RU2596680C1 - Locking device for testing high-pressure chamber - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: test equipment.

SUBSTANCE: device is intended for testing high-pressure chambers. Device includes a housing, rotary cover, on which there are bayonet lugs, on threaded part of housing there is a nut with bayonet lugs, which forms with rotary cover bayonet connection, rotary cover is capable of being lowered into housing by means of screw, at end of which it is coaxially fixed by flange to rotate screw relative to said rotary cover, wherein screw is installed in nut fixed on rotary bracket, in top part of rotary cover parallel to its axis of symmetry is mounted a rod, its other end of which enters guide hole in rotary bracket, installed with possibility of rotation on upper part of support, fixed on a base in form of a plate, inside of which with possibility of moving there is a rod with handle in contact by means of needle bearing installed on it, with a screw groove of bracket fixed rigidly on lower end of nut, at locking and unlocking of device capable of reciprocal rotation on housing by a preset angle 30° with reciprocal movement of rod in annular grooves on cylindrical part rotary cover together with split fluoroplastic rings are installed rubber sealing rings of round section with possibility of contact with cylindrical surface of belt on housing.

EFFECT: technical result is enabling testing of articles at required pressure (up to 1000 atm), in a simplified process of closing gate.

1 cl, 5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of engineering and can be used as a quick-action shutter of removable covers for high-pressure test chambers with a maximum internal diameter of 108 mm, which are used in stands for testing products for strength and tightness with an external hydrostatic pressure of up to 1000 atm.

Due to the constant need for machine-building serial production to test parts and assemblies of products for strength and tightness, the requirements for speed, ease of operation, reliability and safety of end valves used in high-pressure test chambers have increased.

The main types of standardized shutters are known: a flange shutter, a clamp shutter and a sector shutter.

The flange bolt consists of a cover and a housing with a flange, interconnected by bolts. The design and dimensions of the flange connection are regulated by GOST 28759.4.

The shutter is sealed with a gasket. For ease of opening the lid, a rotary device is provided in the shutter. Skewing the cover and an incomplete set of bolts is not allowed. The bolts are tightened evenly in several steps, followed by an additional tightening.

Disadvantages of a flange shutter: the ability to “bite” the gasket during assembly, skew the cover when tightening bolts, the need to control the distribution of loads across pairs of bolts, the high complexity of locking and unlocking the shutter due to the significant number of bolt connections, the need for a special tool for the controlled tightening of threaded joints. The flange lock has low reliability due to the possibility of loosening the tightening of bolted joints and, over time, loss of tightness.

The clamp lock contains a housing with a flange, a cover with a flange and two half-clamps. Half-clamps tighten the housing flange and the cover flange using the screw-nut threaded connection. The shutter is sealed by a rubber sealing ring. For ease of maintenance, the lid leans back on a hinge. The safety of the clamp shutter is ensured by a blocking device that excludes the possibility of opening the lid in the presence of pressure in the shutter cavity.

The clamp lock has insufficient reliability due to the difficulty of controlling the tightening force associated with the complex nature of the transmission of forces and the uneven distribution of the contact pressure of the clamp on the housing and cover.

The sector lock contains a flange, a pipe and a cover concave into the pipe with sealing elements, sectors for locking the cover, blocking device of the sectors, drive sectors in the form of a screw-screw-nut pair, a rotary device of the cover. The locking device of the sectors is made in the form of a lever with a mechanism for controlling its movement. The rotary device of the cover is a hinge on the housing of which a gearbox is mounted to facilitate manual rotation of the cover (see patent RU No. 2338960 C1, F16J 13/16, 11.27.2008).

This technical solution has all the disadvantages inherent in flange valves.

