of the cover relative to the housing, eliminating the possibility of opening The shutter, if there is pressure in it, is carried out using a latch actuated through a system of levers from the handle located on the outlet valve body, and the cover is rotated after depressurization using a gear wrench mounted on axles fixed to the housing and interacting with a gear sector mounted on the lid and divided by emphasis into two sections, on the first of which there is a preliminary rotation and axial movement of the lid by the size of the ledges made on the ledge ax of the lid, and on the second, when the gear wheel is shifted to the other axis corresponding to the second section of the gear sector, the lid is completely rotated with subsequent movement on the tilting lever.

In the particular case of the implementation of the device to limit the rotation of the cover within the working area on the cover there are stops (stops in the drawings are not indicated), and the removable key is equipped with a ratchet mechanism.

Safety and reliability and shutter operation are provided by three levels of protection:

1. The presence of a latch kinematically connected with the axis of rotation of the exhaust valve, that is, when the valve is closed, the rotation of the cover is impossible, and it is also impossible to install the gear key on the axis.

2. The process of opening the lid is carried out in two stages: a preliminary rotation, at the end of which the lid moves away from the housing due to a step on the protrusions of the bayonet connection, at the same time, the shutter cavity is completely depressurized and the final rotation takes place, for which the gear key must be removed and installed on a different axis, which excludes the opening of the lid "in one motion".

3. The design of the gear-key and hinged cover device ensures safe placement of the operator outside the trajectory of movement of the cover when opening, as well as outside the zone of a possible exit of the working medium from the shutter cavity.

The design of the bayonet connection with the screw mating surfaces provides the possibility of a significant (up to 15 kg / cm ² ) pre-compression stress of the sealant, which ensures reliability and tightness of the connection.

The connection of the cover and the axis of rotation with the help of a ball joint provides adjustment of the fit of the sealing surfaces of the cover and the body with loose bolts and their subsequent tightening. Thus, uniform compression of the sealant and the absence of a gap between the mating surfaces of the cover and the housing are achieved.

To limit the rotation of the lid within the working area, lids are located on the lid, to hold the lid in the tilted position there is a latch, the key gear is equipped with a ratchet mechanism.

The seal located in the groove in the free state protrudes above the sealing surface of the housing.

The invention is illustrated by graphic material, where in figures 1-3 in three projections (front, top and side views) the end bayonet lock is shown; in figures 4-7 depicted sections, with the positions indicated:

1. Bolt

2. Projections

3. Groove

4. Gear wrench

5. Case

6. Crane

7. Cover

8. Shell

9. Axis

10. Grooves

11. Handle

12. Cover handle

13. Folding lever

14. Lock levers

15. Sector gear

16. Cargo earring

17. Bearing assembly

18. Sealant

19. Safety step

20. The latch

21. Clamping flange

22. Hinge

23. Ball joint

The end bayonet lock consists of a body 5 and a cover 7. On the cover 7, protrusions 2 of the bayonet connection are made, covered by the grooves 10 of the housing 5. The contact surfaces of the bayonet connection are made along a helical line corresponding to a multiple-entry rectangular thread. When the cover 7 is rotated, it is axially displaced, the gap between the cover 7 and the housing 5 is closed and the seal 18 is compressed (in the free state, the seal 18 located in the groove 3 of the housing 5 protrudes above the attachment plane by the calculated value “h”). Under the action of working pressure, the seal 18 moves radially in the groove 3, and the joint is self-sealing (see Fig. 5). The seal 18 is made of an elastomer having mechanical characteristics, chemical resistance and a range of operating temperatures corresponding to the specific operating conditions of the shutter.

For safe maintenance, the cover 7 is fixed to the hinged lever 13, which is mounted on the housing 5 using the hinge 22 (see Fig.7). The axis on which the cover rotates when closing and opening the shutter rotates in the bearing assembly 17, mounted on the hinged lever 13. The axis is equipped with a ball bearing 23, clamped by the flange 21 with the help of bolts 1 (see Fig.6). Adjustment of the fit of the mating surfaces of the housing 5 and the cover 7 is reduced to the rotation of the cover 7 when the bolts 1 are loosened without an installed seal 18 to the “closed” position, followed by uniform tightening of the bolts 1.

An outlet valve 14 is mounted on the outer part of the housing 5. The crane is driven from the handle 11. The latch 20 blocks the rotation of the cover 7 when the position is closed and is actuated from the handle 11 of the crane 6 through the lever system 14 (see Fig. 4).

The rotation of the cover 7 is carried out using a gear wrench 4, sequentially mounted on the axis 9 with the crane 6 open and interacting with the gear sector 15 mounted on the cover 7. The gear sector 15 is divided by a safety ledge into a preliminary rotation section and a final rotation section. At the end of the pre-rotation section, the cover 7 receives additional axial displacement by the height of the step 19 on the protrusions of the cover 7, while the pressure is completely vented in the shutter cavity. At the end of the final rotation section, the bayonet connection is disengaged, and the cover 7 is retracted on the hinged lever 13 by means of the handle of the cover 12.

The transition shell 8 is used for installation and has a chamfer for the weld.

Claims (3)

1. Bayonet end lock, including a hollow body and a cover mounted on its sealing surface, which can be rotated on the axis of the bearing assembly located on the hinged lever, the bearing assembly axis being fixed to the cover using a ball bearing, which ensures the sealing surfaces of the housing and cover, as well as the ability to recline with the specified lever on a hinge mounted on the housing, and which is equipped with a compression seal located in the groove the sealing surface of the housing, a locking device made in the form of a bayonet connection, for which the cover is provided with protrusions covered by grooves made on the housing, and in order to impart axial movement to the cover when it is rotated relative to the housing, the contact surfaces of these bayonet connection elements are made on a helical surface corresponding to a multiple-entry rectangular thread, and the lock of rotation of the cover relative to the housing, eliminating the possibility of opening the shutter in the presence of It is carried out by means of a latch actuated through a system of levers from a handle located on the body of the exhaust valve, and the lid is rotated after depressurization using a gear wrench mounted on axles fixed to the housing and interacting with a gear sector fixed on the lid and divided by emphasis on two sections, on the first of which there is a preliminary rotation and axial movement of the cover by the size of the steps made on the protrusions of the cover, and on the second, when When the gear key is inserted on the other axis corresponding to the second section of the gear sector, the cover is completely rotated with subsequent movement on the tilt lever. 2. The shutter according to claim 1, in which to limit the rotation of the cover within the working area on the cover mounted stops. 3. The shutter according to claim 1, in which the removable wrench gear is equipped with a ratchet mechanism.

Images