RU44941U1 - BLOCK AND DRAIN DEVICE, PREFERREDLY, FOR RAILWAY TANK - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to transport engineering, in particular to devices for unloading liquid and viscous products from railway tanks. The claimed invention solves the technical problem of increasing the operational reliability and safety of a locking and draining device. The claimed technical result is achieved in a shut-off and drain device, mainly for a railway tank 1, including a drain neck and autonomously controlled shutters sequentially installed in it, for example, a main rotary shutter 3 with an actuator from a filler neck 14, duplicating a rotary butterfly valve 4 with a lower actuating handle 27 and an end cap 5 with a hinged bracket 31 and a clamping screw 32. The device is made self-sealing with increasing ambient temperature. The main rotary shutter 3 is made disk. The sealing surfaces of the butterfly valves 3 and 4 are made of metal with surfacing 33 and 34 of a material whose linear expansion coefficient exceeds the linear expansion coefficient of the base metal, for example, bronze. The drain neck of the tank is formed by flange housings 6 and 20 valves. The boiler 2 of the tank 1 is equipped with a flange 8 for connection to it from the inside and outside of the flange bodies 6 and 20 of the valves; A groove 41 is made on the side surface of the flange 8 of the boiler 2. In the housing 6 of the main shutter 3 fixed inside the boiler, slots 18 are made for filtering and completely draining the contents of the tank. The flanges of the boiler 2 and the housings 6, 20 are pulled together by common fasteners 35 into a single flange connection. Part of the through mounting holes 38 in the flange of the outer housing 20 is provided with bushings 39, the height of which exceeds the thickness of the flange. The flange connection is provided with washers 40 of a material whose linear expansion coefficient exceeds the linear expansion coefficient of the base material of the connection, for example, bronze. On the drive handle 27 of the backup shutter 4 there are surfaces for interaction and locking in the closed position of the backup shutter with a hinged bracket of the end cap 5, for example, in the form of a cantilever protrusion 43 with a guide groove 44 and a shoulder restraint 45 for moving the hinged bracket 31. On the hinged bracket 31 in the place of contact with the drive handle 27 of the backup shutter 4, surfacing 46 is made of a material whose linear expansion coefficient exceeds the linear expansion coefficient of the main material of the handle, for example p of bronze. The clamping screw 32 of the end cap 5 is made of a material whose linear expansion coefficient exceeds the linear expansion coefficient of the material of the folding bracket 31, for example, of bronze.

To fix the hinged bracket 31 in the open position, a ball lock 47 is provided on the housing 20. A rotary screen-damper 19 is mounted and connected to the main shutter drive. The shut-off and drain device includes a steam casing 48 for heating the drain neck. The fitting 49 is used to connect to the steam casing 48 of the steam supply pipe (not shown in the drawing). Steam is discharged from the steam casing 48 through the pipe 50.

Description

The utility model relates to transport engineering, in particular to devices for unloading liquid and viscous products from railway tanks.

In accordance with domestic and international rules for the transport of dangerous goods by rail, the conditions for storage and transportation of tanks are strictly regulated by the requirements for reliability and explosion safety. These requirements are provided, inter alia, by the tightness and reliability of the shutoff valves used to drain the transported medium from tanks.

The existing rules for the manufacture of tanks for explosive cargo / it is recommended to equip the tank with shut-off and drain devices, which are a system of three sequentially installed valves: the main internal shut-off valve, controlled from above; a backup shut-off valve, controlled from below, and an additional shut-off valve, for example in the form of an end cap.

Known shut-off and drain devices for railway tanks, containing two, three overlapping shut-off valves, thereby providing greater tightness and reliability of the device.

A locking device for a tank is known, protected by patent RU2154217, IPC ⁷ F 16 K 27/07, publication date - 08/10/2000. The device is designed for the discharge and loading of pressurized aggressive liquids, gases and other substances placed in tanks during their storage and transportation. The device contains three sequentially installed shut-off valves with independent controls: an internal shut-off valve, an external shut-off valve and an additional shut-off valve. The internal shut-off valve contains a shut-off element in the form of two plates, the main and preliminary. The preliminary plate is connected to a spring-loaded stem mounted in the sleeve. The rod is driven by a handle through the spindle and cam. The external shut-off valve is made in the form of a ball valve. An additional shut-off valve is made in the form of an end cap. Internal and external shut-off valves are installed in a monolithic housing.

