RU2388636C2 - Microprocessor-based automatic interlocking system - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transport.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to automatic hardware to control train traffic intervals. Proposed system comprises railway traffic dispatching station, computer-aided work stations with independent PCs to control system operation, units to control floor signal transducers, local transmission systems, I/O units, protection units, two channels to process signals from axle count units with path control transducers and floor signal transducers, circuit to generate automatic locomotive signaling signals, unit of stationary devices of electric centralisation, circuit to control availability of signaling readings at input traffic light, circuit to control availability of clear signal to access main running line, circuit to control availability of clear signal to access side running line, circuit to control availability staff at station supervisor control board, relay to control openness of the first remote section and first protection section behind the first remote line at traffic light, relay to control openness of second remote section and first protection section behind the second remote traffic light, remote monitoring unit, main and standby station computing units, first and second differential units. First group of outputs of the main and standby station computing units makes the group of outputs to points of connection to code transmission rail circuit via automatic locomotive signaling circuit. Second group of outputs of the main and standby station computing devices makes the groups of actuating outputs to connect the traffic light lamps cut-in circuits.

EFFECT: higher fail-safety at stations and station limits.

3 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to automatic means of interval regulation of train traffic on the hauls of mainline railway transport with any type of train traction, with the movement of passenger trains with centralized power supply, including in areas equipped with centralized dispatching devices.

Priority in the development of such systems is given to the issues of their safe functioning. To this end, work is underway to improve the circuit and algorithmic solutions used in the development.

The well-known developments of Moscow State University of Railway Engineering are: AB-CHKE microprocessor-based system of numeric code auto-blocking, designed to monitor the conditions of rail lines and transmit information between outdoor signal points; control the lights of outdoor traffic lights according to traffic safety conditions; generating signals of automatic locomotive signaling systems (ALS) and a numerical code; transmitting to the station data on the train position on the haul and diagnostics of the equipment of the signaling points of automatic blocking (found on the Internet: http: nilatm.miit.ru);

unified microprocessor-based automatic locking system AB-UE, made on a modern microprocessor-based elemental base. The equipment includes: a transceiver of signals for monitoring the status of rail lines and a protection and coordination device. Information between the signal points is transmitted along the rail line (ibid.);

microprocessor-based self-locking system with decentralized equipment and rail circuits without isolating joints AB-E2, designed to control the integrity and freeness of the rail track, transmit information between signal points about the state of rail lines, control the indications of traffic lights under traffic safety conditions, and also to transmit information at the station about the train position on the stage and the state of the equipment of the signal points (ibid.).

A high level of security of the developed systems is ensured by:

highly reliable microelectronic element base;

the modular principle of building hardware;

redundancy of modules performing critical functions on the principle of "2 of 2", tight synchronization of redundant modules;

one-way failure control circuitry that compares redundant module signals;

noise-resistant control signal detection methods;

software for diagnosing equipment in the process of its operation;

use of a remote control system for transmitting diagnostic information and data on a train situation;

operative identification and elimination of a precautionary state when a failure of one of the redundant modules is diagnosed (ibid.).

A three-channel device for controlling executive relay blocks is known, which contains pulse signal sources, power supplies, executive relay blocks, control signal source blocks, output keys, output key control devices, three information collection modules, three processor blocks and three memory blocks (RF patent for invention No. 2292113, H03R 19/23, B61L 19/14).

A known system for collecting, converting and processing measurement information, comprising two blocks of a communication channel with peripheral equipment, sensors, a central control and processing device, switches, a control unit for switches, analog-to-digital converters and an input-output channel associated with a central control and processing unit , the outputs of the sensors are connected to the corresponding inputs of the switches, the control inputs of which are connected to the outputs of the control unit of the switches, and the outputs of the switches are connected to the analog ogo-digital converters (RF patent for the invention №2118848, G06F 17/40).

