RU2381330C1 - Electro-hammer - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction industry.

SUBSTANCE: invention refers to construction industry, for example for driving of building units. Electro-hammer contains casing with stator, anchor-head, anvil block with inertia absorber; electro-hammer is provided with connecting branch with hydraulic lines, hydro-gas-charged accumulator and interface element located in electro-hammer casing, in its lower part; and anchor-head is installed on anvil designed as piston of major diametre equal to inner diametre of casing of electro-hammer, this anvil is connected by rod to piston of minor diametre placed in hydraulic cylinder of minor diametre. This hydraulic cylinder of minor diametre is installed on hydraulic cylinder of major diametre with piston which lower plane is connected by its rod to anvil block installed on driven pile, at that formed upper cavity of hydraulic cylinder of minor diametre is connected by hydraulic line to lower cavity of hydraulic cylinder of major diametre and to hydro-gas-charged accumulator, and lower part of hydraulic cylinder of minor diametre is connected by its hydraulic line to connecting branch with check valve.

EFFECT: enhancement of reliability of electro-hammer operation.

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Description

The invention relates to the mining and construction industries and can be used to immerse heavy reinforced concrete piles or piles of shells.

Known electric hammer containing a housing with a three-phase stator winding of a linear induction motor, in which with the possibility of reciprocating movement mounted anchor-striker, dampers with shock absorber [Patent No. 2315181, Malakhov A.P. Publ. 01/20/2008, Bull. No. 2].

But in this electric hammer, as a result of a direct hit by an anchor-striker against the submarine and then through the shock absorber on the pile, frequent destruction of these elements and the pile itself occurs, which leads to unreliable operation of the entire electric hammer.

Closest to the proposed invention in technical essence and the achieved result is an electric hammer [Patent No. 2282029 RU, Malakhov AP, Anosov VN, Glazyrin MV Publ. 08/20/2006, Bull. No. 23], which is a prototype and containing a housing with a three-phase stator winding, in which the anchor-striker is movably mounted, resting on a chamber of high air pressure in the upper part of the shock absorber with a shock absorber.

The disadvantage of this device is the lack of a matching element between the anchor and the submerged pile, which leads to unreliable operation of the electric hammer.

The objective of the invention is to increase the reliability of the electric hammer.

This task is achieved by the fact that in the electric hammer containing a housing with a stator, an anchor-striker, dampers with a shock absorber, a fitting with hydraulic conduits, a hydro-gas accumulator, a matching element, which is located in the electric hammer's case in its lower part, are introduced, and the anchor-striker is mounted on the anvil made in the form of a piston through a rod connected to a piston of a smaller diameter and placed in a hydraulic cylinder of a smaller diameter, which is mounted on a hydraulic cylinder of a larger diameter with a piston of a larger diameter, the lower plane of which is own com is connected with Chabauty mounted on a pile, wherein the cavity formed by upper small diameter hydraulic line of the hydraulic cylinder is connected with the lower cavity of the larger diameter cylinder and gidrogazovym battery, and the lower portion of smaller diameter cylinder to its associated hydraulic line with a check valve with a choke.

The drawing shows a longitudinal section of the proposed electric hammer.

The electric hammer consists of an anchor-striker 1, body 2 with a stator with a cylindrical lower part, in which anvil 3 is placed with a matching element in the form of a piston with a rod 4 and a piston of a smaller diameter 5, placed in a hydraulic cylinder of a smaller diameter 6, with its lower part mounted on the hydraulic cylinder of a larger diameter 7 with a piston of a larger diameter 8, with its rod in the lower part 9 connected to the drill 10, mounted directly on the immersed element 11.

The upper part 12 is mounted movably relative to the electric hammer body, installed with its lower part on the shock absorber 13, which is laid on the stage 10 mounted on the pile 11. The upper cavity 14 of the smaller diameter cylinder and the lower cavity of the larger diameter cylinder 15 are connected by a hydraulic conductor 16, which is also connected by a hydraulic conduit 17 to a hydrogas accumulator 18 of increased pressure, and the lower part of a smaller cylinder is also connected by a hydraulic conduit 19 through a check valve 20 to orazemnym fitting (not shown), the cavity 21 between the piston of smaller diameter 5 and 8 of larger diameter filled with pressurized fluid.

The device operates as follows.

An electric hammer with a step 10 with a guide upper part 12 is mounted on the pile to be immersed 11. In this case, the electric hammer body 2 lowers onto the shock absorber with its lower part 13. Previously, the cavities 14 and 15 are filled with high pressure liquid from the hydrogas accumulator 18 and the piston 5 the hydraulic cylinder 6 with the rod 4 anvil 3 rises the anchor-pin 1 on the inner surface of the housing 2 and occupies the upper pre-shock position. The cavity 21 through the hydraulic conduit 19 with the check valve 20 through the nozzle is also filled with high-pressure liquid.

When a variable frequency power supply is applied to the stator of the housing 2, the striker 1 begins to create reciprocating movements, striking the anvil 3, from which shock pulses through the rod 4 are transmitted to a piston of a smaller diameter 5, from which the generated increased pressure in the cavity 21 is transmitted to the upper end of the piston 8 of a larger diameter. The created high pressure in the cavity 21 acts equally on both pistons 5 and 8. Due to the fact that the areas of these pistons are different, the forces acting on them are not the same and obey the relation

.

.

That is, the forces of the pistons relate to each other as the area of the pistons or as the squares of their diameters.

It is known that for driving a standard reinforced concrete pile, efforts are required at the moment of impact of the hammer in accordance with the ratio

,

,

where m is the mass of the striker (kg) is usually 2-5 tons, v is the speed of the striker at the moment of impact (m / s) 5-5.5 m / s, and the impact time t (s) is usually equal to 10 · 10 ^{- 3} sec

Hence, the force at the moment of impact on the pile can reach 1.5-2.0 MN, and the pulse power at the moment of impact is 5-10 MW. This power is spent on elastic deformation of the Shabot, piles and the so-called "liquefaction of the soil" in the place of adhesion to the pile and the destruction of the pile itself.

In order to keep the pile sinking process continuous while maintaining the generated forces, the electric hammer is equipped with a matching element in the form of a hydraulic force transformer with two hydraulic cylinders of less than 6 and more than 7 diameters. This makes it possible, while maintaining the magnitude of the forces produced by the pile, to reduce by an order of magnitude the forces created by the striker 1 on the anvil 3 and the piston 5, respectively, which allows you to simultaneously increase the frequency of impacts by an order of magnitude.

Thus, the proposed design of the electric hammer can significantly improve the reliability of its operation.

Claims (1)

An electric hammer comprising a housing with a stator, an anchor-striker, dampers with a shock absorber, characterized in that a fitting with hydraulic conduits, a hydro-gas accumulator and a matching element, which is located in the electric hammer in its lower part, and the anchor-striker is mounted on the anvil, are inserted into the electric hammer made in the form of a piston through a rod connected to a piston of a smaller diameter and placed in a hydraulic cylinder of a smaller diameter, which is mounted on a hydraulic cylinder of a larger diameter with a piston of a larger diameter, the lower plane of which is its own rod m is connected with a dabber mounted on the pile, and the upper cavity of the small diameter hydraulic cylinder formed by a hydraulic conduit is connected to the lower cavity of a larger diameter hydraulic cylinder and a hydrogas accumulator, and the lower part of the small diameter hydraulic cylinder is connected by a hydraulic conduit to the fitting with a non-return valve.

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