RU2404404C1 - Tank fragmentation-beam missile "kashin" - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: weapons and ammunition. ^ SUBSTANCE: missile comprises a monolithic body, a base plug, a bottom trajectory detonating fuse and an explosive charge. In the ogival part of the missile there is a fragmentation unit. The fragmentation unit is installed on the end surface of the explosive charge and consists of finished destructive agents. The fragmentation unit is arranged with an axial channel filled with the explosive. ^ EFFECT: increased efficiency of missile action. ^ 4 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to ammunition, and more specifically to fragmentation-beam projectiles, creating two fields of destruction - the axial field of the finished striking elements (GGE) and the circular field of fragments of natural fragmentation of the shell.

The shells are designed to defeat tank-hazardous manpower and light equipment, including anti-tank helicopters. Known fragmentation-beam shells contain a shell with a charge of explosive (BB), a fragmentation block located in the head of the projectile and consisting of ready-made striking elements (GGE), a head or bottom impact trajectory fuse.

Currently, tank fragmentation-beam shells are considered as multi-purpose, i.e. they must also ensure the defeat of solid obstacles, including brick and concrete walls of structures, as well as lightly armored vehicles. The overwhelming majority of known designs of fragmentation-beam shells are made with an open front body, a light screw head, or at least a point under the head fuse, i.e. with design features that reduce the strength of the head and prevent stable operation on strong barriers [1, 2].

The most obvious way to eliminate these disadvantages is to use a monolithic body with a screw-in bottom and a bottom fuse. Known 120 mm tank shell XM 1069 "Spotter" [3]. In this case, the main problem is associated with the choice of the configuration of the proportions of the head of the projectile. These proportions should ensure that the following conditions are met:

- the strength of the head during impact into concrete, including reinforced and at an angle;

- stable destruction of the head of the body during the explosion into sufficiently small fragments that do not interfere with the passage of the GGE of the fragmentation block in the axial direction;

- the exception of the "dead angle" between the axial field of the GGE and the circular field of fragments of natural crushing of the body.

Known tank fragmentation-beam projectile (prototype), containing a monolithic body filled with a charge of explosives and equipped with a screw-in bottom and a bottom trajectory fuse, while in the front of the projectile is a fragmentation block consisting of ready-made striking elements [4].

In this design, the solidity of the body and block allows you to ensure the strength of the head during impact into concrete, including reinforced and at an angle. However, to ensure free passage of the GGE flow of the fragmentation block of the casing and the exclusion of the "dead angle", another design of the head part is required.

The problem to which the present invention is directed, is the creation of a projectile with a more effective back-off action by providing free passage of the GGE stream of the fragmentation block of the body and eliminating the "dead angle".

The technical result from the use of the invention is to increase the effectiveness of the projectile for tank hazardous targets and to increase the survival of the tank on the battlefield.

The problem is solved, and the technical result is achieved by the fact that in the well-known tank fragmentation-beam projectile containing a monolithic body filled with a charge of explosive and equipped with a screw-in bottom and a bottom trajectory fuse, while in the front of the projectile there is a fragmentation block consisting of ready-made striking elements, according to the invention in the fragmentation block made axial channel filled with explosive material, connected to the explosive charge of the body.

In the preferred embodiment (claim 2 of the formula), the projectile is designed so that the ratio of the radius came to life to the caliber is 1.3 ... 1.5, the ratio of the wall thickness of the head to the caliber is within 0.12 ... 0.15, the ratio of the axial diameter the channel of the fragmentation unit to the caliber is 0.1 ... 0.2, and the ratio of the height of the fragmentation unit to the caliber is in the range of 0.8 ... 1.1.

Under these conditions, unhindered passage of the fragmentation block through the expanding conical part of the housing is ensured.

In one embodiment (claim 3 of the formula), the shell of the projectile is made of low alloy chrome steel with heat treatment, the yield strength of which is at least 500 MPa, the relative narrowing at break of at least 0.3, and the impact strength of at least 500 kJ / m ² .

In one embodiment (claim 4 of the formula), the shell equipment is made with a high-explosive explosive based on RDX or HMX, in particular a plastisol based on RDX or HMX, with a density of at least 1700 kg / m ³ and a detonation speed of at least 8000 m / from.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, disclosing the essence of the invention, where in Fig.1 illustrates a General view of a tank fragmentation-beam projectile, and in Fig.2 - the main dimensions of the warhead.

The projectile contains a housing 1, filled with a charge of explosives 2 and in front of a fragmentation unit 3, consisting of ready-made striking elements. In the block, an axial channel 4 is made, filled with an explosive charge. A bottom 5 is attached to the bottom of the projectile with a drop-down blade stabilizer 6 provided with an axial channel 7. In general, the explosive in the axial channel is different from the explosive charge 2. A trajectory-impact fuse 8 is installed on the inside of the bottom.

The body is made of low-alloy chromium steel, for example, type 40X, 45X with heat treatment, which provides the following mechanical properties: yield strength σ _{0.2 of} at least 500 MPa, relative narrowing at break of at least 0.3, impact strength KCV of at least 500 kJ / m ² . The possibility of local heat treatment of the middle and rear zones of the housing is provided in order to obtain more fragile properties in these zones that provide acceptable crushing.