The closest analogue (prototype) of the claimed solution is an end bayonet lock (see patent RU No. 2418218, F16J 13/16, 05/10/2011), adopted as a prototype. This end lock is used in the oil and gas industry to provide depressurization and subsequent reliable and safe sealing of pipelines and vessels operating under pressure up to 320 atm. The end closure comprises a hollow body and a hinged lid. The lid is pressed to the housing using a bayonet connection, the contact surfaces of which are made along a helical line. The cover is fixed on the hinged lever, on the ball joint. The rotation of the cap around the axis occurs due to the interaction of a removable gear-wrench mounted on an axis fixed to the housing. The gear wrench interacts with the gear sector mounted on the lid, and has two working sections that provide rotation of the lid in two stages. Locking the rotation of the lid is carried out using the latch associated with the exhaust valve. Tightness is ensured by a seal located in the groove of the housing. The safety of the shutter is ensured by blocking the rotation of the lid, the presence of ledges on the bayonet protrusions of the lid providing final pressure relief, and the design of the gear wrench, which ensures the operator is outside the trajectory of the hinged lid and exits the working medium from the shutter cavity.

The disadvantage of the prototype is that the shutter design does not allow the sealing of vessels operating at pressures above 320 atm (in our case, sealing is required at pressures up to 1000 atm).

The invention solves the problem: improving the operational characteristics and operating efficiency of the shutter.

The technical result obtained by the implementation of the invention is to provide the ability to test products at the required pressure (up to 1000 atm), to simplify the process of closing the shutter, which is important in serial production.

The specified technical result is achieved in that in the shutter device for a high-pressure test chamber containing a housing, a rotary cover with bayonet protrusions, it is new that a nut with bayonet protrusions is installed on the threaded part of the housing, which forms a bayonet coupling with a rotary cover, the rotary cover has the possibility of lowering into the housing with a screw, at the end of which it is coaxially mounted with a flange with the possibility of rotation of the screw relative to this rotary cover, and the screw is installed in a nut mounted on a rotary bracket, a rod is fixed in the upper part of the rotary cover parallel to its axis of symmetry, with its other end entering into the guide hole in the rotary bracket mounted to rotate on the upper part of the rack, fixed on the base in the form of a plate, inside which, with the possibility of movement, is placed a rod with a handle fixed on it that enters into contact, by means of a needle bearing mounted on it, with a screw groove of an arm fixed to a to the bottom end of the nut, when locking and unlocking the shutter device with the possibility of reciprocating rotation on the housing by a predetermined angle of 30 ° during reciprocating movement of the rod, rubber o-rings are installed in the annular grooves on the cylindrical part of the rotary cover together with split fluoroplastic rings sections with the possibility of coming into contact with the cylindrical surface of the girdle on the body.

Providing the device with a pneumatic cylinder in combination with the mechanism for converting linear rod movement to angular movement of the nut allows it to be accurately positioned in extreme positions when locking and unlocking the shutter without physical impact on the part of the operator from the operator, which facilitates its operation and increases reliability.

The use of a rod mounted on the cover as a cylindrical guide, in combination with precise positioning of the nut in the extreme positions, allows the cover to be lifted and lowered into the housing with the guaranteed absence of overlapping bayonet protrusions of the cover and nut on each other and, as a result, there is no jamming of the cover movement , which also increases the reliability of the device.

The use of o-rings as sealing elements in combination with split fluoroplastic rings, which are installed together in grooves on the cylindrical part of the lid, allows the chamber to be sealed at pressures of up to 1000 atm with low wear of the rubber rings.

The presence of a pneumatic distributor that functions as a limit switch, which is activated when the rod in the rack is lowered to the extreme position corresponding to the locked state of the shutter, allows, when the limit switch is turned on in the stand circuit, to allow actions to increase the pressure in the chamber only when the shutter is locked, which increases safety of his work.

Due to the proposed design of the device during its assembly, it is possible to provide a small guaranteed clearance between the bayonet protrusions of the cover and the nut when it is locked, which eliminates the friction load of the bayonet protrusions against each other and their wear when locking the shutter.