When moving the spring-loaded stem, the passage opens under the preliminary plate of the main valve and the drain pipe is filled with contents

tanks, resulting in a passage of a larger nominal diameter under the main plate. The time required for pre-filling the drain pipe is large enough and the response of the analog drain device occurs with a delay. In this case, the main plate perceives the influence of the flow of the product being drained, tending to press it to the saddle. As a result, an undesirable flow pulsation during discharge is likely. The completeness of the discharge of the contents of the tank by the design of the analog device is also not provided. At the same time, in accordance with regulatory requirements, including international standards, the control device of the main valve should not be located below the tank, but on top.

Known locking and drain device of the railway tank, protected by patent RU2182091, IPC ⁷ 6 U 5/00, publication date -10.05.2002.

The locking and drain device is located in the bottom of the railway tank and contains sequentially located in the case and independently controlled gates, the main of which is installed in the internal volume of the tank boiler in the area of the exit window, made in the form of a three-way ball valve and kinematically connected with a control rod, longitudinally oriented to the filler neck of the tank. At the end of the outer part of the housing of the locking and draining device, a plug with a hinged bracket and a clamping screw is installed. Above the end cap in the housing of the shut-off-drain device, a backup shutter is located in the form of a rotary damper interacting with a non-metallic sealing seat.

The use of a ball valve in a shut-off and prototype device makes the device heavier, complicates its design and makes maintenance difficult due to the inaccessibility of the sealing surfaces of the ball valve for inspection without disassembling the device. The regulation of the sealing force in the shutter of the ball valve is impossible without draining the product from the tank. Fluoroplastic seals of a ball valve do not provide their long-term tightness if mechanical impurities (sand, etc.) are present in the contents of the tank.

The prototype of the claimed device is a shut-off and drain device, mainly for a railway tank per application per. No. 2004115134 (016329) of the authors V.A. Airyev and O.G. Kryzhanovsky from 05.20.2004.

The locking and draining device includes a drain neck formed on the boiler flange from the flange bodies of the main and backup rotary butterfly valves connected to it from inside and outside, with an end cap, a remote rod drive of the rotary shaft and the main disk of the main shutter from the tank filler neck, a handle for turning a shaft and a working disk of a backup shutter, a folding bracket of a stub with a clamping screw.

The degree of safety of the prototype device is not sufficient due to

that its design does not include special elements of emergency and fire protection.

The claimed invention solves the technical problem of increasing the operational reliability and safety of a locking and draining device.

The claimed technical result is achieved in a shut-off and drain device, mainly for a railway tank, which includes a drain neck formed on the boiler flange from inside and outside flange housings of the main and duplicate butterfly valves, and an end cap for the drain neck. The locking and draining device also includes a remote rod drive of the shaft of the main rotary butterfly valve from the filler neck of the tank, a handle for driving the shaft of the backup rotary butterfly valve, a folding bracket for the plug with a clamping screw.

The sealing surfaces of the main and backup rotary butterfly valves are made of metal, and the locking and drain device is made self-sealing with increasing ambient temperature. The metal sealing surfaces of the butterfly valves are made of surfacing made of a material whose linear expansion coefficient exceeds the linear expansion coefficient of the base metal, for example, bronze.

The drive handle of the backup rotary butterfly valve is connected to the backup shutter shaft via a bevel gear reducer, while a smaller bevel gear link is mounted on the shaft of the drive handle. Surfaces for interaction and locking in the closed position of the backup shutter with a hinged bracket of an end cap are made on the drive handle of the backup rotary butterfly valve, for example, in the form of a cantilevered protrusion with a guide groove and a collar-limiter to move the folding snob. On the hinged snob of the end cap at the point of contact with the drive handle of the backup rotary butterfly valve, surfacing is made of a material whose linear expansion coefficient exceeds the linear expansion coefficient of the main material of the handle, for example, bronze. The clamping screw of the end cap is made of material whose linear expansion coefficient exceeds the linear expansion coefficient of the material of the folding bracket, for example, of bronze.