As a promising direction, equipment with filling with bottom plastisol compositions [4] based on the same explosives is considered. The main advantage of plastisol compositions is their high ductility, which ensures the absence of brittle fracture from the pressing inertial action of the fragmentation block during firing, which eliminates premature operation.

Figure 2 presents the configuration and main dimensions of the head part. Here, δ ₀ is the thickness of the head part, d _p is the diameter of the charge of the expander, and N is the height of the block.

The optimal proportions R / d ₀ , δ ₀ / d ₀ , d _p / d ₀ , H / d ₀ are selected according to the criterion of the maximum total probability of defeating a tank-dangerous target located, respectively, in an open area (i = l), in the trench (path gap , i = 2) or in a structure (impact gap after penetration, i = 3)

), Р_i(Н_i)- условный закон поражения. Исходили из ряда утверждений, а именно: увеличение относительного радиуса оживала R/d₀ (до определенной величины) приводит к улучшению условий для проникания снаряда в плотные среды, а дальнейшее увеличение (общая длина снаряда фиксирована) приводит к уменьшению объема, занимаемого зарядом ВВ и осколочным блоком; увеличение относительной толщины стенки δ₀/d₀, с одной стороны, приводит к уменьшению вероятности разрушения головной части снаряда (при проникании в бетон), а с другой стороны - ухудшению условий для запреградного действия, так как затрудняет свободный проход ГПЭ; увеличение относительного диаметра d_p//d₀ заряда-расширителя создает условия для свободного прохода ГПЭ, но приводит к уменьшению объема, занимаемого осколочным блоком; увеличение относительной длины блока H/d₀ приводит к увеличению его массы, но одновременно и к снижению скорости метания ГПЭ.where H _i - the probability of a given location of the target (hypothesis

), Р _i (Н _i ) - the conditional law of defeat. We proceeded from a number of statements, namely: an increase in the relative radius came to life R / d ₀ (up to a certain value) leads to an improvement in the conditions for penetration of the projectile into dense media, and a further increase (the total length of the projectile is fixed) leads to a decrease in the volume occupied by the explosive charge and fragmentation block; an increase in the relative wall thickness δ ₀ / d ₀ , on the one hand, leads to a decrease in the probability of destruction of the head of the projectile (when penetrating concrete), and on the other hand, to a deterioration of the conditions for backward action, since it makes it difficult to pass the GGE; an increase in the relative diameter d _{p /} / d _{0 of the} charge expander creates conditions for the free passage of the GGE, but leads to a decrease in the volume occupied by the fragmentation block; an increase in the relative length of the block H / d ₀ leads to an increase in its mass, but at the same time to a decrease in the speed of the GGE throwing.

The fragmentation spectrum of the hull was calculated according to the Weibull model, the expansion was modeled using the Hephaestus R-Z program, the efficiency of the axial flow of the GGE was calculated according to the Osuga program. Studies have shown that the maximum value of the total probability is realized in the following ranges:

R / d ₀ = 1.3 ... 1.5; d _p / d ₀ = 0.1 ... 0.2; δ ₀ / d ₀ = 0.12 ... 0.15; H / d ₀ = 0.8 ... 1.1.

In this case, the execution of a projectile for a tank shot from a gun D81 with dimensions in proportions is shown, according to figure 1.

Finished damaging elements of the fragmentation block are made of steel or a heavy alloy, for example, based on tungsten. It is advisable to perform GGE in the form of cubes or hexagonal prisms. In a trajectory explosion, small fragments of the hull do not impede the passage of the GGE to the target.

Literary sources

1. RU No. 2018779, publ. 1994.

2. DE 19648355 A1.

3. US 6983 J. Fridberg, NDIA Fuze Conference, Seattle Wasington, April 2005.

4. RU No. 2353895 (prototype), MKI ⁸ F42B 12/00, publ. 2009.04.27.

Claims (4)

1. Tank fragmentation-beam projectile containing a monolithic body, equipped with a screw-in bottom, a bottom trajectory fuse and equipped with a charge of explosive, while in the animated part there is a fragmentation block consisting of ready-made striking elements and placed on the end surface of the explosive charge, characterized in that the fragmentation block is made with an axial channel filled with explosive. 2. The projectile according to claim 1, characterized in that the ratio of the radius came to life to the caliber is 1.3 ... 1.5, the ratio of the wall thickness of the head to the caliber is within 0.12 ... 0.15, the ratio of the diameter of the axial channel to the caliber is 0.1 ... 0.2, and the ratio of the height of the fragmentation unit to the caliber in the range of 0.8 ... 1.1. 3. A projectile according to any one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the projectile body is made of low alloy chrome steel with heat treatment, the yield strength of which is at least 500 MPa, the relative narrowing at break of at least 0.3, and the impact strength of at least 500 kJ / m 4. A projectile according to any one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the shell is equipped with a high-explosive explosive based on RDX or HMX, in particular a plastisol based on RDX or HMX, with a density of at least 1700 kg / m ³ and a detonation speed not lower than 8000 m / s.

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