RU2377044C1 - Filtration element for fluid fine cleaning - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: process engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to process engineering and can be used for fine purification of fluids. Proposed filtration element serves to clean fluid from suspensions, bacteria, dissolved chemical and organic compounds and other pollutants. Proposed filtration element comprises tight hollow cylindrical casing with cover, two unions and throttle, tight filtration element with membrane and filtered fluid discharge gadget. Proposed filter additionally comprises flange and plug with at least one filtration element rigidly mounted there between. Said plug, tightly fitted into cover, has at least one channel to accommodate filtration element connecting branch pipe to allow filtration element to communicate, via plug channel, with fluid discharge gadget. Note that flexible element is fitted between said flange and casing bottom.

EFFECT: higher efficiency and reliability, possibility to use in both free-flow and main line versions, expanded operating performances.

2 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to devices used by consumers for fine filtration of liquids: drinking water, alcohols, hydrocarbons, esters, gasoline, kerosene, organic compounds, acids, hydrogen peroxide, etc., which effectively clean the filtered liquid from suspensions, bacteria, dissolved chemical and organic compounds, heavy metals, aluminum, iron and other contaminants and can find application in domestic and industrial conditions, in the chemical industry, in medicine, in pharmaceuticals and in scientific works, and in the absence of tvii drinking tap water, from individual consumers.

A known apparatus for filtering, comprising a housing in which a central distribution pipe with rows of holes and a set of tubular membrane elements mounted in a tube sheet, a lid with a pipe, a bottom, an annular cup for plugging the ends of the membrane elements and sealing seals between the cover and the tube sheet are coaxially mounted (RF patent 2063785, A01K 29/00, B01D 29/00, 1995). The known apparatus is quite difficult to manufacture, since the lid, bottom, tube sheet and housing have a number of special devices for sealing the components of the device, the central distribution pipe, as well as the tubular membrane elements, being hermetically fixed with its upper part in the pipe sheet with special seals and grooves, and the lower part is connected to the bottom. With this embodiment of the known apparatus, the housing, cover, bottom and tube sheet have a complicated shape and are laborious to manufacture. The assembly and disassembly of such an apparatus is complex and requires constant monitoring of tightness when connecting its individual parts.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved effect is a membrane filtration device containing a sealed hollow cylindrical housing with a cover, two fittings and a throttle that provides fluid flow only in one direction - into the housing, a filter element with a membrane having a shorter length than the length the housing inside which it is located, and a means for draining filtered water (see, RF patent No. 2179061, class B01D 63/00 of 2000).

The disadvantages of this technical solution are the inability to ensure effective regeneration (at least 90% recovery of its performance) of the membrane filter elements by the consumer when they are contaminated; a large flow rate of water during the filtration process (from 1/3 to 4/5 of unfiltered water passes through the filter housing and goes down the drain) and the need to provide a sufficiently high pressure at the inlet of the filter (from 3 to 8 atm) to ensure its operability.

The basis of the invention is the task of improving the household filter for fine liquid purification, in which, thanks to its design, it is possible to increase the manufacturability of the filter element for the standard housing of the household filter, simplify its assembly and disassembly, and enable efficient regeneration of filter elements and their replacement filtering the entire fluid flow entering the filter at a minimum inlet pressure (from 0.5 atm), which is especially important in most versions of it about use.

The objective of the invention is solved in that a fine filter containing a sealed hollow cylindrical body with a cover, two fittings and a throttle, providing an optimal (determined by the filter element capacity) flow of filtered fluid, a sealed filter element with a membrane having a shorter length than the length of the housing inside which it is located and the means (fitting) for draining filtered water are provided with a flange and a plug, between which at least one filter element is installed and rigidly in them fixed.

The task is also achieved by the fact that the plug is made with at least one channel in which the connecting pipe of the filter element is installed.

The task is also achieved by the fact that the filter element is equipped with a connecting pipe, with which it is communicated through a channel made in a cork with a means for draining filtered water.

The task is also achieved by the fact that the flange is made with at least one row of seats for the filter element on one side and an annular groove made on the other side.

The task is also achieved by the fact that the area of the throttle hole is less than or equal to the area of the total equivalent hole of the membrane of the filter element.

The task is also achieved by the fact that the filter is equipped with an elastic element, for example a spring, which is installed between the flange and the bottom of the housing. The invention is illustrated by drawings, where:

figure 1 shows a longitudinal section of a filter for fine purification of liquids;

figure 2 is a view of a filter element mounted in a round rubber stopper;

figure 3 is a side view of the filter element.

The filter for fine purification of liquids consists of a housing 1 (Figs. 1 - 3) in the form of a cylindrical cup, two filter elements 2 and 3, an elastic element 4, for example, a spring or a volume elastic-elastic insert, a round flange 5 made of polyethylene with a number of seats for the filter element, for example, with slots 6 and 7 for installing the filter elements 2 and 3, and on the other hand with an annular guide groove (not shown conditionally in the drawing) for fixed installation of the spring 4 between the flange and the bottom of the cup. The filter housing 1 is closed by a cover 8, in which fittings are made, one of which 9 is connected to the supply line 10 through the throttle 11 and a strainer 12 with a tap, and the other fitting 13 is located on the other side of the cover and connected to the means 14 for draining filtered water from the crane 15. The cover 8 with a socket with an internal cavity 16 under the rubber stopper 17 is rigidly connected to the housing by a quick coupling, for example, a thread. The rubber stopper 17 is made with two channels 18 and 19 under the connecting pipes 20 and 21 of the filter elements, through which the internal cavity of the cover 16 is in communication with the fitting 13.