The flanges of the boiler and the housings of the main and backup rotary butterfly valves are pulled together by common fasteners into a single flange connection, while some of the through mounting holes in the flange of the backup shutter housing are provided with bushings whose height exceeds the thickness of the flange. In the flange connection of the boiler and the body of the main rotary butterfly valve, the sealing shoulder and the sealing groove are made on the outer periphery of the flanges. A recess is made on the side surface of the boiler flange. Flange connection of the boiler and

the main and backup rotary butterfly valve bodies are equipped with washers made of a material whose linear expansion coefficient exceeds the linear expansion coefficient of the main material of the joint, for example, of bronze.

A rotary screen-damper is installed and connected to the shutter drive on the main rotary disk shutter body, and slots are made in the main rotary disk shutter housing for filtering and completely draining the contents of the tank.

The invention is illustrated in the drawing:

figure 1 - General view of the tank with a locking and drain device;

figure 2 - section aa of the tank and the General layout of the locking and drain device;

figure 3 - shut-off and drain device in section;

figure 4 - section BB lock-drain device, view of the flange connection;

5 is a view In the locking-drain device;

6 is a cross-section GG of the node for fixing the hinged bracket on the housing of the backup shutter-drain device;

Fig.7 is a view of D on the locking-drain device.

The inventive locking and drainage device, mainly for a railway tank 1, is located in the bottom of its boiler 2 and contains sequentially installed and independently controlled main 3, duplicating 4 butterfly valves and an end cap 5. The housing 6 of the main shutter 3 is installed in the internal volume of the boiler 2 , in the area of the outlet window 7, and attached to the flange 8 of the boiler 2. The main shutter 3 contains a seat 9 and mounted in the housing 6 on the rotary shaft 10 and rotary axis 11 of the working disk 12, kinematically connected with the control a swing rod 13, longitudinally oriented to the filler neck 14 of the tank 1. The control rotary rod 13 is equipped with a retractable rotary mechanism 15, mounted on the bracket 16 in the filler neck 14 and includes control handles 17. Slots 18 are made in the main shutter body 6 for filtration and complete drainage tank contents. In order to prevent foreign impurities (sand, etc.) from entering the inlet pipe of the main shutter during filling, a rotary screen-damper 19 could be installed and connected to the control rotary bar 13 on the housing 6.

Duplicate rotary butterfly valve 4 is placed in the housing 20, attached to the flange 8 of the boiler 2 of the tank from the outside. The redundant shutter comprises a seat 21 and a working disk 24 located in the housing 20 on the rotary shaft 22 and the rotary axis 23, which is connected via gear links 25, 26 of the bevel gear reducer to the lower drive handle 27. In this case, the bevel gear link 26 of a smaller diameter is connected to the drive handle 27. To fix the disk 24 in the working position

a ratchet mechanism is provided, consisting of a ratchet wheel 28 and a spring lever 29.

The sealing surfaces of the seats 9 and 21 of the main 3 and the backup 4 rotary butterfly valves are made of metal with surfacing 33 and 34, for example of bronze.

The flange bodies 6 and 20 of the main and backup butterfly valves form the drain neck of the tank. In the lower part of the drain neck there is an end cap 5 with a gasket 30, a hinged bracket 31 and a clamping screw 32.

Flange housings 6 and 20 of the main 3 and backup 4 rotary butterfly valves are attached to the flange 8 of the boiler 2 by fasteners 35. A sealing collar is made along the outer periphery of the boiler flange 8 and a reciprocal undercut is made along the outer periphery of the housing flange 6 of the main rotary butterfly valve 4 36. The joint of the housings b and 20 is sealed with a gasket 37. In the part (for example, in half) of the through mounting holes 38 of the flange of the outer housing 20, bushings 39 are installed, the height of which exceeds the thickness of the flange. The flange connection is provided with washers 40 of material with a linear expansion coefficient exceeding the linear expansion coefficient of the base material of the flange connection, for example, bronze. A recess 41 is made in the flange 8 to completely drain the contents of the tank, a recess 42 is made on the side surface of the flange 8 to reduce the effect of the weld on the deformation of the end surface. On the drive handle 27 of the backup shutter 4, a cantilever protrusion 43 is made with a guide groove 44 and a shoulder restraint 45 for moving the hinged bracket 31 of the end cap 5. The hinge bracket 31 can be rotated only with the extreme position of the drive handle 27 corresponding to the closed position of the backup shutter 4. On the hinged shutter the bracket 31 in the place of contact with the drive handle 27 of the backup shutter 4 is surfaced 46 of a material whose linear expansion coefficient exceeds the linear expansion coefficient of the main material La handles, such as bronze. The clamping screw 32 of the end cap 5 is made of a material whose linear expansion coefficient exceeds the linear expansion coefficient of the material of the folding bracket 31, for example, of bronze. To fix the hinged bracket 31 in the open position on the housing 20 provides a ball retainer 47.