There is a known method of controlling a duplicated system with a delay, which consists in receiving the information sequence of pulses, processing it in the main and backup channels of the system in accordance with the established function, delaying the processed information sequences of pulses, evaluating the operability of channels, blocking a faulty channel and connecting a working channel to the system output ( RF patent for the invention of the Russian Federation No. 2147162, H05K 10/10).

A known two-channel system for regulating the movement of railway vehicles, containing two processor sets operating synchronously according to the same program, a built-in hardware control circuit to which these processor sets are connected and which is designed to compare the operation of processor sets and the impact on the operation of the system if one of the sets defective. The system is a monoblock design and has a multi-module structure, which includes a central processor module consisting of the two processor sets, at least one interface module for collecting information about the state of railway station control objects and adjacent hauls, interface modules for generating control signals acting to actuators of electrical centralization, and interface modules for transmitting critical commands. All modules are interconnected by a system bus, which consists of two identical buses, each of which is connected to the corresponding processor set (RF patent for the invention No. 2286279, B612L 27/00, G06F 11/00) - prototype.

The objective of the invention is to expand the functionality and increase the fault tolerance of the system for monitoring the state of a large number of objects at stations and stages with the possibility of implementing control functions, self-locking, as well as increasing the stability of its operation by using the transition to a state of protective shutdown or protective failure in the modules intended for implementation responsible teams.

To solve this problem, a microprocessor-based self-locking system is proposed based on the principle of counting the axles of rolling stock, containing a dispatching station for train traffic, automated workstations (AWS) with decentralized personal computers to control the system, control units for floor-mounted signal converters (NPS), local systems ( LS) transmissions, input-output blocks, protection blocks (БЗ), two signal processing channels of axle counting units (BSO) with track sensors (PD) and NPS, moreover, in each BSO, the output of the PD is connected to the input of the NPS, the output of the NPS in each BSO is the information input of the BSO, a circuit for generating ALS signals transmitted to stationary rail circuits (RC) in the departure routes, characterized in that a block of station devices for electrical centralization is introduced into it (BEC), the control circuit for the presence of signal indications at the input traffic light, the control circuit for the presence of an enable signal at the input traffic signal on the main path, the control circuit for the presence at the input traffic light of an enable signal at b the way, the circuit for monitoring the presence of the key-rod in the station duty officer (DSP), the relay for controlling the freedom of the first removal section and the first protective section for the first traffic light to be removed, the relay for monitoring the freedom of the second removal section and the first protective section for the second removal passage a traffic light, a remote monitoring unit, the main and backup fast decision units (PRB), the first differential unit (DB), the second DB, and the first, second and third inputs of the BEC are connected to the output of the signal conditioning circuit in the ALS, in the departure routes and with the first outputs, the relay for monitoring the freedom of the first removal section and the first protective section for the first traffic light to be removed and the relay for monitoring the freedom of the second removal section and the first protective section for the second removal traffic light, respectively, the first, second and third outputs The BECs are connected to the inputs of the control circuit for the presence of signal indications at the input traffic light, the control circuit for the presence of an enable signal at the input traffic light for the main path, and the control circuit for the presence at the input traffic light of the enable signal on the side path, respectively, the outputs of the control circuit for the presence of signal readings at the input traffic light, the presence control circuit at the input traffic light of the enable signal for the main path, the control circuit for the presence at the input traffic light of the enable signal for the side path, circuit the presence of the key-rod in the chipboard apparatus, the input of the ALS signal generation circuit in the departure routes, the input of the relay for controlling the freedom of the first removal section and the first protective section after the first one the passage of the traffic light and the input of the relay for monitoring the freedom of the second removal section and the first protective section for the second passing removal of the traffic light are connected to the first inputs and outputs of the main and backup PRB, the second outputs of the relay for monitoring the freedom of the first section of removal and the first protective section for the first removal of the passing traffic light and the relay for controlling the freedom of the second removal section and the first protective section behind the second through-passing traffic light are connected to the first and second inputs of the remote control, respectively DSP board, the input-output of which is connected to the first inputs and outputs of the main and backup PRB, the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth and seventh inputs and outputs of the LAN are connected to the input-output of the second AWP, the input-output of the remote monitoring unit, the second and third inputs and outputs of the main and backup PRB, respectively, the first group of outputs of the main and backup PRB is the group of outputs to the points of connection to the rail code transmission circuit through the ALS, the first and second outputs of the main and backup PRB are connected to the inputs of the first o and the second DB, respectively, the inputs and outputs of which are connected to the inputs and outputs of the first and second BZ, respectively, the third and fourth outputs of the main and backup PRB are outputs for connecting the coding circuit of station RCs in the departure routes and input circuits of the equipment of the dedicated communication channel, respectively, the second the group of outputs of the main and backup PRB is the group of executive outputs for connecting the switching circuit of the lamps of traffic lights, the input of the main and backup PRB are the inputs from the circuits aratury dedicated channel connection with the PWB placed at the second station, the partition distilled.