Technical solutions with features distinguishing the claimed technical solution from the prototype are not known and do not follow explicitly from the prior art. This suggests that the claimed solution is new and has an inventive step.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where

- FIG. 1 - shutter device for a high pressure test chamber (main view);

- FIG. 2 - shutter device for a high pressure test chamber (top view);

- FIG. 3 - shutter device for a high pressure test chamber (left view);

- FIG. 4 - shutter device for a high pressure test chamber (section B-B),

- FIG. 5 - shutter device for a high pressure test chamber (section G-G).

The shutter device for a test chamber for a high-pressure chamber contains a base 1 in the form of a plate on which a stand 2 is mounted, inside of which there is a rod 3, which, using a cracker 4, is mounted coaxially to the rod of the pneumatic cylinder 5. The pneumatic cylinder 5 is attached to the base 1 with a nozzle 6 underneath stance 2.

On the base 1, a cylindrical test chamber is fixed parallel to the rack 2, the upper part of which is the housing 7 with an opening for loading the test products. On the threaded part of the housing 7, a nut 8 is installed having bayonet protrusions. The nut 8 is installed with the ability to lock the rotary cover 9, having bayonet protrusions and which must be lowered into the housing 7 before locking, when turning it by 30 °.

A rotary bracket 10 is mounted on the upper part of the rack 2 with the ability to freely rotate around its axis by a certain angle, while its movement along this axis is absent due to the cover 11 mounted on the rack 2. A screw 12 is screwed into the cover 11 to limit the angular movement of the rotary bracket 10 relative to the stand 2. At the end of the swivel bracket 10, a nut 13 is installed, which is fixed on it with a screw 14 and a nut 15. A screw 16 is installed in the nut 13 with the possibility of free rotation in it. At one end of the screw 16, a gate 17 is fixed for transmitting torque when manually turning in and out. At the other end of the screw 16, a flange 18 is fixed coaxially with a rotary cover 9 with bayonet protrusions, while the screw 16 is able to freely rotate relative to it.

On the cylindrical part of the cover 9 in the annular grooves are installed rubber rings 19 of circular cross section, which are sealing elements with the possibility of coming into contact with the cylindrical surface of the girdle on the housing 7 when the shutter is locked. Rubber rings 19 are installed in the grooves together with split PTFE rings 20, helping to reduce their wear.

The rod 21 is fixed at one end on the cover 9 parallel to its axis of symmetry with the washer 22 and acts as a cylindrical guide, since the other end enters the guide hole in the pivoting bracket 10, so that when the screw 16 is rotated clockwise, lowering the cover 9 into the housing 7 will occur coaxially without their mutual rotation relative to each other, which will allow the bayonet protrusions of the cover 9 to pass freely, without jamming, between the bayonet protrusions of the nut 8, standing on the housing 7 in the position, respectively current unlocked shutter state. The handle 23 is fixed in the rod 3 by means of a stopper 24 with the possibility of movement in two parallel grooves on the rack 2 and thereby is a guide serving to ensure linear movement of the rod 3 in the rack 2 without their mutual rotation relative to each other. At the end of the handle 23, a needle bearing 25 is installed, which comes into contact with the surface of the screw groove in the bracket 26, mounted on the lower end of the nut 8. The screw groove on the bracket 26, in combination with other structural elements, allows you to convert the linear movement of the rod 3 in the rack 2 in the angular movement of the nut 8 on the housing 7 at an angle of 30 °, necessary to close the bayonet protrusions on the cover 9 and nut 8, and thereby unlock and lock the shutter with the help of a pneumatic cylinder 5, which has a rigid 4. fastened rusk Rusk 4 is mounted in the groove on the rod 3, and transmits to it the force of compressed air acting on the piston and piston rod of the pneumatic cylinder 5.

The lever 27 is movably fixed to the pin 28 in the support 29 mounted on the base 1. In the middle of the lever 27, a screw 30 is screwed perpendicularly to it, which, through the pusher 31 installed in the base 1, acts on the movable lever of the air distributor 32, which is mounted using the bracket 33 on the base one.

The emphasis 34, fixed by a screw 35 and pins 36 on the end surface of the housing 7, serves to provide the necessary orientation of the nut 8 when attaching the bracket 26 to it during the assembly of the device.