Lock-drain device includes a steam casing 48 for heating the drain neck. The fitting 49 is used to connect to the steam casing 48 of the steam supply pipe (not shown in the drawing). Steam is discharged from the steam casing 48 through the pipe 50.

On the housing 20 grooves-stress concentrators 51 are made for directional neck opening in the event of an emergency and a significant displacement of the boiler 2 relative to the spinal beam 52 of the tank 1.

The inventive locking and sleeping device is as follows.

Unscrew the clamping screw 32, lower the end cap 5, rotate and swing aside the hinge bracket 31 together with the end cap 5 and the clamp screw 32, fixing them in this position on the housing 20 with a ball retainer 47. In this case, the hinge bracket 31 leaves the guide the groove 44 of the drive handle 27 of the backup rotary shutter 4, releasing the drive handle 27 to rotate. Then connect the drain hose (not shown) to the lower end of the locking and drain device.

To open the main disk shutter 3, the filler neck cover 14 is removed and, using the handles 17 of the sliding mechanism 15, the working disk 12 is turned through the control rod 13. If necessary, the disk 12 can be fixed in an intermediate position using a ratchet wheel and a spring-loaded lever engaging with it (not shown in the drawing).

By rotating the drive handle 27 through the gear links 26 and 25 of the bevel gear reducer, the backup disk shutter 4 is opened. The working disk 24 can be locked in the intermediate position using the ratchet wheel 28 and the spring-loaded lever 29 engaged with it. After opening the backup shutter 4, the locking the drain device works to drain the contents of the boiler 2 tank 1.

In the open position, the main disk 12 of the main shutter faces the slots 18 in the housing 6 with the back side to protect the sealing surfaces of the disk from mechanical impurities, the concentration of which in the product increases as it is drained. At a time when the level of the contents of the tank falls below the upper end of the housing 6 of the main valve 3, the liquid cargo from the bottom of the boiler passes filtration in the slots 18 of the housing 6 before discharge. In this case, the remaining liquid with impurities (sediment) approaches the slots 18 on the side through the undercut 41 in the flange 8, and the main part of the mechanical impurities does not reach the slots.

Closing the locking and draining device is carried out in the reverse order.

When freezing or cooling the contents of the tank, the viscosity of the product increases significantly. In such cases, before opening the shut-off and drain device for heating the throat in the area between the gates 3 and 4, heating steam is supplied through the fitting 49 to the steam casing 48. Steam is removed from the steam jacket through the pipe 50.

In the event that a fire starts around the tank, the ambient temperature and pressure in the boiler 2 increase, and the viscosity of the contents of the product decreases, bronze

surfacing 33 and 34 on the sealing surfaces of the main 3 and backup 4 rotary butterfly valves increase in volume to a greater extent than the metal of which the working disks 12 and 24 are made, seats 9 and 21. As the ambient temperature rises due to excess coefficient linear expansion of bronze over the linear expansion coefficient of the base metal of the sealing surfaces of the valves 3 and 4, the effect of self-sealing of the valves increases.

Similarly, self-sealing of other connectors of the inventive locking and draining device occurs: in the connection of the flange 8 of the boiler 2 with the flanges of the housings 6 and 20 of the main 3 and the bronze washers 40 duplicating 4 rotary butterfly valves, increasing in size to a greater extent than other parts of the flange connection, increase the compression force of the flange connection; bronze surfacing 46 on the hinged bracket 31 of the end cap 5 selects the gap formed between the hinged bracket 31 and the drive handle 27, preventing the weakening of the pressing of the disk 24 against the seat 21 of the backup shutter; the clamping screw 32 of the end cap 5 with increasing temperature lengthens to a greater extent than the bracket 31, preventing the seal "plug 5 - housing 20" by increasing the compression force of the gasket 30.