The microprocessor-based self-locking system is also characterized in that the primary and backup PRBs each contain: an information input port, first and second microcontrollers (MK), an uninterruptible power supply unit (UPS), an electronic key block (BEC), first, second and third modems, an enable unit a relay (BVR), and in each PRB the input of the information input port is the information input of the PRB, the input-output of the information input port is connected to the inputs and outputs of the BEC, the first, second and third modems and the BVR, the first inputs and outputs of the first and second MK are inputs - communication outputs with the LAN, and the second inputs and outputs of the first and second MK are connected to the inputs and outputs of the BEC, the first, second and third modems and BVR, the output of the UPS is the uninterruptible power supply of the PRB equipment and is connected to the input circuits of the units included in the PRB, including modems.

The microprocessor system is also characterized in that the information outputs of the main and backup BSO are connected to the information inputs of the main and backup PRB.

Figure 1 shows a block diagram of a microprocessor self-locking system; figure 2 is a block diagram of the main PRB; figure 3 is a block diagram of a backup PRB; figure 4 - shows a mnemonic of the stage.

The drawings show: 1 - BEC, 2 - control circuit for the presence of signal indications at the input traffic light, 3 - control circuit for the presence of an enable signal at the input traffic signal to the main path, 4 - control circuit for the presence at the input traffic light of an enable signal for reception on the side path, 5 - a control circuit for the presence of the key-rod in the DSP apparatus; 6 - a circuit for generating ALS signals transmitted to station RCs in the departure routes; 7 - a relay for controlling the freedom of the first removal section and the first protective section for the first traffic light to be removed m, 8 - relay for monitoring the freedom of the second removal section and the first protective section behind the second passing traffic light by removal, 9 - first automated workplace, 10 - chipboard remote display, 11 - second automated workplace, 12 - remote monitoring unit, 13 - LS, 14 - PRB, 15 - backup PRB, 16 - the first DB, 17 - the second DB, 18 - the first BZ, 19 - the second BR, 20 - the data input port of the main PRB, 21 - the first MC of the main PRB, 22 - the second MK of the main PRB, 23 - BPL core PWB, Jan. ₂₄ - 24n - BEC core PWB, 25, 26 and 27 - first, second and third respectively modems core PWB, January ₂₈ -28m - PLS main PWB 29 - input port Item mation backup PWB, 30 and 31 - respectively, the first and second backup MK PSR 32 - BBP backup PWB 33 ₁ -33n - BEC backup PWB, 34, 35 and 36 - first, second and third respectively modems backup PWB 37 ₁ - 37m - relay activation units of the backup PRB, 38 ₁ -38 ₉ - BSO, 39 ₁ -39 ₉ - main PD, 40 ₁ -40 ₉ - backup PD, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47 and 48 - traffic lights.

The system operates as follows.

The initial state

In the initial state, the stage is free of rolling stock. All system blocks are operational and turned on, ALS signals are not transmitted to the rail lines of block sections. The exit traffic lights of stations A and B in the direction of the stage are closed, no maneuvers on the way in the odd neck of station A and the even neck of station B are made.

