RU2095317C1 - Filter for cleaning liquids - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: liquid filtration. SUBSTANCE: filter comprises casing with channel in its top section provided with shut-off device to reduce pressure, cover, filter unit, and means to apply pressure to liquid being filtered. The latter means is made in the form of vessel of elastic material equipped with admission and discharge back valves. Filter unit constitutes a packet of filter elements collected in collector tube connected with outdoor environment through branch pipe installed in casing wall. EFFECT: improved design. 3 cl, 3 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to devices designed for separation processes using semipermeable membranes, and can be used in the manufacture of autonomous apparatus for treating water and other liquids in a domestic environment.

A device for water purification, comprising a housing with a filler neck, a closed lid. The filter unit is seated on the outlet pipe of the housing. Water purification in a known device is carried out by gravity under the action of a column of water, poured into the housing. Purified water accumulates in a jug [1]
A disadvantage of the known device is the inconvenience of operation, relatively large dimensions, the purified water is in contact with the environment for a long time, which causes its oxidation and other undesirable environmental influences that reduce the quality of the purified water.

 Of the known closest in technical essence to the claimed device is a filter for cleaning liquid, comprising a housing with a filler neck, in contact with which a lid with a hole is removably mounted, means for creating air pressure on the liquid to be cleaned, a filter unit placed in the internal volume of the housing on top of at the bottom of the drain hole.

 A hole is made in the lid connecting the internal volume of the housing with the external air environment when the lid closes the filler neck. The device is equipped with a means that allows you to manually, by temporarily locking the hole in the lid with your hand, briefly increase the pressure by reducing the internal volume of the housing. An increase in pressure in the internal volume is necessary to initiate wetting of the filter block with liquid.

 This is because the filter block is made of granular activated carbon and polyethylene, heated before sintering to form a block with pores of about 20 microns. Therefore, for the initial overcoming of the surface tension of the liquid and the wetting of the block, excessive pressure is necessary, which is created by compressing the housing.

 After wetting the block, the liquid passes through it under the influence of gravitational forces.

The purified liquid accumulates in the jug, assembled with which the housing with the filter unit form a single device [2]
A disadvantage of the known device is the following.

 To increase the degree of purification of the liquid from mechanical and bacterial impurities, it is necessary to reduce the passage section of the pores of the filter material, which leads to a sharp increase in the resistance to the passage of liquid through the filter block. An increase in the area and volume of the sorbent leads to an increase in the dimensions of the entire device.

 Therefore, the known device has a low degree of purification, low productivity, low service life.

 The known device is inconvenient in operation. So, to drain the purified liquid, it is necessary to remove the housing with the filter unit from the jug and place it in an upright position on a clean surface or hold it in your hand. In this case, various contaminants may fall onto the clean area of the filter unit, which will then be washed into the purified liquid.

 In the known device, it is impossible to stop the cleaning process to obtain, for example, a portion of the purified liquid.

 The structural solution of the known device is such that from the total internal volume of the jug and the hull in all cases, the volume equal to the internal volume of the hull is not used. If the case is filled with the original fluid, there must be room in the jug to accommodate it after cleaning. Or, if the jug is full, the inside of the hull should remain empty. That is, the volume of the known device is used inefficiently, which results in an unjustified increase in size.

 A disadvantage of the known device is also the long contact of the purified liquid with the environment caused by the low performance of the filter unit.

 The task to which the invention is directed is to increase the ease of use, increase productivity, reduce the time the environment affects the purified liquid, increase the compactness of the product.

 This problem is solved in that in a filter for cleaning liquid containing a housing with a filler neck, in contact with which a lid with a hole is removably mounted, means for creating air pressure on the liquid to be cleaned, a filter unit located in the internal volume of the housing, according to the invention, means for creating the air pressure on the liquid being cleaned is made in the form of a vessel of elastic material, tightly fixed in the opening of the lid, while the vessel is equipped with inlet and discharge check valves, by In which the working cavity of the vessel is respectively connected with the external air environment and with the internal volume of the housing, the filter unit is made in the form of a package of pairs of semipermeable membranes separated by drainage plates fastened together around the perimeter and assembled on a collector tube connected to the external environment through an installed in the housing wall outlet pipe, and in the upper zone of the housing through its wall a channel is made, normally closed by a locking member connected to a spring-loaded rod, which is withdrawn through the channel l outside the enclosure.

 Moreover, the lid is made in the form of a nut with an internal annular groove and a cup with a flange in the upper part, while the flanging of the cup is placed in the annular groove with the formation of a lock connection.

 In this case, the outlet pipe is filled with a sorbent.

 A comparative analysis of the proposed technical solution with the prototype shows that the claimed filter differs from the known one in that the means for creating air pressure on the liquid to be cleaned is made in the form of a vessel of elastic material sealed tightly in the lid opening, while the vessel is equipped with inlet and discharge check valves, by of which the working cavity of the vessel is communicated respectively with the external air environment and with the internal volume of the housing, the filter unit is made in the form of a packet divided x drainage plates of pairs of semipermeable membranes fastened together around the perimeter and assembled on a collector tube connected to the external medium through an outlet pipe installed in the housing wall, and in the upper zone of the housing through the wall there is a channel normally closed by a shut-off element connected with a spring-loaded rod that is brought out through the channel outside the enclosure.

 Moreover, the lid is made in the form of a nut with an internal annular groove and a cup with a flange in the upper part, while the flanging of the cup is placed in the annular groove with the formation of a lock connection.

 In this case, the outlet pipe is filled with a sorbent.

 The constructive solution of the means of creating air pressure on the liquid to be cleaned, the filter block, the outlet pipe and the channel with a shut-off element, the location and their relationship allow filling the housing with the original liquid without removing the filter block, increase productivity, reduce the likelihood of contamination of the purified liquid, and stop the cleaning process almost instantly , thereby providing a portioned supply of purified liquid, improve ease of use.