Fixing the main 3 and duplicating 4 valves on the flange 8 of the boiler 2 provides the possibility of inspection of the internal, including sealing, surfaces of the drain device, separate (independent) repair of parts of the shut-off and drain device from the inside and outside of the boiler.

The execution on the metal sealing surfaces of the butterfly valves 3 and 4 of the bronze surfacing 33 and 34 of bronze as a material with a low coefficient of friction also eliminates the possibility of jamming of the working discs 12 and 24 and prevents sparking on the sealing surfaces of the valves.

The fastening of the flange housings b and 20 of the shutters 3 and 4 on both sides of the flange 8 of the boiler 2 allows tightening of the gaskets 36 and 37 with the same fasteners. This is also facilitated by the presence in half of the flange holes 38 of the bushings 39, protruding under the nuts above the surface of the flange.

The implementation of the sealing collar and the reciprocal undercut under the sealing strip 36 on the outer periphery, respectively, of the flange 8 of the boiler 2 and the flange of the housing 6 of the main rotary butterfly valve 3 allows you to provide maximum pressing force of the gasket 36 due to the pressure of a column of liquid product in the boiler.

As follows from the above description, the inventive locking and draining device has high reliability, fire resistance and environmental safety.

Claims (17)

1. Shut-off and drain device, mainly for a railway tank car, including a drain neck formed on the boiler flange from inside and outside flange housings of the main and backup rotary butterfly valves, end cap of the drain neck, remote rod drive of the main butterfly valve from the filler neck of the tank, a handle for driving the shaft of a duplicate rotary butterfly valve, a hinged bracket plug with a clamping screw, characterized in that plotnitelnye surface of butterfly valves are made of metal, and the shut-drain device is self-sealing with increasing ambient temperature. 2. Shut-off and drain device according to claim 1, characterized in that the sealing surfaces of the butterfly valves are made of surfacing made of a material whose linear expansion coefficient exceeds the linear expansion coefficient of the base metal of the sealing surfaces, for example, bronze. 3. Shut-off and drain device according to claim 1, characterized in that the flanges of the boiler and bodies are pulled together by common fasteners into a single flange connection. 4. Lock-drain device according to claim 3, characterized in that a part of the through mounting holes in the flange of the body of the duplicate rotary butterfly valve is equipped with bushings whose height exceeds the thickness of the flange. 5. Lock-drain device according to claim 3, characterized in that the flange connection is provided with washers of material whose linear expansion coefficient exceeds the linear expansion coefficient of the main material of the connection, for example, bronze. 6. Lock-drain device according to claim 3, characterized in that in the connector of the flange connection of the boiler and the body of the main rotary butterfly valve, the sealing collar and sealing groove are made on the outer periphery of the flanges. 7. Lock-drain device according to claim 1, characterized in that a recess is made on the side surface of the boiler flange. 8. Shut-off and drain device according to claim 1, characterized in that the drive handle of the backup rotary butterfly valve is connected to the shaft of the backup valve through the gearbox. 9. Lock-drain device according to claim 8, characterized in that the gearbox is gear. 10. Lock-drain device according to claim 9, characterized in that the gear reducer is made tapered. 11. Lock-drain device according to claim 10, characterized in that the bevel gear link of a smaller diameter is connected to the drive handle. 12. Lock-drain device according to claim 1, characterized in that on the drive handle of the backup rotary butterfly valve are made surfaces for interaction and locking in the closed position of the backup shutter with hinged bracket end caps. 13. Lock-drain device according to claim 12, characterized in that a cantilevered protrusion with a guide groove and a collar-limiter for moving the hinged bracket is made on the drive handle of the backup shutter. 14. Lock-drain device according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that on the hinged bracket of the end cap at the point of contact with the drive handle of the backup rotary butterfly valve, surfacing is made of a material whose linear expansion coefficient exceeds the linear expansion coefficient of the main material of the handle, for example from bronze. 15. Lock-drain device according to claim 1, characterized in that the clamping screw of the end cap is made of a material whose linear expansion coefficient exceeds the linear expansion coefficient of the material of the folding bracket, for example, of bronze. 16. Shut-off and drain device according to claim 1, characterized in that on the main rotary disk shutter case, a rotary screen-shutter is installed and connected to the shutter drive. 17. Shut-off and drain device according to claim 1, characterized in that the slots for filtering and completely draining the contents of the tank are made in the main rotary butterfly valve body.