The green lights of passing traffic lights are turned on in the set direction of movement; the lights of the passing traffic lights of the opposite direction are extinguished.

On the display panel (PI), the chipboards of both stations are switched on in continuous light mode:

- indicators of the free / busy state of the green stage (red indicators are off);

- indicators of the open state of traffic lights passing white;

- indicators of the established direction of movement of yellow;

- indicator of the absence of a precautionary state of the yellow auto-lock devices.

In the memory of the NPS as part of BSO 38 ₁ -38 ₉ information is stored on the number of axles that have previously been traced.

PRB 14 and 15 cyclically interrogate BSO 38 ₁ -38 ₉ equipment (interrogation cycle - two seconds, no more) and receive information about the number of axes from them. PRB record the free movement and turn on the power of the signal relay windings. Through the front contacts of the signal relays, the inclusion circuits of the green lights of the passing traffic lights in the currently established direction of movement are formed. In addition, under the current there are windings of the relay monitoring the state of freedom of the first and second sections of approach to stations A and B.

In the event of failure or malfunction of the equipment of one of the BSO, as well as in the case of unauthorized dismantling of the PD by unauthorized persons, the PRB detects the fact of a failure or malfunction and turns on the corresponding indication on the chipboard PI: the Fault indicator in yellow turns to blinking operation mode. At the same time, the operability of the self-locking devices is maintained due to the backup BSO that is operational or functioning without failure. The fact of a failure, failure or dismantling of the PD is recorded according to the results of processing the data received from the failed BSO, as well as in the absence of a response from this BSO in the polling cycle. Detailed information about the failure appears on the monitor of the AWS of an electromechanic.

Even train skip mode

Station attendants (DSP), having ascertained that the drive is free according to the indications of the corresponding indicators, establish an even direction of movement by coordinating pressing the corresponding buttons on the DSP panel display at stations A and B.

Chipboard station A sets the departure route, opens the corresponding output signal. In the enable circuit of the permissive indication of the output traffic light, the freedom of the first removal section and the protective section behind the first traffic light passing along the even train is controlled. The indications of the output traffic light depend on the free state of the second removal section and the protective section behind the second passing traffic light 44 along the even train, since in the initial state the stage is free, the green light turns on at the output signal.

The corresponding relay BEC 24, receiving control pulses from the PRB, operates in the code mode corresponding to the green light of the locomotive traffic light. The contacts of the corresponding BEC 24 relays form the transmission chains of the ALS codes to the station RC along the route of the given chipboard route. The bit depth of the transmitted code depends on the current states of the first and second deletion sections, as well as the protective sections behind the first and second pass-through traffic lights 45 and 44, respectively, in an even move.

From the moment the first axis of the train enters the track sensors PD39 ₁ , PD 40 _{1, the} PRB includes the transmission of ALS signals from the connection point 38 ₃ , controlling the operation of the corresponding BEC 24 relay. The bit depth of the ALS code generated by the PRB depends on the current state in front of the lying block sections and the protective sections behind the traffic lights 45, 44 and 47. At the PI DSP station A and station B, the red indicators of the busy section of the train and the red indicators of the busy first block of the block section of the section are turned on. White indicators of the same name go out.

After the first axis of the train enters the track sensors PD39 ₃ , PD40 ₃ , the ALS signal transmission from the connection point 38 _{3 is} turned off and the transmission of codes from the connection point 38 _{5 is} turned _on . The order of operation of the devices during further movement of the train to the ninth point of the account is similar to the above.

From the moment the first axis of the train enters over the track sensors PD39 ₉ , PD40 _{9, the} PRB of station A disables the transmission of ALS signals from the connection point 38 ₉ . At the same time, the PRB of station B includes the transmission of ALS codes from the connection point 38 ₉ , controlling the operation of the corresponding BEC 24 relay. The bit depth of the ALS code generated by the PRB depends on the current state of the forward-facing second and first approximation block sections, the protective section behind the traffic light 47, and from the testimony of the input traffic light 46 of station B and the integrity of the red light lamp thread of the input traffic light 46. At the PI DSP of station A and station B, the red indicators of the second business of approaching station B. White indicators of the same name go out.

