RU2428612C2 - Hatch-trapdoor - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: machine building.

SUBSTANCE: hatch-trapdoor consists of neck with flange, of swinging bracket, of pivoted cover, of packing ring, of thrust ring, of two movable half-rings with internal grooves of rectangular cross section, and of gate with holder. The swinging bracket is equipped with a lever for preliminary compression of the packing ring. In a closed state the pivoted cover, the packing ring and the thrust ring enter a cylinder bore of the flange. The movable half-rings are brought together, while their internal grooves envelope flanges of the thrust ring and the neck. The gate with the holder retains the half-rings from self-opening. Force of medium pressure onto the cover is received with the half-rings, while the packing ring is deformed between a collar of the cover, the thrust ring and the cylinder bore of the flange facilitating reliable sealing of the hatch-trap-door. The holder is made in form of a power cylinder with a piston and rod. The cylinder is positioned in the cover, a piston cavity is connected with a reservoir, while the rod blocks the swinging bracket under influence of medium pressure.

EFFECT: reduced labour output at fabrication and operation of hatch-trapdoor.

2 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to high pressure technology and can be used to provide access to vessels and tanks for technological purposes (cleaning, installation, repair, testing, etc.).

A device for locking the lid of a vessel operating under pressure, according to patent RU No. 2249135, class. F16J 13/16, F16J 13/10, publ. March 27, 2005. The device includes a neck with a flange, a swivel bracket, a cover, an o-ring, and two movable half rings. The outer non-mating ends of the flange and the cover are made with conical belts. The cover is fixed in the swivel bracket. In movable half rings, internal grooves with conical walls are made. The half rings are installed with the possibility of mixing, breeding and gripping the conical belts of the flange and the cover with grooves. The device is equipped with mechanisms for moving the cover and half rings. Power circuit and sealing of the cover is done by reducing the half rings by gripping the flanges with grooves on the conical surfaces.

The pressure force of the medium in the tank is aimed at opening the sealed joint of the flange and the cover, which reduces the reliability of the device. The device is notable for its structural complexity and high manufacturing cost.

As a prototype adopted oval-shaped hatch for sealing and maintenance of pressure vessels according to patent RU No. 2293698, class. B65D 90/10, E02D 29/14, publ. 02.20.2007. The manhole contains a neck with a flange, a bracket and a rotary cover fixed inside the tank, a pressure ring, an o-ring, and a pair of embedded half rings installed in the annular groove of the cover. The pressure ring rests on the outer end of the neck flange. The o-ring is located in the groove on the end surface of the cover. Power closure and sealing of the lid is carried out at the inner end of the flange by tightening the pins of the pressure ring and the embedded half rings. The oval shape of the manhole allows you to install the lid inside the vessel.

In this design, the pressure force of the medium is aimed at compressing the sealing joint of the flange and the cover, which increases the reliability of sealing. But the disadvantage of this device is the high complexity of servicing threaded manhole joints and low adaptability of oval parts.

The invention solves the problem of power circuit and sealing the manhole cover in a short time by means of pressure forces of the medium in the tank and reducing the cost of its manufacture.

The technical result from the use of the invention is to reduce the complexity of the manufacture and operation of the manhole.

The invention is as follows.

The manhole contains a neck with a flange, a swivel bracket fixed to the neck , a cover installed in the bracket, a pressure ring, an o-ring, two movable half rings with internal grooves and a shutter with a latch. To solve this problem, the neck flange is equipped with a cylindrical bore for fitting the cover, o-ring and pressure ring. The cover is mounted in a swivel bracket with the possibility of additional rotation relative to the diametrical axis. An additional rotation of the lid facilitates its insertion into the bore. The pressure ring is equipped with a flange and seated on the cylindrical surface of the cover. A seal ring is placed between the ring collar of the cover and the pressure ring. The swivel bracket is equipped with a lever for preliminary compression of the o-ring. The half rings are fixed on the neck with the possibility of rotation and gripping into the grooves of the flanges of the pressure ring and the neck. The inner grooves of the half rings are rectangular. In the closed position, the half rings are held by a shutter with a lock.

The force closure of the cover occurs under the action of pressure forces of the medium. The deformation of the sealing ring between the collar of the cover, the pressure ring and the cylindrical bore of the flange provides reliable sealing of the manhole.

In an embodiment of the device, the latch 8 is made in the form of a power cylinder with a piston and a rod. The cylinder is placed in the lid so that its piston cavity is connected to the reservoir, and the rod blocks the swivel bracket under the action of pressure of the medium in its extreme position.

Figure 1 presents a General view of the preferred design of the manhole in the closed position, figure 2 - manhole open.

The manhole contains a neck with a flange 1, a rotary bracket 2, a rotary cover 3, an o-ring 4, a pressure ring 5, two movable half rings 6 with internal grooves of rectangular cross-section, shutters 7 and latches 8. The rotary bracket 2 is equipped with a lever 9 for preliminary compression o-ring. In the closed state, the rotary cover, the sealing ring and the pressure ring enter the cylindrical bore of flange 1. The movable half rings are brought together, and their internal grooves cover the flanges of the pressure ring and neck. Butterfly valves 7 and locks 8 hold the half rings 6 from self-opening. The force of the pressure of the medium on the cover is perceived by half rings 6, and the sealing ring is deformed between the shoulder of the cover, the pressure ring and the cylindrical bore of the flange, which ensures reliable sealing of the manhole.

The manhole works as follows.

If it is necessary to open the manhole, the medium is removed from the tank. The clamps 8 are pressed in, the shutters 7 are removed, the sealing ring 4 is pressed with the lever 9 and the half rings 6 are rotated by rotation. Then the lever 9 rotates the bracket and remove the cover 3 with rings 4 and 5 from the flange bore.

After completion of work in the tank, the manhole is closed. Lever 9 rotate the bracket 2 and enter the cover 3 with rings 4 and 5 into the bore of the flange. The pressure on the lever compresses the sealing ring 4 and reduces the half rings 6 by turning until the flanges fit into the groove of the half rings. The shutters 7 are turned, which are blocked by the latches 8.

Industrial applicability of the invention is confirmed by testing a prototype. Manhole production was realized in the conditions of a metalworking plant.

The present invention allows to reduce the cost of manufacturing and maintenance of pressure vessels.

Claims (2)

1. A manhole containing a neck with a flange, a pivoting bracket mounted on the neck, a cover mounted in the bracket, a pressure ring, an o-ring, two movable half rings with internal grooves and a bolt with a lock, characterized in that the neck flange is equipped with a cylindrical bore for landing cover, o-ring and pressure ring, the cover is mounted in a swivel bracket with the possibility of additional rotation relative to the diametrical axis, the pressure ring is equipped with a flange and mounted on a cylinder the lid’s surface is indigenous, the o-ring is placed between the annular collar of the lid and the pressure ring, the swivel bracket is equipped with a pre-compression lever for the o-ring, movable half rings are mounted on the neck with the ability to rotate and grasp the inner grooves of the flanges of the pressure ring and the neck, the inner grooves of the half rings are made of rectangular cross-section. 2. The manhole according to claim 1, characterized in that the latch is made in the form of a power cylinder with a piston and rod, the cylinder is placed in the lid, the piston cavity of the cylinder is connected to the reservoir, and the rod blocks the swivel bracket under the action of pressure of the medium.

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