 In FIG. 1 shows a cross section of the proposed filter for cleaning liquids; in FIG. 2 means for creating air pressure on the liquid being cleaned (cross section); in FIG. 3 cross section of three filter elements.

 The proposed filter (Fig. 1) contains a housing 1, which has a filler neck 2. The filler neck 2 is closed by a lid; the lid (Fig. 2) is made in the form of a nut 3, screwed onto the neck 2, in which a groove 4 and a glass 5 with a flange 6 in the upper part are made. The flange 6 of the cup 5 due to the elastic deformation of the material is placed in the annular groove 4 of the nut 3 with the formation between the nut and the cup lock connection. Bottom flanging 6 along the edge of the neck 2 is placed a sealing gasket 7.

 In the bottom of the glass 5, a hole is made in which a means for creating air pressure on the liquid to be cleaned is fixed by a tight tight fit (Fig. 1 2), made in the form of a corrugated vessel 8 from an elastic material, in the particular case, in the form of several toroidal elements interconnected .

 In the end parts of the vessel 8 are installed inlet 9 and pressure 10 check valves.

 The inlet valve 9 is installed with the possibility of air from the external environment into the cavity of the vessel 8, and the discharge valve 10 from the cavity of the vessel 8 into the internal volume of the housing 1.

 In the wall of the housing 1, a discharge pipe 11 is installed. The upper end part of the discharge pipe 11 passes through the wall of the housing 1 and ends with a groove 12 for draining the purified liquid passed through the discharge pipe.

 The lower end part of the outlet pipe 11 is connected to the collector tube 13 of the filter unit 14.

 The filtering unit 14 is made (Fig. 3) of filtering elements 15 mounted on the collector tube 13. Each filtering element 15 is assembled on a drainage plate 16, for example, of fiberglass, on the upper and lower surfaces of which semipermeable membranes 17 are placed. Membranes 17 and drainage the plates are fastened together along the perimeter.

 In the upper zone of the housing 1 (Fig. 1 2) a channel 18 is made, communicating the internal volume of the housing 1 with the external environment. The channel 18 is normally closed by a locking member 19 in the form, for example, of a rubber valve connected to the stem 20. The valve 19 is pressed through the stem 20 by an element 21 made of elastically deformable material.

 The groove 12 is closed from above by the panel 22, and thus forms a continuation of the outlet pipe 11 outside the housing 1.

 The lower hole of the housing 1 is closed by means of a seal 23 with a bottom-cover 24.

 The outlet pipe is filled with a sorbent for the formation of a two-stage cleaning.

 The proposed filter for cleaning liquid works as follows.

 Before starting work through the filler neck 2, the internal volume of the housing 1 is filled with the original liquid. Then, pressing nut 3 flanging 6 and the gasket 7 to the filler neck 2, seal the housing 1.

 To obtain purified liquid, press vessel 8. Excessive air pressure opens the discharge valve 10. Air flows into the volume of the housing 1 and creates some pressure on the surface of the liquid. When released under the action of the elastic forces of the walls of the vessel 8, the discharge valve 10 is automatically closed, and the inlet valve 9 opens. Air from the external environment fills the cavity of the vessel 8. When the compressive force is applied again to the vessel 8, the process repeats. The inlet valve 9 closes, the discharge valve 10 opens, passing air into the internal volume of the housing 1.

 As a result of this, a sufficient pressure is created in the internal volume for the initial liquid to pass through the filter unit 14 and to raise the purified liquid through the outlet pipe 11 to the groove 12, through which the liquid flows into the substituted container.

 To stop cleaning, press the rod 20, act on the locking element 19 opening the channel 18 to relieve pressure. The cleaning process stops.

 Pulse pressure relief creates a backward push of the fluid in the outlet pipe 11, draining the groove 12 and thereby preventing the formation of drops on the edge of the groove 12.

 The positive effect of using the invention is as follows.

 The solution of individual nodes and their interaction provide increased usability of the device.

 The time of contact of the cleaned liquid with the environment is reduced. Eliminates the risk of contamination in the cleaned liquid. It is possible that the cap is contaminated when removing it for pouring, it is not dangerous, since the cap is in the area of the original liquid.

 The possibility of portioned dispensing and almost instantaneous stopping of the flow of purified liquid is provided.

 The compactness of the product is increased, since it does not have zones unused during the cleaning process.

 The developed surface of the filtering elements and additional pressure can increase the productivity of the device. Two-stage cleaning improves the quality and degree of fluid purification.

Claims (3)

 1. A filter for cleaning liquid, comprising a housing with a filler neck, in contact with which a lid with a hole is removably mounted, means for creating air pressure on the liquid to be cleaned, a filter unit located in the internal volume of the body, characterized in that the means for creating air pressure on the cleaned the liquid is made in the form of a vessel of elastic material, tightly fixed in the hole of the lid, while the vessel is equipped with inlet and discharge check valves, through which the working cavity of the vessel with communicated respectively with the external air environment and with the internal volume of the housing, the filter unit is made in the form of a package of pairs of semipermeable membranes separated by drainage plates fastened together around the perimeter and assembled on a collector tube connected to the external environment through an outlet pipe installed in the housing wall, and in a channel is made through the upper zone of the housing through its wall, normally closed by a locking member connected to a spring-loaded rod, which is brought out of the housing through the channel.  2. The filter according to claim 1, characterized in that the lid is made in the form of a nut with an inner annular groove and a bead with a flanging in the upper part, while the bead of the bead is placed in the annular groove with the formation of a lock connection.  3. The filter according to claim 1, characterized in that the outlet pipe is filled with a sorbent.

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