After the first axis of the train enters over the travel sensors PD39 ₈ , PD40 ₈ , the ALS signal transmission from the connection point 38 _{8 is} turned off and the transmission of codes from the connection point 39 _{6 is} turned _on . The indications of the traffic light 47, as well as the bit depth of the code transmitted towards the train, depend on the state of the first section of approach to station B, as well as on the indications of the input traffic light of station B

From the moment the first axis of the train enters behind the PD39 ₆ PRB station sensor, station B disables the transmission of ALS signals from the connection point 39 ₆ and turns on the transmission of ALS codes from the connection point 39 ₄ , controlling the operation of the corresponding BEC 24 relay. The bit depth of the ALS code generated by the PRB depends on testimony of the input traffic light 46 of station B. In the event of a break in the chain of the filament of the red light lamp of the input traffic light 46, the coding of the first section of approach to station B is not carried out. At the PI DSP of stations A and B, red indicators of employment of the first section of approaching to the station are turned on. B. White indicators of the same name go out.

After the last axis of the train passes beyond PD39 ₁ , PD40 ₁ and PD39 ₃ , PD40 _{3, the} BSO blocks of the corresponding NPS record in their memory the number of axes of the next train and transmit the corresponding information to the PRB of station A. The PRB compares the received data. If the numbers obtained are equal to each other, the first track section is considered free. After releasing the first block section and the protective section behind the traffic light 45 at station A, a corresponding relay is activated that monitors the freedom of the first block section. From this moment, after the first train, the second one can be sent - according to the yellow indication of the output traffic light.

After the liberation of the second block section of the drive along the even stroke and the protective section behind the traffic light 44 at the station A, the corresponding relay is activated. From this moment, the station attendant can send the next train using the green signal of the output traffic light.

After passing the last axis of the train for the controlled sections, the BSO 38 ₁ , 38 ₃ , 38 ₅ , 38 ₇ and 38 ₉ blocks record in their memory the number of axes of the train that followed and transmit the corresponding information to the PRB of station A.

Artificial restoration (AI) of the initial state of the PRB is carried out with virtually free haul by means of coordinated pressing by duty officers at stations limiting the haul of the corresponding buttons on the panel-board of the chipboard. IW is performed after the end of the maintenance or repair of the equipment, carried out with the termination of the automatic locking devices.

All BSO units are included in closed circuits formed by cable lines between the NPS, as well as between the NPS and the PRB. The information received by the BSO units is transmitted along the conductors of signaling and interlocking cables to the PRB in two directions, along the forward and reverse branches of cable loops; the same cables from two independent power sources located in the PRB provide power to the PS NPS units. In addition to counting the number of axles, the NPS units control the correct position of the sensors relative to the rail head. In the event of a change in the position of any of the sensors, the corresponding NPS unit goes into a protective state, in which the transmission of information to the PRB stops. The specified switching occurs automatically in the event of a failure or malfunction of the PRB 14. In this case, the system is operable due to a working PRB 15. The reverse switching also occurs automatically after eliminating the causes of the failure and subsequent artificial restoration of the initial state of the PRB 14. In the event of a malfunction, PRB15 with a working PRB14, on the panel-board of the chipboard, the indicator of the precautionary state of the system is turned on.

Claims (3)