The filter elements 2 and 3 for thin liquid purification consist of rigid rectangular plates and are made of polypropylene with an internal structure in the form of capillary grooves and connecting pipes 20 and 21 for draining the filtered liquid from the inner cavity 22 of the housing through the filter element. Above and below the base of the filter elements 2 and 3, filtering substrates of non-woven material (for example, a mixture of polypropylene and polyethylene) are installed, and protective outer membranes with calibrated holes are laminated on top of them, the total area of which is indicated in the accompanying documentation of the manufacturer.

The sealing of the filter elements 2 and 3 is carried out by heat welding along the perimeter of its rectangular casing above and below. In this case, the external track membranes and the filter substrate are reliably and hermetically welded to the body. The area of the total equivalent hole of the membrane of the filter element is chosen equal to the area of the hole of the throttle or 0.01 more than it.

Membranes can be made of polycarbonate, lavsan, polyimide, polypropylene, fluorine-containing film.

Filtration substrates can be made of at least one layer and are a membrane filter made from derivatives of polymers. The membrane filter material forms a cohesive structure so that there are no free particles or fibers. Moreover, we can assume that the filtration process is similar to the action of a multilayer sieve or sieve with very small cells, the dimensions of the passages, or pores, within a separate filter are maintained with very tight tolerances (of the order of 0.05 μm), which makes it possible to produce filters with pores of various sizes.

This design of the filter element allows you to use it in the "pressure" versions of the filters.

The design of the filter elements (this is an absolutely flat and rigid base with capillary grooves, external membranes, filtration substrates and connecting pipes) ensures its operation with an external pressure of the filtered liquid up to 10 atm.

The filter can be equipped with a bracket designed to be mounted on a vertical surface, such as a wall, or a stand for mounting on a horizontal surface, such as a sink, or on a sink top.

The filter works as follows.

Having inserted the connecting pipes 20 and 21 of the two filter elements 2 and 3 into the rubber stopper 17 and putting the flange 5 on top of the filter elements, we get a monoblock for installation in the filter housing. When assembling the filter housing, the spring 4 presses the plug 17 to the socket with an internal cavity 16 in the cover 8 and reliably seals it. Unfiltered water enters the filter cavity 22 from the supply line 10, is filtered through sealed filter elements 2 and 3 and through the connecting pipes 20 and 21, channels 18 and 19 and the internal cavity 16 enters the filter outlet through the nozzle 13 into the flow valve 15. It should be noted that the filter provides filtering of the entire fluid flow entering its inlet.

The materials and manufacturing technologies used in the manufacture of filter elements provide:

- its chemical neutrality;

- the possibility of sterilization, for example, by boiling (this possibility is provided due to the fact that there are no internal containers in the structure of the filter element, otherwise it would simply burst);

- selection of filter element parameters allows to produce the most optimal (from the point of view of resource and productivity) structures for filtering various liquids both in terms of viscosity and contamination, and in the quality of the required cleaning.

The claimed technical solution can be effectively used for fine filtration of the following liquids: drinking water, alcohols, hydrocarbons, ethers, gasoline, kerosene, organic compounds, acids, hydrogen peroxide, etc., while it allows you to effectively filter:

- various finely divided mechanical particles and suspensions;

- all types of bacteria - 100%;

- heavy metals - 85-95%;

- lead - more than 90%;

- cadmium - 80%;

- iron 3-valent - 100%;

- petroleum products - more than 95%;

- pesticides - more than 90%;

- aluminum - 100%.

The filter element has all the filtering properties inherent in a track membrane and a volumetric membrane filter.

The flow rate is proportional to the filtration area and the pressure difference and inversely proportional to the viscosity of the filtered fluid. The proposed filter element when filtering drinking water at a pressure of 1 atm is able to provide an initial productivity of 30 liters / per hour.

The service life of the filter element is the volume of liquid that can be passed through it before the flow rate drops below the required level or until the flow filtration process completely stops, i.e. until the filter is clogged. The use of an external track membrane allows the regeneration of the filter element as it becomes contaminated with an acid solution (regeneration efficiency of 92-94%), which significantly increases its service life.

The implementation of the claimed technical solution allows to increase the efficiency and reliability of the filter and to expand the range of its use in industrial conditions.

Claims (2)

1. A filter for fine purification of a liquid, comprising a sealed hollow cylindrical body with a cover, two fittings and a throttle, a sealed filter element with a membrane having a shorter length than the length of the housing inside which it is located, and means for draining filtered water, characterized in that it is provided with a flange and a plug, between which at least one filter element is installed and rigidly fixed in them, while the plug, hermetically located in the lid, is made with at least one channel in which ene connecting pipe filter element through which the filter element through the channel formed in the tube, communicated with the filtered water outlet means, and between the flange and the bottom of the housing is mounted an elastic member. 2. The filter according to claim 1, characterized in that the flange is made with at least one row of seats for the filter element on one side and an annular groove made on its other side.

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