The device operates as follows.

Base 1 is mounted on the frame of the test bench. On the base 1, a cylindrical test chamber is also mounted parallel to the rack 2, the upper part of which is the housing 7, through the opening of which the test items are loaded.

Before loading the products, the swivel bracket 10 must be rotated for their free entry into the chamber.

After loading, the swivel bracket 10 is installed in a position in which the cover 9 becomes coaxial to the housing 7. By rotating the gate 17 mounted on the screw 16, manually lower the cover 9 clockwise until the bayonet tabs stop in the end surface of the housing 7. Lower the rotary cover into the housing occurs coaxially, but without their mutual rotation relative to each other, and due to this, the bayonet protrusions on the pivoting cover accurately pass the bayonet protrusions on the nut without touching them one after the other, and With further rotation of the nut relative to the rotary cover, the contact surfaces of these bayonet protrusions do not rub against each other due to the guaranteed clearance between them when the nut is closed, which is ensured during assembly of the device.

By pressing the button controlling the pneumatic cylinder 5, the rod is pushed fully into the pneumatic cylinder 5 and moves the rod 3 located in the rack 2. When the rod 3 is moved to its lowest position, the handle 23 mounted on it acts by means of a needle bearing 25 mounted on it, on the surface of the screw groove in the bracket 26, which is mounted on the lower end of the nut 8, and thereby the nut 8 is rotated on the threaded part of the housing 7 by an angle of 30 °. The bayonet protrusions on the nut 8 are installed opposite the bayonet protrusions on the cover 9, and thus the shutter is locked.

When the rod 3 is lowered in the rack 2 to its lowest position, it acts on the lever 27, which, moving, in turn, transfers the force through the screw 30 and the pusher 31 to the movable lever of the air valve 32, and it triggers at this extreme position of the rod 3 . By actuating the valve 32, a signal is transmitted that the shutter is locked.

Before applying pressure to the chamber by rotating the gate 17 counterclockwise, lift the lid 9 until the bayonet protrusions of the lid 9 and nut 8 come in contact, thereby eliminating the gap between them. This is required so that the force transmitted to the cover 9 when applying pressure is not transmitted through the screw 16 to the swivel bracket 10. Then increase the pressure in the chamber and test the products.

After testing and depressurizing the chamber, screw 16 is turned one clockwise to ensure a clearance between the bayonet protrusions of nut 8 and cover 9, then the button controlling the pneumatic cylinder 5 is pressed, while the rod of the pneumatic cylinder 5 moves in the opposite direction to full stroke, nut 8 is turned, the shutter is unlocked. By rotating the gate 17 manually, counterclockwise lift the cover 9 over the nut 8, then the pivoting bracket 10 with the cover 9 is taken to the side to provide access to the test chamber through the opening of the housing 7.

Claims (1)

A shutter device for a high pressure test chamber, comprising a housing, a rotary cover on which bayonet protrusions are provided, characterized in that a nut with bayonet protrusions is mounted on the threaded part of the housing, forming a bayonet connection with the rotary cover, the rotary cover has the possibility of lowering into the housing by a screw, at the end of which it is coaxially fixed by a flange with the possibility of rotation of the screw relative to this rotary cover, the screw being installed in a nut fixed to the rotary matte, in the upper part of the rotary cover parallel to its axis of symmetry, a rod is fixed, its other end entering the guide hole in the rotary bracket mounted to rotate on the upper part of the rack, mounted on the base in the form of a plate, inside which the rod is mounted with the ability to move on it with a handle that comes into contact, through a needle bearing mounted on it, with a screw groove of the bracket fixed rigidly to the lower end of the nut, when locking and unlocking the shutter of the unit having the possibility of reciprocating rotation on the body by a predetermined angle of 30 ° during reciprocating movement of the rod, rubber O-rings with the possibility of coming into contact with the cylindrical surface of the girdle are installed in the annular grooves on the cylindrical part of the rotary cover together with split fluoroplastic rings on the case.

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