RU202252U1 - Locking and unloading device of a railway tank car - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of mechanical engineering, namely, to railway transport and is intended for use in tank cars transporting fluid cargo, including high-viscosity and solidifying cargo and equipped with locking and unloading devices with a triple degree of protection. A locking and unloading device of a railway tank car, containing a lower drain pipe with a lower and internal locking devices located at its ends, an intermediate locking device is fixed on the lower drain pipe outside the boiler between the lower and internal locking devices, characterized in that the intermediate locking device is mounted on the lower drain pipe by means of welding or mechanical fastening, while the valve of the intermediate shut-off device is made in the form of a ball with a through hole along the axis of the drain pipe and has the ability to rotate along an axis perpendicular to the axis of the drain pipe. The technical result consists in improving the operational properties of the structure. 1 ill.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of mechanical engineering, namely to railway transport and is intended for use in tank cars transporting fluid cargo, including high-viscosity and solidifying cargo, and equipped with locking and unloading devices with a triple degree of protection. Structurally, the triple degree of protection provides for three locking devices installed in series on the drain pipe and independently controlled by separate drives - upper, intermediate and lower. The presence of an intermediate locking device does not always allow, when unloading the tank car, to fully open the flow section of the drain pipe in its middle part.

Known drain devices with an intermediate shut-off member located in the middle part of the drain pipe between the upper closure and the lower valve (UA 8099, IPC B61D 5/00, publ. 17.01.2005; RU 2289052, IPC F16K 27/07, F16K 39/02, F16K 31/51, publ. 10.12.2006; RU 2154217, IPC F16K 27/07, publ. 10.08.2000). The intermediate shut-off elements of these drain devices are rotary butterfly valves or dampers that open the lumen of the drain pipe, turning around its axis with the help of drives (controls), which are a worm gear, or a cardan shaft, or a spindle with a flywheel.

A common disadvantage of the known technical solutions is that the intermediate shut-off elements themselves and their seats are located inside the cavity of the drain pipe, therefore they partially overlap the useful section of the drain pipe during unloading of the tank, thereby increasing the time for unloading the cargo and excluding the possibility of entering a telescopic hydromonitor.

Known drainage device of a railway tank, consisting of three sequentially located gates with independent control from each other: the main one, made in the form of a three-way ball stop valve, consisting of a body located in the internal volume of the tank boiler in the area of the outlet window, the inlets of which are located on one the axis of the parallel axis of the tank, the bushings movable in the axial direction, hermetically installed in the inlet openings of the housing, spring-loaded with Belleville springs having means for adjusting the degree of compression, non-metallic seats with toroidal sealing surfaces installed in these bushings, and a ball valve located between them; an additional one, which is a hinged plug located on the outlet of the drain device, consisting of a cover having a groove for installing a non-metallic sealing ring with a flat sealing surface, a pivot bracket, on which a pressure screw with a handle is located; intermediate, located between the body of the main valve and the outlet of the drain device, made in the form of a butterfly valve, the valve of which is installed on the spindle, which is the axis of rotation of the valve, located perpendicular to the axis of the outlet of the drain device and transversely offset relative to this axis, and a handle mounted at the end spindle. The main gate control is located outside the tank in its lower part in the area of the exit window. To control the main gate, the spindle with the flywheel mounted on it and the gear mounted on the spindle of the three-way ball stop valve are kinematically connected by a worm gear (RU 142675, IPC B61D 5/00, B65D 90/54, publ. 06/27/2014).

The disadvantage of the known solution is that the drain pipe, when the shutter of the intermediate gate is turned around its axis during the unloading of the tank, remains partially blocked, its flow area is noticeably narrowed by the gate and the spindle, on which the gate is installed inside the pipe. This design helps to slow down the rate of discharge of liquid from the tank, especially viscous liquids.

It is also known a locking and unloading device of a railway tank car, containing a drain pipe, located at its ends, upper and lower locking devices and an intermediate gate made in the form of a flat element mounted on the drain pipe with the possibility of full-bore reciprocating movement of a flat element controlled by a drive, the intermediate gate is kinematically connected to the control drive through a reducer (patent RU 170721 U1, IPC B61D 5/00, B65D 90/54, publ. 04.05.2017).

The disadvantages of such a device, chosen as a prototype, are: its overall dimensions, which complicates its installation on a tank; large weight, which creates additional stresses from inertial loads in the area of connection of the drain pipe to the tank boiler when the car is moving; the complexity of the design and its maintenance due to the presence of the gearbox, as well as the difficulty in ensuring the tightness of the retractable flat element.

The objective of the utility model is to achieve the maximum full opening of the flow section of the lower drain pipe without overlapping it with the elements of the intermediate locking device, reducing the overall dimensions of the intermediate locking device, reducing its weight, increasing its tightness and reliability.

The technical result consists in improving the operational properties of the structure.

The specified technical result is achieved in that the valve of the intermediate locking device is made in the form of a ball having a through hole along the axis of the drain pipe with a diameter equal to the diameter of the drain pipe. In this case, the transfer of the intermediate shut-off device to the "closed-open-closed" position is performed by turning the valve along an axis perpendicular to the axis of the drain pipe. Thus, reliable sealing of the boiler is ensured, as well as unimpeded unloading of the tank at unloading and loading racks equipped with special unloading and loading devices with telescopic hydraulic monitors, which takes into account the specifics of the infrastructure and expands the technological capabilities of the utility model.

The proposed utility model is illustrated by a drawing.

The locking and unloading device of a railway tank car is a lower drain pipe 1 with an internal locking device 2 installed on it, containing an upper valve 3, a lower locking device 4 made in the form of a hinged cover. In the lower drain pipe 1 between the boiler sump and the lower shut-off device 4, an intermediate shut-off device 5 is mounted by means of welding or mechanical fastening, in which the valve 6 is made in the form of a ball. The diameter of the valve 6 is equal to the diameter of the lower drain pipe 1. The valve 6 has a through hole for draining the product from the boiler. The product is drained by turning the valve 6 with the handle 7 along the axis perpendicular to the axis of the drain pipe 1.

The proposed locking and drainage device operates as follows.

Before unloading the tanks, open the lower locking device 4 and the intermediate locking device 5. Attach the device for receiving the cargo (not shown), while the design of the locking and drainage device allows connecting the installation of the bottom discharge of oil and oil products of railway tank cars with a telescopic hydraulic monitor of the USNG type. To open the internal locking device 2 through the open hatch from the top of the tank, by rotating the drive handle, the valve of the upper 3 is lifted, after which the locking and drainage device ensures the discharge of fluid cargo from the tank car.

Close the shut-off and drain device in reverse order.

The presence of a ball-shaped valve in the intermediate shut-off device with a hole with a diameter equal to the diameter of the lower drain pipe allows to fully open the section of the lower drain pipe.

Claims (1)

A locking and unloading device of a railway tank car, containing a lower drain pipe with a lower and internal locking devices located at its ends, an intermediate locking device is fixed on the lower drain pipe outside the boiler between the lower and internal locking devices, characterized in that the intermediate locking device is mounted on the lower drain pipe by means of welding or mechanical fastening, while the valve of the intermediate shut-off device is made in the form of a ball with a through hole along the axis of the drain pipe and has the ability to rotate along an axis perpendicular to the axis of the drain pipe.

Images