1. A microprocessor-based self-locking system based on the principle of counting the axles of rolling stock, containing a dispatch control station for trains, automated workstations with decentralized personal computers to control the system, control units for floor-standing signal converters, local transmission systems, input-output units, protection units, two signal processing channels for axle counting units with track sensors and floor-mounted signal converters, and in each axle counting unit the travel sensor travel is connected to the input of the floor-standing signal converter, the output of which in each axle counting unit is the information input of the axle counting unit, a circuit for generating signals of automatic locomotive signaling transmitted to stationary rail circuits in the departure routes, characterized in that the unit of station devices electric centralization, a circuit for controlling the presence of signal indications at the input traffic light, a circuit for monitoring the presence of an enable signal at the input traffic light at the head the clear path, the control circuit for the presence of an enable signal at the input traffic signal on the side path, the control circuit for the presence of the key-rod in the apparatus of the station duty officer (DSP) of the free-flow monitoring relay of the first removal section and the first protective section of the first passing traffic light, the free-flow monitoring relay the second removal section and the first protective section behind the second passing traffic light, the remote monitoring unit, the main and backup guard decision units, the first differential unit, the second differential the first unit, and the first, second and third inputs of the electric centralization unit are connected to the output of the automatic locomotive signaling signal generation circuit in the departure routes, and to the first outputs of the free-flow monitoring relay of the first removal section and the first protective section of the first traffic light and free-flow relay the second removal section and the first protective section behind the second passing traffic light, respectively, the first, second and third outputs of the electric center unit lizings are connected to the inputs of the control circuit for the presence of signal indications at the input traffic light, the circuit for monitoring the presence of an enable signal at the input traffic signal for the main path and the control circuits for the presence of an enable signal for the reception signal at the input traffic path, the outputs of the control circuit for the presence of signal indications at the input traffic light, control circuits for the presence of an enable signal at the input traffic light for the main path, control circuits for the presence at the input traffic light for an allow signal for reception on the side path, chains There is a key-rod in the DSP apparatus, the input of the automatic locomotive signaling signal generation circuit in the departure routes, the input of the freelance control relay of the first removal section and the first protective section of the first traffic light to be removed, and the input of the freedom control relay of the second removal section and the first protective section of the second for removal by a passing traffic light are connected to the first inputs and outputs of the main and reserve fasting decision blocks, the second outputs of the relay for controlling the freeness of the first section of the first protective section behind the first passing traffic light and the relay for controlling the freedom of the second removal section and the first protective section behind the second passing traffic light are connected to the first and second inputs of the DSP panel-board, the input-output of which is connected to the first inputs and outputs main and backup fasting decision blocks, the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth and seventh inputs and outputs of the communication line are connected to the input-output of the second workstation, input-output a remote monitoring unit, the second and third inputs and outputs of the main and backup fasting decision blocks, the first group of outputs of the main and backup fasting decision blocks is a group of outputs to the points of connection to the rail code transmission circuit through automatic locomotive signaling, the first and second outputs of the main and backup fasting decision blocks are connected to the inputs of the first and second differential blocks, respectively, the inputs and outputs of which are connected to the inputs and outputs of the first and W Of the respective protection units, the third and fourth outputs of the main and reserve fasting decision blocks are outputs for connecting the coding circuit of the station rail circuits in the departure routes and input circuits of the equipment of the dedicated communication channel, respectively, the second group of outputs of the main and reserve fasting critical blocks are groups of executive outputs for connecting the switching circuit of the traffic light lamps, the input of the main and backup fasting decision blocks are the inputs from the circuits atura of a dedicated communication channel with fasting decisive blocks located at the second station protecting the stage. 2. The microprocessor-based self-locking system according to claim 1, characterized in that the primary and backup fast decision units each contain an input port for information, the first and second microcontrollers, an uninterruptible power supply unit, an electronic key unit, the first second and third modems, and a relay enable unit, in each fasting decision block, the input of the information input port is the information input of the fasting decision block, the input-output of the information input port is connected to the inputs and outputs of the electronic key block, the first, second and third mo of the units and the relay enable unit, the first inputs and outputs of the first and second microcontrollers are communication inputs and outputs, and the second inputs and outputs of the first and second microcontrollers are connected to the inputs and outputs of the electronic key block, the first, second and third modems and the relay enable unit, output the uninterruptible power supply unit is the output of uninterruptible power supply of the equipment of the fasting resolver and is connected to the input circuits of the units that make up the fasting resolving device, including modems. 3. The microprocessor-based self-locking system according to claim 1, characterized in that the information outputs of the main and backup axle counting units are connected to the information inputs of the main and standby guards.

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